{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T04:01:19Z","timestamp":1791172879866,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,23]],"date-time":"2009-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1245715200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Autism Dev Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-009-0798-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,22]],"date-time":"2009-06-22T16:52:52Z","timestamp":1245689572000},"page":"1560-1567","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Qualitative or Quantitative Differences Between Asperger\u2019s Disorder and Autism? Historical Considerations"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"James Ladell","family":"Sanders","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"798_CR1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1952","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. (1952). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association."},{"key":"798_CR2","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1968","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. (1968). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (2nd ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.","edition":"2"},{"key":"798_CR3","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1980","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. (1980). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.","edition":"3"},{"key":"798_CR4","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., TR). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association."},{"issue":"7","key":"798_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-006-0267-y","volume":"37","author":"J Barbaro","year":"2007","unstructured":"Barbaro, J., & Dissanayake, C. (2007). A comparative study of the use and understanding of self-presentational display rules in children with high functioning autism and Asperger\u2019s disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37(7), 1235\u20131246.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"issue":"4","key":"798_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-007-0428-7","volume":"38","author":"T Bennett","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bennett, T., Szatmari, P., Bryson, S., Volden, J., Zwaigenbaum, L., Vaccarella, L., et al. (2008). Differentiating autism and Asperger syndrome on the basis of language delay or impairment. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38(4), 616\u2013625.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"key":"798_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511526770","volume-title":"Autism and Asperger syndrome","author":"U Frith","year":"1991","unstructured":"Frith, U. (1991). Autism and Asperger syndrome. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press."},{"issue":"4","key":"798_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2004.00262.x","volume":"45","author":"U Frith","year":"2004","unstructured":"Frith, U. (2004). Emanuel Miller lecture: Confusions and controversies about Asperger syndrome. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45(4), 672\u2013686.","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"798_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-007-0371-7","volume":"38","author":"M Ghaziuddin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ghaziuddin, M. (2008). Defining the behavioral phenotype of Asperger syndrome. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38(1), 138\u2013142.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"issue":"3","key":"798_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JADD.0000029550.19098.77","volume":"34","author":"M Ghaziuddin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ghaziuddin, M., & MountainKimchi, K. (2004). Defining the intellectual profile of Asperger syndrome: Comparison with high-functioning autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34(3), 279\u2013284.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"issue":"1","key":"798_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022270118899","volume":"33","author":"P Howlin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Howlin, P. (2003). Outcome in high-functioning adults with autism with and without early language delays: Implications for the differentiation between autism and Asperger syndrome. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 33(1), 3.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"issue":"2","key":"798_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005467807937","volume":"30","author":"R Iwanaga","year":"2000","unstructured":"Iwanaga, R., Kawasaki, C., & Tsuchida, R. (2000). Brief report: Comparison of sensory-motor and cognitive function between autism and asperger syndrome in preschool children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 30(2), 169\u2013174.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"key":"798_CR14","first-page":"217","volume":"2","author":"L Kanner","year":"1943","unstructured":"Kanner, L. (1943). Autistic disturbances of affective contact. Nervous Child, 2, 217\u2013250.","journal-title":"Nervous Child"},{"issue":"2","key":"798_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-004-2001-y","volume":"35","author":"A Klin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Klin, A., Pauls, D., Schultz, R., & Volkmar, F. (2005). Three diagnostic approaches to asperger syndrome: Implications for research. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 35(2), 221\u2013234.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"issue":"1","key":"798_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1819.2007.01617.x","volume":"61","author":"T Koyama","year":"2007","unstructured":"Koyama, T., Tachimori, H., Osada, H., Takeda, T., & Kurita, H. (2007). Cognitive and symptom profiles in Asperger\u2019s syndrome and high-functioning autism. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 61(1), 99\u2013104.","journal-title":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences"},{"issue":"10","key":"798_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2022","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-007-0383-3","volume":"37","author":"V Lyons","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lyons, V., & Fitzgerald, M. (2007). Asperger (1906\u20131980) and Kanner (1894\u20131981), the two pioneers of autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37(10), 2022\u20132023.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"issue":"3","key":"798_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2004.00234.x","volume":"45","author":"KE Macintosh","year":"2004","unstructured":"Macintosh, K. E., & Dissanayake, C. (2004). The similarities and differences between autistic disorder and Asperger\u2019s disorder: A review of the empirical evidence. