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However, the overall influence of c-aAb on immunocompetence remains largely unknown. In this paper, we performed a large-scale investigation of c-aAb association with infection risk. A cohort of healthy Danish blood donors was screened for c-aAb against IL-1\u03b1, IL-6, IL-10, IFN\u03b1, and GM-CSF using a Luminex-based multiplex assay, and results were linked to data from the Danish National Prescription Registry. The filing of an antimicrobial prescription following c-aAb measurement was used as a proxy for impaired immunocompetence. We found that c-aAb against pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN\u03b1 and GM-CSF tended to associate with increased risk of prescription filings in women, whereas antibodies against anti-inflammatory IL-10 were associated with a lower predicted risk of antimicrobial prescriptions, as well as higher self-perceived health scores. We also observed an association of cumulative c-aAb presence with prescription risk. Our data show that cytokine autoantibodies in healthy individuals associate with various proxies for immunomodulation, with the exact association dependent on the pattern of pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines targeted. This suggests that c-aAb may express cytokine-modulatory properties in healthy individuals and may be critical to further investigate as biomarkers of immunodeficiency.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-020-00744-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,15]],"date-time":"2020-01-15T10:02:35Z","timestamp":1579082555000},"page":"367-377","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Cytokine Autoantibodies Are Associated with Infection Risk and Self-Perceived Health: Results from the Danish Blood Donor Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4591-3052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakob H.","family":"von Stemann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ole B.","family":"Pedersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Hjalgrim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Erikstrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Ullum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lise W.","family":"Th\u00f8rner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margit AH.","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristoffer S.","family":"Burgdorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"S\u00f8rensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morten B.","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sisse R.","family":"Ostrowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"744_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-019-0131-x","volume":"19","author":"G Altan-Bonnet","year":"2019","unstructured":"Altan-Bonnet G, Mukherjee R. 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