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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) may significantly alter this relationship. This retrospective study investigated the relationship between the vascular and parenchymal intracranial compartments by analysing two amplitudes: cerebral blood flow velocity (AmpCBFV) and ICP (AMP) during hypocapnia manoeuvre in TBI patients. Twenty-nine TBI patients hospitalised at Addenbrooke\u2019s Hospital, whose ICP and CBFV were monitored during mild hypocapnia, were included. A linear metric of the relationship was defined as a moving-window correlation (R) between AmpCBFV and AMP, named RAMP. Nonlinear metrics were based on the Joint Symbolical Analysis (JSA) algorithm, which transforms AmpCBFV and AMP into sequences of symbols (\u2018words\u2019) using a binary scheme with word lengths of three. The mean AmpCBFV and AMP were not significantly correlated at baseline (r\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u00a00.10) or during hypocapnia (r\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u00a00.19). However, the RAMP index was significantly higher at baseline (0.64\u2009\u00b1\u20090.04) compared to hypocapnia (0.57\u2009\u00b1\u20090.04, p\u2009=\u20090.035). The relative frequency of symmetrical word types (JSA<jats:sub>sym<\/jats:sub>) describing the AmpCBFV\u2013AMP interaction decreased during hypocapnia (0.35\u2009\u00b1\u20090.30) compared to baseline (0.44\u2009\u00b1\u20090.030; p\u2009=\u20090.004). Our results indicate that while the grouped-averaged AmpCBFV and AMP were not significantly correlated, either at baseline or during hypocapnia, significant changes were observed when using RAMP and JSA indices. Further validation of these new parameters, which reflect the association between the vascular and parenchymal intracranial compartments, is needed in a larger cohort.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-024-01243-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,10]],"date-time":"2024-12-10T12:55:43Z","timestamp":1733835343000},"page":"301-313","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Relationship between the amplitudes of cerebral blood flow velocity and intracranial pressure using linear and non-linear approach"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5449-6940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam I.","family":"Pelah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Najdek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Czosnyka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Uryga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1243_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.84","volume":"2","author":"K Blennow","year":"2016","unstructured":"Blennow K, Brody DL, Kochanek PM, Levin H, McKee A, Ribbers GM, Yaffe K, Zetterberg H. 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All the other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interests"}},{"value":"The research ethics committee (29 REC 97\/291) and interdisciplinary NCCU Users\u2019 Group approved the collection of these data. Because the assessment of CO2 reactivity was part of normal clinical management and since no patient confidentiality issues were involved, formal informed consent was not needed. These anonymized data are subsequently made available for future research (Brain Physics Lab research database; REC 23\/YH\/0085). The data curation process adheres to the research integrity guidelines outlined in the UK Health Departments' (2011) Governance Arrangements for Research Ethics Committees. The data were fully anonymised, and no data protection issues were involved.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The manuscript complies with all the instructions of the authors. We confirm that authorship requirements have been met and that all authors have read and approved the submitted final manuscript. The manuscript has not been submitted elsewhere or published elsewhere in whole or in part. All coauthors fulfil standard criteria for coauthorship and have disclosed potential conflicts of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Author statements"}},{"value":"The manuscript has not been submitted elsewhere or published elsewhere in whole or in part. Figure\u00a0 was created in BioRender.com.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}]}}