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 45(3), 421\u2013434.","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines"},{"issue":"2","key":"798_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361306062026","volume":"10","author":"K Macintosh","year":"2006","unstructured":"Macintosh, K., & Dissanayake, C. (2006a). A comparative study of the spontaneous social interactions of children with high-functioning autism and children with Asperger\u2019s disorder. Autism, 10(2), 199\u2013220.","journal-title":"Autism"},{"issue":"8","key":"798_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-006-0139-5","volume":"36","author":"K Macintosh","year":"2006","unstructured":"Macintosh, K., & Dissanayake, C. (2006b). Social skills and problem behaviours in school aged children with high-functioning autism and Asperger\u2019s disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36(8), 1065\u20131076.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"issue":"1","key":"798_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2005.00695.x","volume":"113","author":"S Maestro","year":"2006","unstructured":"Maestro, S., Muratori, F., Cesari, A., Pecini, C., Apicella, F., & Stern, D. (2006). A view to regressive autism through home movies: Is early development really normal? Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 113(1), 68\u201372.","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica"},{"key":"798_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rasd.2007.07.003","volume":"2","author":"JL Matson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Matson, J. L., & Wilkins, J. (2008). Nosology and diagnosis of Asperger\u2019s syndrome. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2, 288\u2013300.","journal-title":"Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders"},{"issue":"3","key":"798_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JODD.0000032301.07550.0e","volume":"16","author":"SD Mayes","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mayes, S. D., & Calhoun, S. L. (2004). Influence of IQ and age in childhood autism: Lack of support for DSM-IV Asperger\u2019s disorder. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 16(3), 257\u2013272.","journal-title":"Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities"},{"issue":"7","key":"798_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1991.tb00352.x","volume":"32","author":"S Ozonoff","year":"1991","unstructured":"Ozonoff, S., Rogers, S. J., & Pennington, B. F. (1991). Asperger\u2019s syndrome: Evidence of an empirical distinction from high-functioning autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 32(7), 1107\u20131122.","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"798_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01537863","volume":"8","author":"M Rutter","year":"1978","unstructured":"Rutter, M. (1978). Diagnosis and definition of childhood autism. Journal of Autism & Childhood Schizophrenia, 8(2), 139\u2013161.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism & Childhood Schizophrenia"},{"issue":"2","key":"798_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01495054","volume":"17","author":"M Rutter","year":"1987","unstructured":"Rutter, M., & Schopler, E. (1987). Autism and pervasive developmental disorders: Concepts and diagnostic issues. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 17(2), 159\u2013186.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"issue":"5","key":"798_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2001\/087)","volume":"44","author":"LD Shriberg","year":"2001","unstructured":"Shriberg, L. D., Paul, R., McSweeny, J. L., Klin, A. M., Cohen, D. J., & Volkmar, F. R. (2001). Speech and prosody characteristics of adolescents and adults with high-functioning autism and asperger syndrome. Journal of Speech Language & Hearing Research, 44(5), 1097\u20131115.","journal-title":"Journal of Speech Language & Hearing Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"798_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00141","volume":"44","author":"P Szatmari","year":"2003","unstructured":"Szatmari, P., Bryson, S. E., Boyle, M. H., Streiner, D. L., & Duku, E. (2003). Predictors of outcome among high functioning children with autism and Asperger syndrome. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 44(4), 520\u2013528.","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines"},{"issue":"12","key":"798_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1980","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.157.12.1980","volume":"157","author":"P Szatmari","year":"2000","unstructured":"Szatmari, P., Bryson, S. E., Streiner, D. L., Wilson, F., Archer, L., & Ryerse, C. (2000). Two-year outcome of preschool children with autism or Asperger\u2019s syndrome. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157(12), 1980\u20131987.","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"798_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700053332","volume":"11","author":"L Wing","year":"1981","unstructured":"Wing, L. (1981). Asperger\u2019s syndrome: A clinical account. Psychological Medicine, 11, 115\u2013129.","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"798_CR31","first-page":"418","volume-title":"Asperger syndrome","author":"L Wing","year":"2000","unstructured":"Wing, L. (2000). Past and future of research on Asperger syndrome. In A. Klin, F. K. Volkmar, & S. S. Sparrow (Eds.), Asperger syndrome (pp. 418\u2013432). New York: The Guildford Press."},{"issue":"2","key":"798_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-004-2002-x","volume":"35","author":"M Woodbury-Smith","year":"2005","unstructured":"Woodbury-Smith, M., Klin, A., & Volkmar, F. (2005). Asperger\u2019s syndrome: A comparison of clinical diagnoses and those made according to the ICD-10 and DSM-IV. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 35(2), 235\u2013240.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"}],"container-title":["Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10803-009-0798-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10803-009-0798-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10803-009-0798-0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,31]],"date-time":"2019-05-31T00:52:46Z","timestamp":1559263966000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10803-009-0798-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,23]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]}},"alternative-id":["798"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10803-009-0798-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0162-3257","1573-3432"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0162-3257","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-3432","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,23]]}}}