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This study also examines metacognitive awareness of autism knowledge, evaluating whether college students can accurately calibrate their confidence in their beliefs about autistic characteristics. 283 college students completed the Autism Symptomatology Knowledge Assessment (McMahon et al. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders 71:101499, 2020). In this assessment, participants were presented with characteristics of autism and other disabilities and asked to identify which characteristics could be used to diagnose someone with autism. For each characteristic, participants indicated how certain they were in their response. Participants more accurately categorized characteristics of autism, particularly social interaction and communication challenges, as being consistent with an autism diagnosis. Participants had more difficulty identifying that characteristics of other disabilities, especially anxiety, ADHD, and learning disabilities, were not diagnostic for autism. For autistic characteristics, participants\u2019 confidence and accuracy were positively correlated, such that participants who responded accurately were more confident in their response than those who responded inaccurately. For other disability characteristics, confidence and accuracy were typically not correlated or inversely correlated, indicating poor metacognitive awareness. College students confuse autism with other disabilities, which may have important implications in real-world contexts. Furthermore, individuals with poor metacognitive awareness of their autism knowledge may not realize that they are confusing autism with other disabilities, such that they may not seek out additional corrective information about autism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-024-06631-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]],"date-time":"2024-11-15T08:58:07Z","timestamp":1731661087000},"page":"1516-1525","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["College Students Recognize Characteristics of Autism, but Struggle to Differentiate Between Characteristics of Autism and Other Disabilities"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Camilla M.","family":"McMahon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"6631_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"ADDIN Mendeley Bibliography CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY American Psychiatric Association (2013). 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