{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T08:48:49Z","timestamp":1791881329769,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791849600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Monit Comput"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-026-01494-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T08:07:06Z","timestamp":1791878826000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The use of capillary refill time In adult critically ill patients: a narrative review on potentials, pitfalls, and perspectives"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"Brunati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guia Margherita","family":"Matronola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Glenn","family":"Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Kattan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Messina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"24","key":"1494_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7941","DOI":"10.3390\/s24247941","volume":"24","author":"X Yuxiang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yuxiang X, Xinrui ZG, Ziyi W, Xuesong W, Zhong W. Research Progress on the Measurement Methods and Clinical Significance of Capillary Refill Time. Sensors. 2024;24(24):7941.","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"1494_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Laura Evans AR, Alhazzani W, Antonelli M, Coopersmith,Craig CM, French Fl\u00e1viaR, Machado L, Mcintyre M, Ostermann HC, Prescott,Christa Schorr S, Simpson W Joost Wiersinga Fayez Alshamsi, Derek C, Angus S, Jacob R, Kleinpell M, Klompas Y, Koh CL, Sprung. Tobias Welte, Janice Zimmerman and Mitchell Levy, Surviving sepsis campaign: internationalguidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021. Intensive Care Medicine, 2021. 47: pp. 1181\u20131274.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-021-06506-y"},{"key":"1494_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huber W, Schneider ZR, Schmid G, Lahmer R. T, Assessment of Regional Perfusion and Organ Function: Less and Non-invasive Techniques. Front Med, 2019 Mar 22:6:50.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2019.00050"},{"key":"1494_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rola P, Haycock MA, Spiegel K, Rikhraj R, Kattan K. E, Understanding the Nuanced Concept of Hemodynamic Incoherence and Its Underlying Physiology. J Clin Med, 2026. 15(5811).","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15155811"},{"key":"1494_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Glenn Hernandez EK, Gustavo Ospina-Tasc\u00f3n, Sebastian Morales, Nicol\u00e1s Orozco, Gustavo Garc\u00eda-Gallardo, Macarena Amthauer, Jing-Chao Luo, Jan Bakker. The intricate relationship between capillary refill time and systemic hemodynamics in septic shock. Ann Intensiv Care. 2025;15:135.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-025-01563-8"},{"key":"1494_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Putowski Z. G.M., Correlation Between Mean Arterial Pressure and Capillary Refill Time in Patients with Septic Shock: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. 2023; 38(9):838-8462023","DOI":"10.1177\/08850666231168038"},{"key":"1494_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003897","volume":"47","author":"B Hiemstra","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hiemstra B, Wiersema ER, Kaufmann R, Koster T, Scheeren G. Clinical Examination for the Prediction of Mortality in the Critically Ill: The Simple Intensive Care Studies-I. Crit Care Med. 2019;47:1301\u20139.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"1494_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01275-5","volume":"14","author":"EDV Glenn Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2024","unstructured":"Glenn Hern\u00e1ndez EDV, Kattan E, Castro R, Guzm\u00e1n C. Alicia Elzo Kraemer, Nicol\u00e1s Sarzosa, Leyla Alegr\u00eda, Roberto Contreras, Vanessa Oviedo, Sebasti\u00e1n Bravo, Dagoberto Soto, Claudia S\u00e1ez, Hafid Ait-Oufella, Gustavo Ospina-Tasc\u00f3n and Jan Bakker, Capillary refill time response to a fluid challenge or a vasopressor test: an observational, proof-of-concept study. Ann Intensiv Care. 2024;14:49.","journal-title":"Ann Intensiv Care"},{"key":"1494_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hern\u00e1ndez G, De Backer O-TG, Teboul D, Melo JL, Morales P. S, Acute hemodynamic tests to determine the status of macro-to-microcirculatory coupling during septic shock resuscitation. Crit Care, 2026 Apr 21;30:196.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-026-06018-5"},{"key":"1494_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morin A, Urbina ML, Bonny T, Gasperment V, Bernier M. J, Relationship between skin microvascular blood flow and capillary refill time in critically ill patients. Crit Care, 2025 Feb 4;29(1):57.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-025-05285-y"},{"key":"1494_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Contreras R, Valenzuela HG, Gonz\u00e1lez ED, Ulloa C, Soto R. D, Exploring the relationship between capillary refill time, skin blood flow and microcirculatory reactivity during early resuscitation of patients with septic shock: a pilot study. .J Clin Monit Comput. 