{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T12:02:52Z","timestamp":1782302572459,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,9]],"date-time":"2024-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709942400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,9]],"date-time":"2024-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709942400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Alma Mater Studiorum - Universit\u00e0 di Bologna"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Monit Comput"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lung ultrasound (LUS) is widely used as a diagnostic and monitoring tool in critically ill patients. Lung ultrasound score (LUSS) based on the examination of twelve thoracic regions has been extensively validated for pulmonary assessment. However, it has revealed significant limitations: when applied to heterogeneous lung diseases with intermediate LUSS pattern (LUSS 1 and 2), for instance, intra-observer consistency is relatively low. In addition, LUSS is time-consuming and a more rapid overview of the extent of lung pathology and residual lung aeration is often required, especially in emergency setting. We propose a Visual Lung Ultrasound Protocol (VLUP) as a rapid monitoring tool for patients with acute respiratory failure. It consists of a probe sliding along the mid-clavicular, mid-axillary and scapular lines in transversal scan. VLUP allows a visualization of a large portion of the antero-lateral and\/or posterior pleural surface. Serial assessments of two clinical cases are recorded and visually compared, enabling rapid understanding of lung damage and its evolution over time. VLUP allows a semi-quantitative and qualitative point-of-care assessment of lung injury. Through this standardized approach it is possible to accurately compare subsequent scans and to monitor the evolution of regional parenchymal damage. VLUP enables a quick estimation of the quantitative-LUSS (qLUSS) as the percentage of pleura occupied by artifacts, more suitable than LUSS in inhomogeneous diseases. VLUP is designed as a standardized, point-of-care lung aeration assessment and monitoring tool. The purpose of the paper is to illustrate this new technique and to describe its applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-024-01144-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,9]],"date-time":"2024-03-09T10:01:37Z","timestamp":1709978497000},"page":"741-746","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Visual lung ultrasound protocol (VLUP) in acute respiratory failure: description and application in clinical cases"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Bianchini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene Sbaraini","family":"Zernini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Notini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Zangheri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Felicani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Vitale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Siniscalchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"1144_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-012-2513-4","volume":"38","author":"G Volpicelli","year":"2012","unstructured":"Volpicelli G, Elbarbary M, Blaivas M, Lichtenstein DA, Mathis G, Kirkpatrick AW, International Liaison Committee on Lung Ultrasound (ILC-LUS) for International Consensus Conference on Lung Ultrasound (ICC-LUS). International evidence-based recommendations for point-of-care lung ultrasound. Intensive Care Med. 2012;38:577\u201391.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"1144_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Demi L, Wolfram F, Klersy C, De Silvestri A, Ferretti VV, Muller M, Miller D, Feletti F, We\u0142nicki M, Buda N, Skoczylas A, Pomiecko A, Damjanovic D, Olszewski R, Kirkpatrick AW, Breitkreutz R, Mathis G, Soldati G, Smargiassi A, Inchingolo R, Perrone T. New International Guidelines and Consensus on the Use of Lung Ultrasound. J Ultrasound Med., Mento F, Khan U, Faita F, Smargiassi A, Inchingolo R, Perrone T, Demi L. State of the Art in Lung Ultrasound, Shifting from Qualitative to Quantitative Analyses. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2022;48(12):2398\u20132416. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2022.07.007. Epub 2022 Sep 23.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2022.07.007"},{"issue":"1","key":"1144_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10678","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-90153-2","volume":"11","author":"MH Lerchbaumer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lerchbaumer MH, Lauryn JH, Bachmann U, Enghard P, Fischer T, Grune J, Hegemann N, Khadzhynov D, Kruse JM, Lehner LJ, Lindner T, Oezkan T, Zickler D, Kuebler WM, Hamm B, Eckardt KU, Muench F. Point-of-care lung ultrasound in COVID-19 patients: inter- and intra-observer agreement in a prospective observational study. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):10678.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"1144_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000003757","volume":"134","author":"S Mongodi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mongodi S, De Luca D, Colombo A, Stella A, Santangelo E, Corradi F, Gargani L, Rovida S, Volpicelli G, Bouhemad B, Mojoli F. Quantitative lung Ultrasound: technical aspects and clinical applications. Anesthesiology. 2021;134(6):949\u201365.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"1144_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201802-0236CI","volume":"199","author":"F Mojoli","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mojoli F, Bouhemad B, Mongodi S, Lichtenstein D. Lung ultrasound for critically ill patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019;199(6):701\u201314.