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In vitro responses of human coronary endothelial cells to plasma stimulation were investigated with and without IL-17RA neutralization. A murine model of <jats:italic>Lactobacillus casei<\/jats:italic> cell-wall extract (LCWE)-induced CA using wild-type Balb\/c and <jats:italic>Il17ra<\/jats:italic>-deficient mice were also inspected.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The plasma levels of IL-17\u00a0A were significantly higher in KD patients before intravenous immunoglobulin therapy, especially in those with coronary artery lesion. The pre-IVIG IL-17\u00a0A levels positively correlated with maximal z scores of coronary diameters and plasma-induced endothelial mRNA levels of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand-1, IL-8, and IL-17RA. IL-17RA blockade significantly reduced such endothelial upregulations of aforementioned three genes and inducible nitric oxide synthase, and neutrophil transmigration. IL-17RA expression was enhanced on peripheral blood mononuclear cells in pre-IVIG KD patients, and in the aortic rings and spleens of the LCWE-stimulated mice. LCWE-induced CA composed of dual-positive Ly6G- and IL-17\u00a0A-stained infiltrates. <jats:italic>Il17ra<\/jats:italic>-deficient mice showed reduced CA severity with the fewer number of neutrophils and lower early inducible nitric oxide synthase and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand-1 mRNA expressions than <jats:italic>Il17ra<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>+\/+<\/jats:sup> littermates, and absent IL-17RA upregulation at aortic roots.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>IL-17\u00a0A\/IL-17RA axis may play a role in mediating aortic neutrophil chemoattraction, thus contributory to the severity of CA in both humans and mice. These findings may help to develop a new therapeutic strategy toward ameliorating KD-related CA.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-024-01673-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T16:18:48Z","timestamp":1709828328000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Involvement of IL-17\u00a0A\/IL-17 Receptor A with Neutrophil Recruitment and the Severity of Coronary Arteritis in Kawasaki Disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5425-7619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I-Chun","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jau-Ling","family":"Suen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shau-Ku","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming-Hui","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsuan-Chang","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mao-Hung","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuang-Che","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1673_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.54.3.271","volume":"54","author":"T Kawasaki","year":"1974","unstructured":"Kawasaki T, Kosaki F, Okawa S, Shigematsu I, Yanagawa H. 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All animal experiments were approved by Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC nos. 2016033001 and 2020092903) and performed in accordance with the guidelines for Animal Experiments of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the parents or guardians of all participants before study participation.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of financial or non-financial interests that are directly or indirectly related to the work submitted for publication.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of Interest\/Competing Interests"}}],"article-number":"77"}}