2023; Jun; 37(3):839-845.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-022-00946-7"},{"key":"1494_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang W, Hu XH, Wu C, Zhang T, Ma D. S, et al., Association of Sublingual Microcirculation Parameters and Capillary Refill Time in the Early Phase of ICU Admission. Crit Care Med. 2023 Jul 1;51(7):913-923.","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000005851"},{"key":"1494_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morin A, Urbina ML, Bonny T, Gasperment V, Bernier M. J, Relationship between skin microvasc ular blood flow and capillary refill time in critically ill patients. Crit Care, 2025 Feb 4;29(1):57.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-025-05285-y"},{"key":"1494_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barbara Lara LE, Ortega M, Leon P, Kripper C, Aguilera P, Kattan E, Castro R, Bakker J, Hernandez G. Capillary refill time during fluid resuscitation in patients with sepsis-related hyperlactatemia at the emergency department is related to mortality. PLoS ONE, 2017 Nov 27;12(11):e0188548.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0188548"},{"key":"1494_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matthias Jacquet-Lagr\u00e8ze AP, Kattan E, Ait-Oufella H, Chesnel D, Ruste M. R\u00e9mi Schweizer, Bernard Allaouchiche, Glenn Hernandez, Jean-Luc Fellahi Prognostic value of capillary refill time in adult patients: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Crit Care, 2023. Dec 2;27(1):473.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-023-04751-9"},{"key":"1494_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Misango D, Baker PR, Dnser T, Dondorp MW, Schultz AM. MJ, et al., Haemodynamic assessment and support in sepsis and septic shock in resource-limited settings.In: Sepsis Management in Resource-limited Settings: Springer; 2019. Chapter 7. 2019 Feb 9.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-03143-5_7"},{"key":"1494_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lisa Raia PG, Bonny V, Urbina T, Missri L, Boelle P-Y, Baudel J-L. Bertrand Guidet, Eric Maury, Jeremie Joffre, Hafid Ait-Oufella, Kinetics of capillary refill time after fluid challenge. Ann Intensiv Care, 2022 Aug 13;12(1):74.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-022-01049-x"},{"key":"1494_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-023-04714-0","volume":"27","author":"FM Nicolas Fage","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nicolas Fage FM, Rosalba D, Shi R, Lai C, Teboul J-L, Monnet X. Effect on capillary refill time of volume expansion and increase of the norepinephrine dose in patients with septic shock. Crit Care. 2023;27:429.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"7","key":"1494_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.0071","volume":"321","author":"Aea Hernandez","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hernandez Aea. Effect of a Resuscitation Strategy Targeting Peripheral Perfusion Status vs Serum Lactate Levels on 28-Day Mortality Among Patients With Septic Shock: The ANDROMEDA-SHOCK Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2019;321(7):654\u201364.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1494_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fernando G, Zampieri LPD, Bakker J, Gustavo A, Ospina-Tasc\u00f3n R, Castro AB, Cavalcanti. Glenn Hernandez, Effects of a Resuscitation Strategy Targeting Peripheral Perfusion Status versus Serum Lactate Levels among Patients with Septic Shock. A Bayesian Reanalysis of the ANDROMEDA-SHOCK Trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2020 Feb 15;201(4):423-429.","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201905-0968OC"},{"key":"1494_CR21","unstructured":"ANDROMEDA-SHOCK-2 Investigators for the ANDROMEDA Research Network, S.S.o.A., Reanimation and Pain Therapy (SEDAR), and Latin American Intensive Care Network (LIVEN), Glenn Hernandez GA, Ospina-Tasc\u00f3n E, Kattan M, Ibarra-Estrada F, Ramasco Nicol\u00e1s, Orozco K, Ramos JL, Aldana G, Ferri O, Hamzaoui D, De Backer J-L, Teboul. Antoine Vieillard-Baron, Lucas Petri Damiani, Gustavo A Garc\u00eda-Gallardo, Sebastian Morales, Paula Carmona Garcia, Rosa Mendez, Thierry Hernandez-Gilsoul, Orlando R P\u00e9rez-Nieto, Claudia Olea Vielba, Silvia Ramos, David Dominguez, Mario Bruna, Sascha David, Pedro D Wendel-Garcia, Mar\u00eda Galiana-Ivars, Sheila Nainan Myatra, Antonio Messina, Maurizio Cecconi, Mario Pozo, Macarena Amthauer, Eva Higuera, Zainab Al Duhalib, Jes\u00fas Rico-Feijoo, Carolina Ferrer-G\u00f3mez, Ana P\u00e9rez-Carbonell, Sara Martinez-Castro, Francisco Javier Redondo Calvo, Marc Vives, Hector Fabio Sanchez, I\u00f1aki Bilbao, Paula Fernandez, Abdulrahman Al-Fares, Adela Benitez-Cano, Cecilia Gonzalez, Luis Felipe Reyes, Job H Rodriguez-Guillen, Ana Vaz Cristino, Juan Carlos Pendino, Guillermo Ortiz, Maria Concepci\u00f3n Alonso-Gonzalez, Gast\u00f3n Murias, Guadalupe Aguirre-\u00c1valos, Leonardo Hern\u00e1ndez, Zulay Adriana Calder\u00f3n Barajas, Iratxe Zarragoikoetxea, Xavier Monnet, Antoine Goury, Tiago Mendon\u00e7a Dos Santos, Liliana Vallecilla, Lucas Martins de Lima, Erica Sady, Leyla Alegria, Marlies Ostermann, Jan Bakker, Alexandre Biasi Cavalcanti, Personalized Hemodynamic Resuscitation Targeting Capillary Refill Time in Early Septic Shock: The ANDROMEDA-SHOCK-2 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA, 2025 Dec 9;334(22):1988-1999."