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"1144_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-120260","volume":"38","author":"S Mongodi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mongodi S, Bouhemad B, Orlando A, Stella A, Tavazzi G, Via G, Iotti GA, Braschi A, Mojoli F. Modified lung ultrasound score for assessing and Monitoring Pulmonary Aeration. Ultraschall Med. 2017;38(5):530\u20137.","journal-title":"Ultraschall Med"},{"key":"1144_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.15285","volume":"39","author":"G Soldati","year":"2020","unstructured":"Soldati G, Smargiassi A, Inchingolo R, Buonsenso D, Perrone T, Briganti DF, Perlini S, Torri E, Mariani A, Mossolani EE, Tursi F, Mento F, Demi L. Proposal for international standardization of the use of lung ultrasound for patients with COVID-19. J Ultrasound Med. 2020;39:1413\u20139.","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1144_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s13089-016-0045-9","volume":"8","author":"G Tusman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tusman G, Acosta CM, Costantini M. Ultrasonography for the assessment of lung recruitment maneuvers. Crit Ultrasound J. 2016;8(1):8.","journal-title":"Crit Ultrasound J"},{"issue":"9","key":"1144_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.23736\/S0375-9393.21.15188-0","volume":"87","author":"DG Biasucci","year":"2021","unstructured":"Biasucci DG, Buonsenso D, Piano A, Bonadia N, Vargas J, Settanni D, Bocci MG, Grieco DL, Carnicelli A, Scoppettuolo G, Eleuteri D, DE Pascale G, Pennisi MA, Franceschi F, Antonelli M. Gemelli Against COVID-19 Group. Lung ultrasound predicts non-invasive ventilation outcome in COVID-19 acute respiratory failure: a pilot study. Minerva Anestesiol. 2021;87(9):1006\u201316.","journal-title":"Minerva Anestesiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1144_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1882-5615","volume":"44","author":"RD Jarman","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jarman RD, McDermott C, Jenssen C, Sidhu PS, et al. EFSUMB Clinical Practice guidelines for Point-of-care Ultrasound: Part one (Common Heart and Pulmonary Applications) LONG VERSION. Ultraschall Med. 2023;44(1):e1\u2013e24.","journal-title":"Ultraschall Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1144_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-03369-5","volume":"24","author":"A Hussain","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hussain A, Via G, Melniker L, Goffi A, Tavazzi G, Neri L, Villen T, Hoppmann R, Mojoli F, Noble V, Zieleskiewicz L, Blanco P, Ma IWY, Wahab MA, Alsaawi A, Al Salamah M, Balik M, Barca D, Bendjelid K, Bouhemad B, Bravo-Figueroa P, Breitkreutz R, Calderon J, Connolly J, Copetti R, Corradi F, Dean AJ, Denault A, Govil D, Graci C, Ha YR, Hurtado L, Kameda T, Lanspa M, Laursen CB, Lee F, Liu R, Meineri M, Montorfano M, Nazerian P, Nelson BP, Neskovic AN, Nogue R, Osman A, Pazeli J, Pereira-Junior E, Petrovic T, Pivetta E, Poelaert J, Price S, Prosen G, Rodriguez S, Rola P, Royse C, Chen YT, Wells M, Wong A, Xiaoting W, Zhen W, Arabi Y. Multi-organ point-of-care ultrasound for COVID-19 (PoCUS4COVID): international expert consensus. Crit Care. 2020;24(1):702.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"1144_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1183\/20734735.004717","volume":"13","author":"D Lichtenstein","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lichtenstein D. Novel approaches to ultrasonography of the lung and pleural space: where are we now? Breathe (Sheff). 2017;13(2):100\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/20734735.004717.","journal-title":"Breathe (Sheff)"},{"issue":"2","key":"1144_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000558","volume":"122","author":"B Bouhemad","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bouhemad B, Mongodi S, Via G, Rouquette I. Ultrasound for lung monitoring of ventilated patients. Anesthesiology. 2015;122(2):437\u201347.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"1144_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12041402","volume":"12","author":"A Boccatonda","year":"2023","unstructured":"Boccatonda A, Cocco G, D\u2019Ardes D, Delli Pizzi A, Vidili G, De Molo C, Vicari S, Serra C, Cipollone F, Schiavone C, Guagnano MT. Infectious pneumonia and lung ultrasound: a review. J Clin Med. 2023;12(4):1402.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"1144_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201003-0369OC","volume":"183","author":"B Bouhemad","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bouhemad B, Brisson H, Le-Guen M, Arbelot C, Lu Q, Rouby JJ. Bedside ultrasound assessment of positive end-expiratory pressure-induced lung recruitment. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2011;183(3):341\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"1144_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2020.09.009","volume":"39","author":"B Tonelotto","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tonelotto B, Pereira SM, Tucci MR, Vaz DF, Vieira JE, Malbouisson LM, Gay F, Sim\u00f5es CM, Carvalho Carmona MJ, Monsel A, Amato MB, Rouby JJ. Costa Auler JO Jr. Intraoperative pulmonary hyperdistention estimated by transthoracic lung ultrasound: a pilot study. Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med. 2020;39(6):825\u201331.","journal-title":"Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1144_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-023-04548-w","volume":"27","author":"PTH Nhat","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nhat PTH, Van Hao N, Tho PV, Kerdegari H, Pisani L, Thu LNM, Phuong LT, Duong HTH, Thuy DB, McBride A, Xochicale M, Schultz MJ, Razavi R, King AP, Thwaites L, Van Vinh Chau N, Yacoub S. VITAL Consortium; Gomez A. Clinical benefit of AI-assisted lung ultrasound in a resource-limited intensive care unit. Crit Care. 2023;27(1):257.","journal-title":"Crit Care"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10877-024-01144-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10877-024-01144-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10877-024-01144-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,10]],"date-time":"2024-06-10T10:14:12Z","timestamp":1718014452000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10877-024-01144-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,9]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["1144"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10877-024-01144-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1387-1307","1573-2614"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1387-1307","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-2614","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 June 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 February 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 March 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ethics committee approval was not necessary because VLUP is used in daily clinical practice in our ICU. Informed consent from each patient was obtained for acquisition and publication of data and images.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent from each patient was obtained.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Informed consent from each patient was obtained.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publish"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}