{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T07:19:31Z","timestamp":1740122371224,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]],"date-time":"2024-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716249600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]],"date-time":"2024-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716249600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005046","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ZD2023H005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZD2023H005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005046","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Interv Card Electrophysiol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>High-resolution mapping offers superior accuracy in delineating conduction features; however, certain characteristics are still linked to elevated recurrence rates of atrial tachycardia (AT), suggesting the influence of additional mechanisms. This study systematically assessed the substrate of functional conduction block (FCB) regions in relation to the mechanisms of multiple ATs.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In this study, the Carto system facilitated the mapping of ATs in 13 patients undergoing ablation, each presenting with more than two AT variants. FCB regions were marked and further analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of 33 sustained ATs were mapped across the patient cohort. FCB regions showed convertibility in 7 of 13 patients (54%). Three kinds of presentations can be summarized by the FCB region: Firstly, the FCB region could act as the main obstacle sustaining the localized reentrant pathway, for which rounding obviously has a direct correlation with the mechanism of the AT (27%). Secondly, the FCB regions could act as obstacle lines to reorganize the propagation of the reentry in localized AT and macroreentrant AT (55%). Lastly, the FCB region could act as a bystander and may not be related to the mechanism of the ATs (18%). The potentials in FCB regions mostly performed low voltages or fragmented potentials (FPs) in the ATs which they did not perform the conduction block (90%).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In multiple ATs, FCB regions may not be uncommon. The participation of FCB regions in the mechanism of ATs showed three different kinds of performance. The dynamic nature of this substrate may provide insight into the reasons for the high recurrence of related ATs.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10840-024-01817-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]],"date-time":"2024-05-21T02:01:44Z","timestamp":1716256904000},"page":"1793-1806","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The characterization of functional conduction block in patients with multiple types of atrial tachycardia- A discussion on the mechanism of multiple atrial tachycardia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Bin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"GuoHua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"SongCai","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Luan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JinWei","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6439-7540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ShuFeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"1817_CR1","first-page":"815","volume":"6","author":"N Derval","year":"2020","unstructured":"Derval N, Takigawa M, Frontera A, Mahida S, Konstantinos V, Denis A, et al. Characterization of Complex Atrial Tachycardia in Patients With Previous Atrial Interventions Using High-Resolution Mapping. JACC: Clin Electrophysiol. 2020;6(7):815\u201326.","journal-title":"JACC: Clin Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1817_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2018.11.027","volume":"16","author":"A Frontera","year":"2019","unstructured":"Frontera A, Mahajan R, Dallet C, Vlachos K, Kitamura T, Takigawa M, et al. Characterizing localized reentry with high-resolution mapping: evidence for multiple slow conducting isthmuses within the circuit. Heart Rhythm. 2019;16(5):679\u201385.","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"issue":"1","key":"1817_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2017.08.001","volume":"15","author":"A Frontera","year":"2018","unstructured":"Frontera A, Takigawa M, Martin R, Thompson N, Cheniti G, Massoulli\u00e9 G, et al. Electrogram signature of specific activation patterns: analysis of atrial tachycardias at high-density endocardial mapping. Heart Rhythm. 2018;15(1):28\u201337.","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"issue":"1","key":"1817_CR4","first-page":"e004510","volume":"10","author":"DG La\u0163cu","year":"2017","unstructured":"La\u0163cu DG, Bun S-S, Viera F, Delassi T, El Jamili M, Al Amoura A, et al. Selection of critical isthmus in scar-related atrial tachycardia using a new automated ultrahigh resolution mapping system. Circ: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology. 2017;10(1):e004510.","journal-title":"Circ: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"1817_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2017.08.019","volume":"4","author":"EJ Ciaccio","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ciaccio EJ, Coromilas J, Wit AL, Peters NS, Garan H. Source-Sink Mismatch Causing Functional\u00a0Conduction Block in Re-Entrant Ventricular\u00a0Tachycardia. JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2018;4(1):1\u201316.","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1817_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e006019","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.117.006019","volume":"11","author":"M Takigawa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Takigawa M, Derval N, Maury P, Martin R, Denis A, Miyazaki S, et al. Comprehensive multicenter study of the common isthmus in post\u2013atrial fibrillation ablation multiple-loop atrial tachycardia. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2018;11(6):e006019.","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1817_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2018.10.023","volume":"16","author":"S Miyazaki","year":"2019","unstructured":"Miyazaki S, Hasegawa K, Kaseno K, Tada H. Protected channels can be formed by a functional line of block in human atrial tachycardia. Heart Rhythm. 2019;16(4):642\u20133.","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"issue":"9","key":"1817_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2019.05.019","volume":"16","author":"K Vlachos","year":"2019","unstructured":"Vlachos K, Denis A, Takigawa M, Kitamura T, Martin CA, Frontera A, et al. The role of Marshall bundle epicardial connections in atrial tachycardias after atrial fibrillation ablation. Heart Rhythm. 2019;16(9):1341\u20137.","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"issue":"1","key":"1817_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e007273","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.119.007273","volume":"13","author":"M Takigawa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Takigawa M, Derval N, Martin CA, Vlachos K, Denis A, Nakatani Y, et al. Mechanism of Recurrence of Atrial Tachycardia: Comparison Between First Versus Redo Procedures in a High-Resolution Mapping System. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2020;13(1):e007273.","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"1817_CR10","first-page":"e007634","volume":"12","author":"J Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang J, Zheng L, Zhou D, Zhao A, Tang C, Zhang Y, et al. Insight into the mechanism of macroreentrant atrial tachycardia with cycle length alternans using ultrahigh density mapping system. Circ: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology. 2019;12(11):e007634.","journal-title":"Circ: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"1817_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2019.05.005","volume":"6","author":"D Zhou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhou D, Hu W, Yang G, Chen H, Zhang B, Han J, et al. A postsurgery atrial tachycardia with alternating cycle length: The possible circuits revealed by high-resolution mapping. HeartRhythm Case Rep. 2020;6(6):297\u20139.","journal-title":"HeartRhythm Case Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"1817_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.13883","volume":"30","author":"M Takigawa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Takigawa M, Denis A, Vlachos K, Martin CA, Jais P, Derval N. Two consecutive ATs demonstrating a centrifugal pattern; What is the mechanism? J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2019;30(6):978\u201380.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10840-024-01817-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10840-024-01817-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10840-024-01817-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,29]],"date-time":"2024-11-29T07:08:28Z","timestamp":1732864108000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10840-024-01817-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["1817"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10840-024-01817-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1572-8595"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1572-8595"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 December 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 April 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 May 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All authors consent to the publication of this manuscript.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}