{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T01:10:53Z","timestamp":1792199453614,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]],"date-time":"2026-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779580800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]],"date-time":"2026-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004377","name":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004377","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Behav Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>University students in Hong Kong facing academic stress are prone to engage in emotional eating, that has detrimental physical and psychological effects. Addressing emotional eating through interventions like Mindfulness-Based Eating Awareness Training (MB-EAT), which effectively treats clinical eating disorders, is crucial, yet its effectiveness among students remains underexplored. A parallel group randomized controlled trial with 46 students (42 female, 4 male) evaluated the effect of a 10-week MB-EAT intervention, delivered through Zoom, on emotional eating (primary outcome), measured by the Salzburg Emotional Eating Scale at pre-, mid-, and post-intervention, with secondary measures of mood and mindfulness evaluated pre- and post-intervention. Students in the MB-EAT group showed greater reductions in emotional eating and improvements in depression and mindful eating. MB-EAT may offer greater long-term benefits for students with emotional eating by reducing negative psychosocial effects, helping students better cope with stress through emotion regulation and mindful eating skills.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-026-00673-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]],"date-time":"2026-05-24T16:58:37Z","timestamp":1779641917000},"page":"599-618","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mindfulness-based eating awareness training (MB-EAT) decreases emotional eating behavior among Hong Kong university students: a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2150-0341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dalinda Isabel","family":"Sanchez Vida\u00f1a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel Kwasi","family":"Ahorsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynette","family":"McCormack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roy Rongyue","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiev","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nestor","family":"Vinas Guasch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ngai-Man Jackie","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth Ka-Hei","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Cruz Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benson Wui-Man","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Way Kwok-Wai","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"673_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18031021","volume":"18","author":"S Abdul Basir","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abdul Basir, S., Munirah, S. M., Abdul Manaf, Z., Ahmad, A., Mahadir, A., Abdul Kadir, N. B., Ismail, W. N. K., Mat Ludin, A. F., & Shahar, S. (2021). Reliability and validity of the Malay mindful eating questionnaire (MEQ-M) among overweight and obese adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(3), 1021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph18031021","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"673_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2010.04.012","volume":"89","author":"A Abdullah","year":"2010","unstructured":"Abdullah, A., Peeters, A., de Courten, M., & Stoelwinder, J. (2010). The magnitude of association between overweight and obesity and the risk of diabetes: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 89(3), 309\u2013319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diabres.2010.04.012","journal-title":"Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice"},{"issue":"1","key":"673_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191105283504","volume":"13","author":"RA Baer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., Hopkins, J., Krietemeyer, J., & Toney, L. (2006). Using self-report assessment methods to explore facets of mindfulness. Assessment, 13(1), 27\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1073191105283504","journal-title":"Assessment"},{"issue":"1","key":"673_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x","volume":"57","author":"Y Benjamini","year":"1995","unstructured":"Benjamini, Y., & Hochberg, Y. (1995). Controlling the false discovery rate: A practical and powerful approach to multiple testing. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B: Statistical Methodology, 57(1), 289\u2013300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B: Statistical Methodology"},{"issue":"4","key":"673_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.84.4.822","volume":"84","author":"KW Brown","year":"2003","unstructured":"Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(4), 822\u2013848. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0022-3514.84.4.822","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"673_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1080\/10478400701598298","volume":"18","author":"KW Brown","year":"2007","unstructured":"Brown, K. W., Ryan, R. M., & Creswell, J. D. (2007). Mindfulness: Theoretical foundations and evidence for its salutary effects. Psychological Inquiry, 18(4), 211\u2013237. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10478400701598298","journal-title":"Psychological Inquiry"},{"issue":"2","key":"673_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15020295","volume":"15","author":"E Burnatowska","year":"2023","unstructured":"Burnatowska, E., Wikarek, A., Oboza, P., Ogarek, N., Glinianowicz, M., Kocelak, P., & Olszanecka-Glinianowicz, M. (2023). Emotional eating and binge eating disorders and night eating syndrome in polycystic ovary syndrome\u2014A vicious circle of disease: A systematic review. Nutrients, 15(2), 295. