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Patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) have inflammatory complications associated with gut microbial dysbiosis. We hypothesized that CVID patients have disturbed TG\/VLDL profiles associated with these clinical characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We measured plasma concentrations of TGs, inflammatory markers, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in 95 CVID patients and 28 healthy controls. Additionally, in 40 CVID patients, we explored plasma lipoprotein profiling, fatty acid, gut microbial dysbiosis, and diet.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>TG levels were increased in CVID patients as compared to healthy controls (1.36\u2009\u00b1\u20090.53\u00a0mmol\/l versus 1.08\u2009\u00b1\u20090.56 [mean, SD], respectively, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.008), particularly in the clinical subgroup \u201c<jats:italic>Complications<\/jats:italic>,\u201d characterized by autoimmunity and organ-specific inflammation, compared to \u201c<jats:italic>Infection only<\/jats:italic>\u201d (1.41\u00a0mmol\/l, 0.71[median, IQR] versus [1.02\u00a0mmol\/l, 0.50], <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.021). Lipoprotein profile analyses showed increased levels of all sizes of VLDL particles in CVID patients compared to controls. TG levels correlated positively with CRP (rho\u2009=\u20090.256, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.015), IL-6 (rho\u2009=\u20090.237, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.021), IL-12 (rho\u2009=\u20090.265, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009), LPS (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.654, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20096.59\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u221213<\/jats:sup>), CVID-specific gut dysbiosis index (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.315, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.048), and inversely with a favorable fatty acid profile (docosahexaenoic acid [rho\u2009=\u2009\u2009\u2212\u20090.369, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.021] and linoleic acid [rho\u2009=\u2009\u2009\u2212\u20090.375, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.019]). TGs and VLDL lipids did not appear to be associated with diet and there were no differences in body mass index (BMI) between CVID patients and controls.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We found increased plasma levels of TGs and all sizes of VLDL particles, which were associated with systemic inflammation, LPS, and gut dysbiosis in CVID, but not diet or BMI.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-023-01475-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,30]],"date-time":"2023-03-30T04:02:37Z","timestamp":1680148957000},"page":"1229-1240","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Increased Plasma Levels of Triglyceride-Enriched Lipoproteins Associate with Systemic Inflammation, Lipopolysaccharides, and Gut Dysbiosis in Common Variable Immunodeficiency"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Magnhild E.","family":"Macpherson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tonje","family":"Skarpengland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes R.","family":"Hov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trine","family":"Ranheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beate","family":"Vestad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tuva B.","family":"Dahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mai S. 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BMC Med Res Methodol. 2012;12:143.","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10875-023-01475-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10875-023-01475-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10875-023-01475-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,18]],"date-time":"2023-07-18T11:06:36Z","timestamp":1689678396000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10875-023-01475-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,30]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["1475"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10875-023-01475-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0271-9142","1573-2592"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0271-9142","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-2592","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 December 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 March 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 March 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by The Regional Committee for Medical and Research Ethics, South East Norway (protocol number 2013\/1037 and 33256).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Written informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all participants. All patients signed informed consent regarding publishing their data.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate and for Publication."}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}}]}}