},{"key":"1494_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-020-00767-4","volume":"10","author":"EK Ricardo Castro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ricardo Castro EK, Giorgio Ferri, Ronald Pairumani, Emilio Daniel Valenzuela, Leyla Alegr\u00eda, Vanessa Oviedo, Nicol\u00e1s Pavez, Dagoberto Soto, Magdalena Vera, C\u00e9sar Santis, Brusela Astudillo, Mar\u00eda Alicia Cid, Sebastian Bravo, Gustavo Ospina-Tasc\u00f3n, Jan Bakker, Glenn Hern\u00e1ndez. Effects of capillary refill time-vs. lactate-targeted fluid resuscitation on regional, microcirculatory and hypoxia-related perfusion parameters in septic shock: a randomized controlled trial. Ann Intensiv Care. 2020 Nov 2;10(1):150.","journal-title":"Ann Intensiv Care"},{"key":"1494_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oi Y, Honzawa OF, Abe H, Imaki T, Takeuchi S. I., A screening tool to predict sepsis in patients with suspected infection in the emergency department. Cureus, 2025 Feb 8;17(2):e78728.","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.78728"},{"key":"1494_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amson H, Thiollire VC, Piriou F, Magnin V, Allaouchiche M. B., Core-to-skin temperature gradient measured by thermography predicts day-8 mortality in septic shock: A prospective observational study. J Crit Care, 2020 Dec:60:294-299.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.08.022"},{"issue":"4","key":"1494_CR25","first-page":"672","volume":"22","author":"HK Beecher","year":"1947","unstructured":"Beecher HK, Burnett SFA, Shapiro CH, Sullivan SL, Mallory ER. The internal state of the severely wounded man on entry to the most forward hospital. Surgery. 1947;22(4):672\u2013711.","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"1494_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shinozaki K, Jacobson LS, Saeki K, Kobayashi N, Weisner S, Falotico JM, Li T, Kim J, Lampe JW, Becker LB. Does training level affect the accuracy of visual assessment of capillary refill time? Critical Care; 2019 May 6;23:157.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-019-2444-3"},{"key":"1494_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1186\/s12873-022-00681-x","volume":"22","author":"CW Matthias Jacquet-Lagr\u00e8ze","year":"2022","unstructured":"Matthias Jacquet-Lagr\u00e8ze CW, R\u00e9mi Schweizer L\u00e9a, Didier M, Ruste M, Coutrot M, Legrand F, Baudin E, Javouhey. Fran\u00e7ois D\u00e9pret, Jean-Luc Fellahi, Capillary refill time for the management of acute circulatory failure: a survey among pediatric and adult intensivists. BMC Emerg Med. 2022;22:131.","journal-title":"BMC Emerg Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"1494_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(88)80675-9","volume":"17","author":"DL Schriger","year":"1988","unstructured":"Schriger DL, Baraff L. Defining normal capillary refill: variation with age, sex, and temperature. Ann Emerg Med. 1988;17(9):932\u20135.","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1494_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-018-2295-3","volume":"23","author":"R Kawaguchi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kawaguchi R, et al. Optimal pressing strength and time for capillary refilling time. Crit Care. 2019;23(1):4.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"1494_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.11.035","volume":"151","author":"J Alsma","year":"2017","unstructured":"Alsma J, et al. The Power of Flash Mob Research: Conducting a Nationwide Observational Clinical Study on Capillary Refill Time in a Single Day. Chest. 2017;151(5):1106\u201313.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"3","key":"1494_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R114","DOI":"10.1186\/cc13905","volume":"18","author":"ME van Genderen","year":"2014","unstructured":"van Genderen ME, et al. Clinical assessment of peripheral perfusion to predict postoperative complications after major abdominal surgery early: a prospective observational study in adults. Crit Care. 2014;18(3):R114.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"7","key":"1494_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-014-3326-4","volume":"40","author":"H Ait-Oufella","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ait-Oufella H, et al. Capillary refill time exploration during septic shock. Intensive Care Med. 2014;40(7):958\u201364.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"1494_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matthias Noitz SP, Jenny D, Langthaler S, Erblich R, Tschoellitsch T. Jens Meier and Martin W. D\u00fcnser, The Predictive Value of Clinical Signs to Identify Shock in Critically Ill Patients. Diagnostics, 2025 Sep 5;15(17):2252.","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15172252"},{"key":"1494_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Enrique Monares Zepeda SM, Garate MAH. Annanda M\u00e1rquez, Jes\u00fas Carlos Briones Gardu\u00f1o, Ricardo Castro, Gustavo Ospina-Tasc\u00f3n, Glenn Hern\u00e1ndez Eduardo Kattan, Capillary refill time as an additional triage criterion to decide ICU admission of deteriorating obstetric patients. Critical Care, 2025. 