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu15020295","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"1","key":"673_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40359-023-01242-y","volume":"11","author":"C-H Cao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cao, C.-H., Liao, X.-L., Jiang, X.-Y., Li, X.-D., Chen, I.-H., & Lin, C.-Y. (2023). Psychometric evaluation of the depression, anxiety, and stress scale-21 (DASS-21) among Chinese primary and middle school teachers. BMC Psychology, 11(1), Article 209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40359-023-01242-y","journal-title":"BMC Psychology"},{"key":"673_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2015.08.011","volume":"57","author":"V Cardi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cardi, V., Leppanen, J., & Treasure, J. (2015). The effects of negative and positive mood induction on eating behaviour: A meta-analysis of laboratory studies in the healthy population and eating and weight disorders. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 57, 299\u2013309. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2015.08.011","journal-title":"Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"key":"673_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2021.09.011","volume":"143","author":"M Cavicchioli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cavicchioli, M., Scalabrini, A., Northoff, G., Mucci, C., Ogliari, A., & Maffei, C. (2021). Dissociation and emotion regulation strategies: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 143, 370\u2013387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2021.09.011","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatric Research"},{"issue":"9","key":"673_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.47405\/mjssh.v6i9.983","volume":"6","author":"S-H Cheng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cheng, S.-H., & Wong, S. E. (2021). Stress, emotional eating and food choices among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 6(9), Article Article 9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.47405\/mjssh.v6i9.983","journal-title":"Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH)"},{"issue":"5","key":"673_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15051173","volume":"15","author":"A Dakanalis","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dakanalis, A., Mentzelou, M., Papadopoulou, S. K., Papandreou, D., Spanoudaki, M., Vasios, G. K., Pavlidou, E., Mantzorou, M., & Giaginis, C. (2023). The association of emotional eating with overweight\/obesity, depression, anxiety\/stress, and dietary patterns: A review of the current clinical evidence. Nutrients, 15(5), Article 1173. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu15051173","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"673_CR13","volume-title":"DATAtab: Online statistics calculator","author":"DATATab team","year":"2025","unstructured":"DATATab team. (2025). DATAtab: Online statistics calculator. DATAtab e.U."},{"issue":"1","key":"673_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-019-4020-1","volume":"21","author":"T Debeuf","year":"2020","unstructured":"Debeuf, T., Verbeken, S., Boelens, E., Volkaert, B., Van Malderen, E., Michels, N., & Braet, C. (2020). Emotion regulation training in the treatment of obesity in young adolescents: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials, 21(1), Article 153. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13063-019-4020-1","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"5","key":"673_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14051045","volume":"14","author":"C Du","year":"2022","unstructured":"Du, C., Adjepong, M., Zan, M. C. H., Cho, M. J., Fenton, J. I., Hsiao, P. Y., Keaver, L., Lee, H., Ludy, M.-J., Shen, W., Swee, W. C. S., Thrivikraman, J., Amoah-Agyei, F., de Kanter, E., Wang, W., & Tucker, R. M. (2022). Gender differences in the relationships between perceived stress, eating behaviors, sleep, dietary risk, and body mass index. Nutrients, 14(5), Article 1045. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu14051045","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"3","key":"673_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1080\/00940771.2021.1893593","volume":"52","author":"A Duane","year":"2021","unstructured":"Duane, A., Casimir, A. E., Mims, L. C., Kaler-Jones, C., & Simmons, D. (2021). Beyond deep breathing: A new vision for equitable, culturally responsive, and trauma-informed mindfulness practice. Middle School Journal, 52(3), 4\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00940771.2021.1893593","journal-title":"Middle School Journal"},{"key":"673_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2013.04.007","volume":"68","author":"C Evers","year":"2013","unstructured":"Evers, C., Adriaanse, M., de Ridder, D. T. D., & de Witt Huberts, J. C. (2013). Good mood food. Positive emotion as a neglected trigger for food intake. Appetite, 68, 1\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.appet.2013.04.007","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"issue":"18","key":"673_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17186653","volume":"17","author":"BYF Fong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fong, B. Y. F., Wong, M. C. S., Law, V. T. S., Lo, M. F., Ng, T. K. C., Yee, H. H. L., Leung, T. C. H., & Ho, P. W. T. (2020). Relationships between physical and social behavioural changes and the mental status of homebound residents in Hong Kong during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(18), Article Article 18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17186653","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"673_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jada.2009.05.006","volume":"109","author":"C Framson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Framson, C., Kristal, A. R., Schenk, J. M., Littman, A. J., Zeliadt, S., & Benitez, D. (2009). Development and validation of the mindful eating questionnaire. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 109(8), 1439\u20131444. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jada.2009.05.006","journal-title":"Journal of the American Dietetic Association"},{"issue":"4","key":"673_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-021-09700-x","volume":"23","author":"A Godet","year":"2022","unstructured":"Godet, A., Fortier, A., Bannier, E., Coquery, N., & Val-Laillet, D. (2022). Interactions between emotions and eating behaviors: Main issues, neuroimaging contributions, and innovative preventive or corrective strategies. Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders, 23(4), 807\u2013831. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11154-021-09700-x","journal-title":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders"},{"issue":"16","key":"673_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14163289","volume":"14","author":"M Grajek","year":"2022","unstructured":"Grajek, M., Krupa-Kotara, K., Bia\u0142ek-Dratwa, A., Sta\u015bkiewicz, W., Rozmiarek, M., Misterska, E., & Sas-Nowosielski, K. (2022). Prevalence of emotional eating in groups of students with varied diets and physical activity in Poland. Nutrients, 14(16), Article 3289. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu14163289","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"2","key":"673_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.85.2.348","volume":"85","author":"JJ Gross","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (2003). Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: Implications for affect, relationships, and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(2), 348\u2013362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0022-3514.85.2.348","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"673_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2020.104808","volume":"155","author":"J He","year":"2020","unstructured":"He, J., Chen, G., Wu, S., Niu, R., & Fan, X. (2020). Patterns of negative emotional eating among Chinese young adults: A latent class analysis. Appetite, 155, Article 104808. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.appet.2020.104808","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"673_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1348\/014466505X29657","volume":"44","author":"JD Henry","year":"2005","unstructured":"Henry, J. D., & Crawford, J. R. (2005). The short-form version of the depression anxiety stress scales (DASS-21): Construct validity and normative data in a large non-clinical sample. The British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 44(Pt 2), 227\u2013239. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1348\/014466505X29657","journal-title":"The British Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"issue":"23","key":"673_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182312290","volume":"18","author":"S-J Hepburn","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hepburn, S.-J., Carroll, A., & McCuaig, L. (2021). The relationship between mindful attention awareness, perceived stress, and subjective wellbeing. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(23), Article 12290. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph182312290","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"key":"673_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1093\/clipsy.bpg016","volume":"10","author":"J Kabat-Zinn","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kabat-Zinn, J. (2003). Mindfulness-based interventions in context: Past, present, and future. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10, 144\u2013156. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/clipsy.bpg016","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice"},{"issue":"2","key":"673_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2014.01.005","volume":"15","author":"SN Katterman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Katterman, S. N., Kleinman, B. M., Hood, M. M., Nackers, L. M., & Corsica, J. A. (2014). Mindfulness meditation as an intervention for binge eating, emotional eating, and weight loss: A systematic review. Eating Behaviors, 15(2), 197\u2013204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2014.01.005","journal-title":"Eating Behaviors"},{"key":"673_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Khan, Z., & Zadeh, Z. F. (2014). Mindful eating and its relationship with mental well-being. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5th World Conference on Psychology, Counseling and Guidance, WCPCG-2014, 1\u20133 May 2014, Dubrovnik, Croatia, 159, 69\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sbspro.2014.12.330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2014.12.330"},{"key":"673_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2014.12.044","volume":"81","author":"LG Kiken","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kiken, L. G., Garland, E. L., Bluth, K., Palsson, O. S., & Gaylord, S. A. (2015). From a state to a trait: Trajectories of state mindfulness in meditation during intervention predict changes in trait mindfulness. Personality and Individual Differences, 81, 41\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.paid.2014.12.044","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"key":"673_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kristeller, J. L., & Wolever, R. Q. (2014). Chapter 6 - Mindfulness-based eating awareness training: Treatment of overeating and obesity. In R. A. Baer (Ed.), Mindfulness-based treatment approaches (2nd ed., pp. 119\u2013139). Academic Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-12-416031-6.00006-2","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-416031-6.00006-2"},{"issue":"3","key":"673_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1177\/135910539900400305","volume":"4","author":"JL Kristeller","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kristeller, J. L., & Hallett, C. B. (1999). An exploratory study of a meditation-based intervention for binge eating disorder. Journal of Health Psychology, 4(3), 357\u2013363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/135910539900400305","journal-title":"Journal of Health Psychology"},{"key":"673_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.01271","volume":"9","author":"JL Kristeller","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kristeller, J. L., & Jordan, K. D. (2018). Mindful eating: Connecting with the wise self, the spiritual self. