{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T18:59:12Z","timestamp":1780513152530,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"26","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719187200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010426","name":"UGC-DAE\u00a0Consortium for Scientific Research, University Grants Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UDCSR\/MUM\/AO\/CRS-M-314\/2022\/12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UDCSR\/MUM\/AO\/CRS-M-314\/2022\/12"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010426","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020595","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSTC 112-2112-M-259-012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 112-2112-M-259-012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Mater Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>As tellurides and selenides of Bismuth are extensively used thermoelectric materials in the low-temperature range with refrigeration application, A concerted effort is put forth to boost the ZT by co-doping the pristine Bi<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>Se<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> with antimony (Sb) on cation end and tellurium (Te) on anion side of the compound. The double sintered solid-state reaction method is employed in the preparation of Bi<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>Se<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> and (Bi<jats:sub>1\u2212<jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>Sb<jats:sub><jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>Se<jats:sub>2.7<\/jats:sub>Te<jats:sub>0.3<\/jats:sub> polycrystalline pellets, with <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02, 0.04, and 0.06. The sample exhibits a rhombohedral structure with the space group of R <jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$$\\overline{3 }$$<\/jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                  <mml:mover>\n                    <mml:mn>3<\/mml:mn>\n                    <mml:mo>\u00af<\/mml:mo>\n                  <\/mml:mover>\n                <\/mml:math><\/jats:alternatives><\/jats:inline-formula> m. FESEM and EDAX analysis are used to confirm surface morphology and elemental composition of the produced samples. The thermoelectric measurements for the pristine and co-doped samples were conducted by the physical property measurement system as well as a considerable increase in the Seebeck coefficient of \u2212\u2009115\u00a0\u00b5V\/K is observed for 0.02 doping of the Sb which is 4.2 times greater than as for pristine (S\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u200928\u00a0\u00b5V\/K). Higher concentration doping (<jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04, 0.06) has not reflected any Seebeck coefficient advancement. In contrast, the lowest total thermal conductivity at a low-temperature regime (&lt;\u200950\u00a0K) is observed for <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.06 doping concentration which at near room temperature increases beyond the pristine thermal conductivity; whereas, <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02, 0.04 doping concentration shows a decrement in total thermal conductivity at low, at room temperature region the values are almost equivalent to that of pristine. The co-doped samples\u2019 electrical resistivity is substantially less than pristine sample. The highest power factor of 3\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u20134<\/jats:sup>\u00a0\u00b5W\/mK<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> is obtained for the <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02 sample. The highest ZT value for the <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02 sample is almost 28 times more than a pristine sample. We conducted a study where we combined experimental and DFT methods to investigate thermoelectric properties incorporated into pristine and doped with antimony and tellurium on Bi<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>Se<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>. We have employed this combination to investigate the partial density of states, Seebeck coefficient, power factor using the Boltzmann transport equation. Theoretical thermoelectric data were derived and compared to experimental observations. Hence, using combined experimental and theoretical investigations helps to predict with higher accuracy of thermoelectric properties of semiconducting materials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-024-09865-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T20:24:40Z","timestamp":1719260680000},"page":"11817-11834","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["A comprehensive experimental and DFT analysis on thermoelectric properties of Sb, Te co-doped Bi2Se3 polycrystals"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Suchitra","family":"Puthran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ganesh Shridhar","family":"Hegde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1005-0461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. N.","family":"Prabhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vikash","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tzu-Yi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y. K.","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"9865_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2020.157559","volume":"857","author":"JD Musah","year":"2021","unstructured":"Musah JD et al (2021) Effective decoupling of seebeck coefficient and the electrical conductivity through isovalent substitution of erbium in bismuth selenide thermoelectric material. J Alloys Compd 857:157559. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jallcom.2020.157559","journal-title":"J Alloys Compd"},{"issue":"7","key":"9865_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nano11071827","volume":"11","author":"M Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li M et al (2021) Enhanced thermoelectric performance of n-type Bi2Se3 nanosheets through Sn doping. Nanomaterials 11(7):1827. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nano11071827","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"issue":"3","key":"9865_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2090","DOI":"10.1021\/acsaem.9b02133","volume":"3","author":"O Meroz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Meroz O, Elkabets N, Gelbstein Y (2020) Enhanced thermoelectric properties of n-Type Bi2Te3-xSex alloys following melt-spinning. ACS Appl Energy Mater 3(3):2090\u20132095. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsaem.9b02133","journal-title":"ACS Appl Energy Mater"},{"key":"9865_CR4","unstructured":"Su Z (2009) Improved Thermoelectric performance of P-type polycrystalline Bi2Te3 via hydrothermal treatment with alkali metal salts recommended citation https:\/\/tigerprints.clemson.edu\/all_dissertations"},{"issue":"1","key":"9865_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/210767","volume":"2013","author":"B Liang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Liang B, Song Z, Wang M, Wang L, Jiang W (2013) Fabrication and thermoelectric properties of graphene\/Bi2Te3 composite materials. J Nanomater 2013(1):210769. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2013\/210767","journal-title":"J Nanomater"},{"issue":"1","key":"9865_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4731499","volume":"1449","author":"J Li","year":"2012","unstructured":"Li J, Barry M, Ma Y, Wu A, Chyu MK (2012) Analytical and experimental studies on an innovative composite approach for enhanced thermoelectric performance. AIP Conf Proc 1449(1):69\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.4731499","journal-title":"AIP Conf Proc"},{"issue":"7","key":"9865_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intermet.2011.03.006","volume":"19","author":"S Wang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wang S, Xie W, Li H, Tang X (2011) Enhanced performances of melt spun Bi2(Te, Se)3 for n-type thermoelectric legs. Intermetallics (Barking) 19(7):1024\u20131031. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intermet.2011.03.006","journal-title":"Intermetallics (Barking)"},{"issue":"4","key":"9865_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-8949\/90\/4\/045802","volume":"90","author":"EMM Ibrahim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ibrahim EMM, Hakeem AMA, Adam AMM, Shokr EK (2015) Effect of heat treatment on the electrical and thermoelectric properties of Sb doped Bi2Se3. Phys Scr 90(4):045802. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/0031-8949\/90\/4\/045802","journal-title":"Phys Scr"},{"issue":"10","key":"9865_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1088\/0022-3719\/4\/10\/027","volume":"4","author":"DJ Ryden","year":"1971","unstructured":"Ryden DJ (1971) A comparison between the transport properties of single crystal, polycrystal and powder anisotropic semiconductors. J Phys C Solid State Phys 4(10):1193\u20131206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/0022-3719\/4\/10\/027","journal-title":"J Phys C Solid State Phys"},{"issue":"12","key":"9865_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3862","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.1c07256","volume":"10","author":"JD Musah","year":"2022","unstructured":"Musah JD et al (2022) Enhanced thermoelectric performance of bulk bismuth selenide: synergistic effect of indium and antimony co-doping. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 10(12):3862\u20133871. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acssuschemeng.1c07256","journal-title":"ACS Sustain Chem Eng"},{"issue":"22","key":"9865_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19511","DOI":"10.1007\/s10854-020-04383-7","volume":"31","author":"GS Hegde","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hegde GS, Prabhu AN, Huang RY, Kuo YK (2020) Reduction in thermal conductivity and electrical resistivity of indium and tellurium co-doped bismuth selenide thermoelectric system. J Mater Sci Mater Electron 31(22):19511\u201319525. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10854-020-04383-7","journal-title":"J Mater Sci Mater Electron"},{"key":"9865_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matchemphys.2021.125675","volume":"278","author":"GS Hegde","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hegde GS, Prabhu AN, Yang CF, Kuo YK (2022) Reduction in electrical resistivity of bismuth selenide single crystal via Sn and Te co-doping. Mater Chem Phys 278:125675. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.matchemphys.2021.125675","journal-title":"Mater Chem Phys"},{"issue":"12","key":"9865_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cap.2017.09.004","volume":"17","author":"C Kulsi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kulsi C, Kargupta K, Ganguly S, Banerjee D (2017) Enhanced thermoelectric performance of n-type bismuth selenide doped with nickel. Curr Appl Phys 17(12):1609\u20131615. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cap.2017.09.004","journal-title":"Curr Appl Phys"},{"issue":"4","key":"9865_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2010.12.010","volume":"37","author":"S Suwanboon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Suwanboon S, Amornpitoksuk P, Sukolrat A (2011) Dependence of optical properties on doping metal, crystallite size and defect concentration of M-doped ZnO nanopowders (M\u2009=\u2009Al, Mg, Ti). Ceram Int 37(4):1359\u20131365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ceramint.2010.12.010","journal-title":"Ceram Int"},{"key":"9865_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.materresbull.2021.111517","volume":"145","author":"GS Hegde","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hegde GS, Parol V, Rao A, Prabhu AN, Levinsky JJB, Blake GR (2022) Thermoelectric properties of co-doped (Bi0.98In0.02)2Te2.7Se0.3\/reduced graphene oxide composites prepared by solid-state reaction. Mater Res Bull 145:111517. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.materresbull.2021.111517","journal-title":"Mater Res Bull"},{"issue":"4","key":"9865_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1039\/d3su00451a","volume":"2","author":"U Ijaz","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ijaz U, Siyar M, Park C (2024) The power of pores: review on porous thermoelectric materials. RSC Sustain 2(4):852\u2013870. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d3su00451a","journal-title":"RSC Sustain"},{"key":"9865_CR17","unstructured":"Werner WS (2013) Related titles characterization of surfaces and nanostructures academic and industrial applications characterization of solid materials and heterogeneous catalysts from structure to surface reactivity characterization techniques for polymer nanocomposites basic concepts of X-Ray diffraction advanced characterization techniques for thin film solar cells. http:\/\/dnb.d-nb.de"},{"key":"9865_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enconman.2017.04.083","volume":"145","author":"AK Bohra","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bohra AK et al (2017) Tellurium-free thermoelectrics: improved thermoelectric performance of n-type Bi2Se3 having multiscale hierarchical architecture. Energy Convers Manag 145:415\u2013424. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.enconman.2017.04.083","journal-title":"Energy Convers Manag"},{"issue":"46","key":"9865_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-648X\/aa8f79","volume":"29","author":"P Giannozzi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Giannozzi P et al (2017) Advanced capabilities for materials modelling with quantum ESPRESSO. J Phys Condens Matter 29(46):465901. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1361-648X\/aa8f79","journal-title":"J Phys Condens Matter"},{"issue":"3","key":"9865_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s40243-020-00176-4","volume":"9","author":"MZ Mohyedin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mohyedin MZ et al (2020) Enhanced mechanism of thermoelectric performance of Bi2Se3 using density functional theory. Mater Renew Sustain Energy 9(3):15. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40243-020-00176-4","journal-title":"Mater Renew Sustain Energy"},{"issue":"17","key":"9865_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/14900927","volume":"105","author":"K Tyagi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tyagi K, Gahtori B, Bathula S, Auluck S, Dhar A (2014) Band structure and transport studies of copper selenide: an efficient thermoelectric material. Appl Phys Lett 105(17):173905. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/14900927","journal-title":"Appl Phys Lett"},{"issue":"1","key":"9865_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2006.03.007","volume":"175","author":"GKH Madsen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Madsen GKH, Singh DJ (2006) BoltzTraP. A code for calculating band-structure dependent quantities. Comput Phys Commun 175(1):67\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpc.2006.03.007","journal-title":"Comput Phys Commun"},{"issue":"8","key":"9865_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mattod.2017.02.007","volume":"20","author":"HS Kim","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kim HS, Heinz NA, Gibbs ZM, Tang Y, Kang SD, Snyder GJ (2017) High thermoelectric performance in (Bi0.25Sb0.75)2Te3 due to band convergence and improved by carrier concentration control. Mater Today 20(8):452\u2013459. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mattod.2017.02.007","journal-title":"Mater Today"},{"issue":"6","key":"9865_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1863440","volume":"86","author":"XB Zhao","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zhao XB, Ji XH, Zhang YH, Zhu TJ, Tu JP, Zhang XB (2005) Bismuth telluride nanotubes and the effects on the thermoelectric properties of nanotube-containing nanocomposites. Appl Phys Lett 86(6):1\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.1863440","journal-title":"Appl Phys Lett"},{"issue":"6","key":"9865_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1002\/crat.2170310616","volume":"31","author":"C Drasar","year":"1996","unstructured":"Drasar C, Klichova I, Koudelka L, Lostak P (1996) Transport coefficients of (Bi1\u2212xSbx)2Se3 single crystals. Cryst Res Technol 31(6):805\u2013812","journal-title":"Cryst Res Technol"},{"key":"9865_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2021.160328","volume":"877","author":"M Shtern","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shtern M et al (2021) Thermoelectric properties of efficient thermoelectric materials on the basis of bismuth and antimony chalcogenides for multisection thermoelements. J Alloys Compd 877:160328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jallcom.2021.160328","journal-title":"J Alloys Compd"},{"issue":"10","key":"9865_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3120","DOI":"10.1039\/c6ee02017h","volume":"9","author":"F Hao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hao F et al (2016) High efficiency Bi2Te3-based materials and devices for thermoelectric power generation between 100 and 300\u00a0\u00b0C. Energy Environ Sci 9(10):3120\u20133127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c6ee02017h","journal-title":"Energy Environ Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"9865_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1002\/crat.200800615","volume":"44","author":"P Jan\u00ed\u010dek","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jan\u00ed\u010dek P, Dra\u0161ar \u010c, Bene\u0161 L, Lo\u0161t\u00e1k P (2009) Thermoelectric properties of Tl-doped Bi2Se3 single crystals. Cryst Res Technol 44(5):505\u2013510. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crat.200800615","journal-title":"Cryst Res Technol"},{"issue":"2","key":"9865_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1039\/c2ee23549h","volume":"6","author":"W Liu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Liu W et al (2013) Studies on the Bi2Te3\u2013Bi2Se3\u2013Bi2S3 system for mid-temperature thermoelectric energy conversion. Energy Environ Sci 6(2):552\u2013560. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c2ee23549h","journal-title":"Energy Environ Sci"},{"key":"9865_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34133\/2020\/4589786","volume":"2020","author":"Y Zhu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhu Y et al (2020) Violation of the T \u22121 Relationship in the lattice thermal conductivity of Mg3Sb2 with locally asymmetric vibrations. Research 2020:4589786. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/2020\/4589786","journal-title":"Research"},{"issue":"19","key":"9865_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.79.195208","volume":"79","author":"YS Hor","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hor YS et al (2009) P-type Bi2 Se3 for topological insulator and low-temperature thermoelectric applications. Phys Rev B Condens Matter Mater Phys 79(19):195208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/PhysRevB.79.195208","journal-title":"Phys Rev B Condens Matter Mater Phys"},{"issue":"30","key":"9865_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6436","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201601256","volume":"28","author":"Devender","year":"2016","unstructured":"Devender et al (2016) Harnessing topological band effects in bismuth telluride selenide for large enhancements in thermoelectric properties through isovalent doping. Adv Mater 28(30):6436\u20136441. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adma.201601256","journal-title":"Adv Mater"},{"issue":"4","key":"9865_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2248","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.6b02930","volume":"56","author":"JB Vaney","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vaney JB et al (2017) Effect of isovalent substitution on the electronic structure and thermoelectric properties of the solid solution \u03b1-As2Te3-xSex (0\u2009\u2264\u2009x\u2009\u2264\u20091.5). Inorg Chem 56(4):2248\u20132257. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.6b02930","journal-title":"Inorg Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"9865_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/npjquantmats.2016.28","volume":"1","author":"J Mao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mao J, Liu Z, Ren Z (2016) Size effect in thermoelectric materials. npj Quantum Mater 1(1):1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/npjquantmats.2016.28","journal-title":"npj Quantum Mater"},{"key":"9865_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mser.2015.08.001","volume":"97","author":"AM Dehkordi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dehkordi AM, Zebarjadi M, He J, Tritt TM (2015) Thermoelectric power factor: enhancement mechanisms and strategies for higher performance thermoelectric materials. Mater Sci Eng R Rep 97:1\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mser.2015.08.001","journal-title":"Mater Sci Eng R Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"9865_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820-021-00637-z","volume":"13","author":"Q Zhu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhu Q et al (2021) Bottom-up engineering strategies for high-performance thermoelectric materials. Nano-Micro Lett 13(1):119. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40820-021-00637-z","journal-title":"Nano-Micro Lett"},{"issue":"11","key":"9865_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.95.115409","volume":"95","author":"S Demirci","year":"2017","unstructured":"Demirci S, Avazll N, Durgun E, Cahangirov S (2017) Structural and electronic properties of monolayer group III monochalcogenides. Phys Rev B 95(11):115409. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/PhysRevB.95.115409","journal-title":"Phys Rev B"},{"issue":"25","key":"9865_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6528\/ab07d9","volume":"30","author":"Z Hu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hu Z, Ding Y, Hu X, Zhou W, Yu X, Zhang S (2019) Recent progress in 2D group IV\u2013IV monochalcogenides: synthesis, properties, and applications. Nanotechnology 30(25):252001","journal-title":"Nanotechnology"},{"issue":"13","key":"9865_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7054","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.5b00514","volume":"7","author":"C Dun","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dun C et al (2015) Layered Bi2Se3 nanoplate\/polyvinylidene fluoride composite based n-type thermoelectric fabrics. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 7(13):7054\u20137059. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsami.5b00514","journal-title":"ACS Appl Mater Interfaces"},{"issue":"50","key":"9865_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20294","DOI":"10.1021\/ja3102049","volume":"134","author":"Y Sun","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sun Y et al (2012) Atomically thick bismuth selenide freestanding single layers achieving enhanced thermoelectric energy harvesting. J Am Chem Soc 134(50):20294\u201320297. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ja3102049","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"},{"key":"9865_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2021.158814","volume":"866","author":"GS Hegde","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hegde GS, Prabhu AN, Gao YH, Kuo YK, Reddy VR (2021) Potential thermoelectric materials of indium and tellurium co-doped bismuth selenide single crystals grown by melt growth technique. J Alloys Compd 866:158814. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jallcom.2021.158814","journal-title":"J Alloys Compd"},{"issue":"18","key":"9865_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0217984920502061","volume":"34","author":"Y Zhou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhou Y, Ge Z, Guo J, Feng J (2020) Thermoelectric properties of polycrystalline Bi2Se3\u2212x by powder compaction sintering. Mod Phys Lett B 34(18):2050206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/S0217984920502061","journal-title":"Mod Phys Lett B"},{"issue":"15","key":"9865_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6683","DOI":"10.1039\/c5nr00917k","volume":"7","author":"H Tang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tang H et al (2015) Thermoelectric characterization of individual bismuth selenide topological insulator nanoribbons. Nanoscale 7(15):6683\u20136690. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c5nr00917k","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"issue":"1","key":"9865_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11671-010-9795-7","volume":"6","author":"K Kadel","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kadel K, Kumari L, Li WZ, Huang JY, Provencio PP (2011) Synthesis and thermoelectric properties of Bi2Se3 nanostructures. Nanoscale Res Lett 6(1):1\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11671-010-9795-7","journal-title":"Nanoscale Res Lett"}],"container-title":["Journal of Materials Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10853-024-09865-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10853-024-09865-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10853-024-09865-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,3]],"date-time":"2024-07-03T15:35:14Z","timestamp":1720020914000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10853-024-09865-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"26","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["9865"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10853-024-09865-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2461","1573-4803"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2461","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-4803","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 November 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 June 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 June 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"I, Suchitra Shankar Puthran, hereby consciously assure that the manuscript is the author\u2019s original work, which has not been published elsewhere.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}