29(231).","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-025-05404-9"},{"issue":"1","key":"1494_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01391-2","volume":"14","author":"M Ruste","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ruste M, R\u00e9mi RR, Schweizer V, Mayet J-L, Fellahi. Matthias Jacquet-Lagr\u00e8ze, Changes in portal pulsatility index induced by a fluid challenge in patients with haemodynamic instability and systemic venous congestion: a prospective cohort study. Ann Intensiv Care. 2024;14(1):167.","journal-title":"Ann Intensiv Care"},{"key":"1494_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duranteau J, Donadello DDBK, Shapiro NI, Hutchings SD, Rovas A, Legrand M, Harrois A, Ince C. The future of intensive care: the study of the microcirculation will help to guide our therapies. Crit Care, 2023 May 16;27(1):190.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-023-04474-x"},{"key":"1494_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Junker J, Henricson JCO. J., Standardized Measurement of Capillary Refill Time using Novel Technology. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine. 2019;34(s1):s167-s168 .","DOI":"10.1017\/S1049023X19003820"},{"key":"1494_CR38","first-page":"A356","volume":"99","author":"C Henry","year":"2014","unstructured":"Henry C, Morris HS. Can Photoplethysmography Be Used To Automate Capillary Refill Time? Preliminary Results From Healthy Children. Arch Dis Child. 2014;99:A356.","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"1494_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karlen W, Daniels PA. J, Automated Validation of Capillary Refill Time Measurements Using Photo-Plethysmogram from a Portable Device for Effective Triage in Children. IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference, 2011: p. pp. 66\u201371.","DOI":"10.1109\/GHTC.2011.19"},{"key":"1494_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marcinkevics Z, Rubenis ELO, Blumfelde M. Reliability of automated optical determination of capillary refill time. Biophotonics Congress, 2021. JW1A.13.","DOI":"10.1364\/BODA.2021.JW1A.13"},{"issue":"5","key":"1494_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-021-00757-2","volume":"36","author":"M Ruste","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ruste M, Tardif CL, Saint-Jean M, Fellahi C, Lagr\u00e8ze JL. Measurement of capillary refill time with a handheld prototype device: a comparative validation study in healthy volunteers. J Clin Monit Comput. 2022;36(5):1271\u20138.","journal-title":"J Clin Monit Comput"},{"key":"1494_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Strutt J et al. CAPAPP: SMARTPHONE-BASED CAPILLARY REFILL INDEX ASSESSMENT IN HEALTHY CHILDREN. \" Proceedings of the 2023 Design of Medical Devices Conference. 2023 Design of Medical Devices Conference. Minneapolis, MN, USA. April 17\u201319, 2023.","DOI":"10.1115\/DMD2023-6655"},{"key":"1494_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kattan E, Tasc\u00f3n HG, Valenzuela GO, Bakker ED. J., A lactate targeted resuscitation strategy may be associated with higher mortality in patients with septic shock and normal capillary refill time: a post hoc analysis of the ANDROMEDA SHOCK study. Ann Intensive Care, 2020. 10(114).","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-020-00732-1"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10877-026-01494-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10877-026-01494-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10877-026-01494-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T08:07:12Z","timestamp":1791878832000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10877-026-01494-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"references-count":43,"alternative-id":["1494"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10877-026-01494-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1573-2614"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1573-2614","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 June 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 August 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 October 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical Approval and Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The devices presented in the Table\u00a02 are intended as representative examples of commercially available or potentially commercializable technologies and do not constitute an exhaustive overview of existing CRT measurement systems. Other devices may already be available or are currently under development and are not discussed in this review. The authors declare no financial relationships, commercial interests, or conflicts of interest with any of the companies or manufacturers associated with the devices reported in the table.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Others","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}