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, Article 1271. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.01271","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"673_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1007\/s12671-012-0179-1","volume":"5","author":"J Kristeller","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kristeller, J., Wolever, R. Q., & Sheets, V. (2014). Mindfulness-based eating awareness training (MB-EAT) for binge eating: A randomized clinical trial. Mindfulness, 5(3), 282\u2013297. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12671-012-0179-1","journal-title":"Mindfulness"},{"issue":"4","key":"673_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5539\/ijps.v8n4p91","volume":"8","author":"JMY Kwok","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kwok, J. M. Y., & Ng, D. K. S. (2016). A study of the perceived stress level of university students in Hong Kong. International Journal of Psychological Studies, 8(4), Article Article 4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5539\/ijps.v8n4p91","journal-title":"International Journal of Psychological Studies"},{"key":"673_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2025.1614234","author":"P Larionow","year":"2025","unstructured":"Larionow, P., Ocalewski, J., Mud\u0142o-G\u0142agolska, K., Michalak, M., & Mazur, M. (2025). The clinical significance of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression across positive and negative emotions: Evidence on the Polish version of the emotion regulation questionnaire \u2013 Positive\/Negative (ERQ-PN). Frontiers in Psychiatry. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2025.1614234","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"673_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-019-00667-y","volume":"25","author":"P Lattimore","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lattimore, P. (2020). Mindfulness-based emotional eating awareness training: Taking the emotional out of eating. Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity, 25(3), 649\u2013657. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40519-019-00667-y","journal-title":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity"},{"issue":"12","key":"673_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.20326","volume":"62","author":"MA Lau","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lau, M. A., Bishop, S. R., Segal, Z. V., Buis, T., Anderson, N. D., Carlson, L., Shapiro, S., Carmody, J., Abbey, S., & Devins, G. (2006). The Toronto mindfulness scale: Development and validation. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62(12), 1445\u20131467. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jclp.20326","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"673_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2014.03.012","volume":"15","author":"ME Levin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Levin, M. E., Dalrymple, K., Himes, S., & Zimmerman, M. (2014). Which facets of mindfulness are related to problematic eating among patients seeking bariatric surgery? Eating Behaviors, 15(2), 298\u2013305. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2014.03.012","journal-title":"Eating Behaviors"},{"key":"673_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2021.105215","volume":"163","author":"J Ling","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ling, J., & Zahry, N. R. (2021). Relationships among perceived stress, emotional eating, and dietary intake in college students: Eating self-regulation as a mediator. Appetite, 163, Article 105215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.appet.2021.105215","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"issue":"6","key":"673_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12061595","volume":"12","author":"H Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu, H., Yang, Q., Luo, J., Ouyang, Y., Sun, M., Xi, Y., Yong, C., Caihong, X., & Lin, Q. (2020). Association between emotional eating, depressive symptoms and laryngopharyngeal reflux symptoms in college students: A cross-sectional study in Hunan. Nutrients, 12(6), 1595. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu12061595","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"673_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Manual for the depression anxiety stress scales. In Psychology Foundation of Australia (Vol. 56).","DOI":"10.1037\/t01004-000"},{"key":"673_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-1834873\/v1","author":"M Macht","year":"2022","unstructured":"Macht, M. (2022). Reduction of emotional eating with a mindfulness-based group training: A randomized controlled experience-sampling study. Research Square. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21203\/rs.3.rs-1834873\/v1","journal-title":"Research Square"},{"key":"673_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2016.02.009","volume":"100","author":"AE Mason","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mason, A. E., Epel, E. S., Aschbacher, K., Lustig, R. H., Acree, M., Kristeller, J., Cohn, M., Dallman, M., Moran, P. J., Bacchetti, P., Laraia, B., Hecht, F. M., & Daubenmier, J. (2016). Reduced reward-driven eating accounts for the impact of a mindfulness-based diet and exercise intervention on weight loss: Data from the SHINE randomized controlled trial. Appetite, 100, 86\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.appet.2016.02.009","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"key":"673_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2021.105464","volume":"166","author":"DR Mercado","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mercado, D. R., Lauren, G., Gemma, W., Jessica, W., Campbell, I. C., & Schmidt, U. (2021). The outcomes of mindfulness-based interventions for obesity and binge eating disorder: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Appetite, 166, Article 105464. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.appet.2021.105464","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"key":"673_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.00088","author":"A Meule","year":"2018","unstructured":"Meule, A., Reichenberger, J., & Blechert, J. (2018a). Development and preliminary validation of the Salzburg emotional eating scale. Frontiers in Psychology. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.00088","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"673_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2017.10.003","volume":"120","author":"A Meule","year":"2018","unstructured":"Meule, A., Reichenberger, J., & Blechert, J. (2018b). Development and preliminary validation of the Salzburg stress eating scale. Appetite, 120, 442\u2013448. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.appet.2017.10.003","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"issue":"1","key":"673_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18502\/kls.v4i1.1361","volume":"4","author":"NP Muharrani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Muharrani, N. P., Achmad, E. K., & Sudiarti, T. (2018). Effects of restrained, external, and emotional eating styles on weight gain among female students at Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia. KnE Life Sciences, 4(1), Article 8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18502\/kls.v4i1.1361","journal-title":"KnE Life Sciences"},{"issue":"5","key":"673_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1007\/S40596-014-0205-9","volume":"39","author":"P Pedrelli","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pedrelli, P., Nyer, M., Yeung, A., Zulauf, C., & Wilens, T. (2015). College students: Mental health problems and treatment considerations. Academic Psychiatry, 39(5), 503. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S40596-014-0205-9","journal-title":"Academic Psychiatry"},{"key":"673_CR49","unstructured":"Portney, L. G., & Watkins, M. P. (2017). In Foundations of clinical research: Applications to practice (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill Education. https:\/\/fadavispt.mhmedical.com\/content.aspx?aid=1138249379"},{"issue":"3","key":"673_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1080\/00223891.2018.1564319","volume":"102","author":"DA Preece","year":"2020","unstructured":"Preece, D. A., Becerra, R., Robinson, K., & Gross, J. J. (2020). The emotion regulation questionnaire: Psychometric properties in general community samples. Journal of Personality Assessment, 102(3), 348\u2013356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00223891.2018.1564319","journal-title":"Journal of Personality Assessment"},{"issue":"7","key":"673_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.3788","volume":"1","author":"H Riaz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Riaz, H., Khan, M. S., Siddiqi, T. J., Usman, M. S., Shah, N., Goyal, A., Khan, S. S., Mookadam, F., Krasuski, R. A., & Ahmed, H. (2018). Association between obesity and cardiovascular outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of Mendelian randomization studies. JAMA Network Open, 1(7), Article e183788. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.3788","journal-title":"JAMA Network Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"673_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.edurev.2010.12.001","volume":"6","author":"JTE Richardson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Richardson, J. T. E. (2011). Eta squared and partial eta squared as measures of effect size in educational research. Educational Research Review, 6(2), 135\u2013147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.edurev.2010.12.001","journal-title":"Educational Research Review"},{"key":"673_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.03.050","volume":"380","author":"C Salias","year":"2025","unstructured":"Salias, C., Gross, J. J., Petrova, K., Forbush, K. T., & Preece, D. A. (2025). Eating disorder symptoms and profiles of emotion regulation strategy use. Journal of Affective Disorders, 380, 94\u2013103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2025.03.050","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"key":"673_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2022.106131","volume":"177","author":"V Salvo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Salvo, V., Curado, D. F., Sanudo, A., Kristeller, J., Schveitzer, M. C., Favarato, M. L., Isidoro, W., & Demarzo, M. (2022). Comparative effectiveness of mindfulness and mindful eating programmes among low-income overweight women in primary health care: A randomised controlled pragmatic study with psychological, biochemical, and anthropometric outcomes. Appetite, 177, Article 106131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.appet.2022.106131","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"key":"673_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.857147","author":"DTL Shek","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shek, D. T. L., Dou, D., & Zhu, X. (2022). Prevalence and correlates of mental health of university students in Hong Kong: What happened one year after the occurrence of COVID-19? Frontiers in Public Health. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2022.857147","journal-title":"Frontiers in Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"673_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20032722","volume":"20","author":"J Smith","year":"2023","unstructured":"Smith, J., Ang, X. Q., Giles, E. L., & Traviss-Turner, G. (2023). Emotional eating interventions for adults living with overweight or obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(3), Article Article 3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph20032722","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"673_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-10531-3","volume":"21","author":"KYP Sze","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sze, K. Y. P., Lee, E. K. P., Chan, R. H. W., & Kim, J. H. (2021). Prevalence of negative emotional eating and its associated psychosocial factors among urban Chinese undergraduates in Hong Kong: A cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 21(1), Article 583. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-021-10531-3","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"673_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2015.7","volume":"17","author":"Y-Y Tang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tang, Y.-Y., H\u00f6lzel, B. K., & Posner, M. I. (2016). Traits and states in mindfulness meditation. Nature Reviews. Neuroscience, 17(1), 1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrn.2015.7","journal-title":"Nature Reviews. Neuroscience"},{"key":"673_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-024-01375-x","author":"Z Ungvari","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ungvari, Z., Fekete, M., Varga, P., Lehoczki, A., Fekete, J. T., Ungvari, A., & Gy\u0151rffy, B. (2024). Overweight and obesity significantly increase colorectal cancer risk: A meta-analysis of 66 studies revealing a 25\u201357% elevation in risk. GeroScience. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11357-024-01375-x","journal-title":"GeroScience"},{"issue":"2","key":"673_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-108X(198602)5:2<295::AID-EAT2260050209>3.0.CO;2-T","volume":"5","author":"T van Strien","year":"1986","unstructured":"van Strien, T., Frijters, J. E. R., Bergers, G. P. A., & Defares, P. B. (1986). The Dutch eating behavior questionnaire (DEBQ) for assessment of restrained, emotional, and external eating behavior. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 5(2), 295\u2013315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/1098-108X(198602)5:2%3c295::AID-EAT2260050209%3e3.0.CO;2-T","journal-title":"International Journal of Eating Disorders"},{"issue":"2","key":"673_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954422417000154","volume":"30","author":"JM Warren","year":"2017","unstructured":"Warren, J. M., Smith, N., & Ashwell, M. (2017). A structured literature review on the role of mindfulness, mindful eating and intuitive eating in changing eating behaviours: Effectiveness and associated potential mechanisms. Nutrition Research Reviews, 30(2), 272\u2013283. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0954422417000154","journal-title":"Nutrition Research Reviews"},{"issue":"6","key":"673_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1007\/s12671-018-1064-3","volume":"10","author":"TS Watford","year":"2019","unstructured":"Watford, T. S., Braden, A. L., & Emley, E. A. (2019). Mediation of the association between mindfulness and emotional eating among overweight individuals. Mindfulness, 10(6), 1153\u20131162. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12671-018-1064-3","journal-title":"Mindfulness"},{"key":"673_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-025-04972-1","volume":"25","author":"Y Wei","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wei, Y., Xu, Y., Chen, W., Zheng, J., Chen, H., & Chen, S. (2025). Can heart rate variability demonstrate the effects and the levels of mindfulness? A repeated-measures study on experienced and novice mindfulness practitioners. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, 25, 231. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12906-025-04972-1","journal-title":"BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies"},{"key":"673_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2024.101899","volume":"54","author":"Y Xu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xu, Y., Song, J., Ren, Y., Barnhart, W. R., Dixit, U., Ji, F., Chen, C., & He, J. (2024). Negative emotional eating patterns in general Chinese adults: A replication and expansion study examining group differences in eating disorder symptomatology, psychosocial impairment, and emotion regulation difficulties. Eating Behaviors, 54, Article 101899. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2024.101899","journal-title":"Eating Behaviors"},{"key":"673_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1499705","author":"M Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang, M., Wang, X., Zhang, Y., Qian, W., & Tang, Y. (2024). Mindfulness acting with awareness and emotional eating among polycystic ovary syndrome women with infertility: The mediating role of depression. Frontiers in Psychology. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1499705","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"673_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PR9.0000000000000759","volume":"4","author":"F Zeidan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zeidan, F., Baumgartner, J. N., & Coghill, R. C. (2019). The neural mechanisms of mindfulness-based pain relief: A functional magnetic resonance imaging-based review and primer. Pain Reports, 4(4), Article e759. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PR9.0000000000000759","journal-title":"Pain Reports"},{"issue":"6","key":"673_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1002\/pchj.385","volume":"9","author":"L Zhou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhou, L., Zhang, N., Zhou, Y., & Xu, W. (2020). The dynamic relationship between state mindfulness and negative emotions. PsyCh Journal, 9(6), 903\u2013910. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pchj.385","journal-title":"PsyCh Journal"}],"container-title":["Journal of Behavioral Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10865-026-00673-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10865-026-00673-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10865-026-00673-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T18:57:42Z","timestamp":1784573862000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10865-026-00673-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["673"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10865-026-00673-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0160-7715","1573-3521"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0160-7715","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-3521","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}