{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T11:26:14Z","timestamp":1787052374460,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["No.2022B1515230005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.2022B1515230005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Construction Project of Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Nephropathy of Traditional Chinese Medicine","award":["No. 2022-ZY-SYS-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2022-ZY-SYS-002"]}]},{"name":"Project of Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center","award":["No.2021LCZX-13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.2021LCZX-13"]}]},{"name":"the \"Pioneer\" and \"Leading Goose\" R&D Program of Zhejiang","award":["No.2025C02190,No.2023C03075"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.2025C02190,No.2023C03075"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["No. 82172336"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 82172336"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","award":["No.LQ23H050005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.LQ23H050005"]}]},{"name":"the Scientific research project of Zhejiang Provincial Education Department","award":["No.Y202250731"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.Y202250731"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Fluoresc"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10895-026-04846-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T22:39:27Z","timestamp":1782859167000},"page":"4469-4480","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development of a Time-Resolved Fluorescence Immunoassay for BAFF and Its Preliminary Clinical Application in Patients with Lupus Nephritis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Bin","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shangbin","family":"Kao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenwen","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianyu","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biao","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongwen","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"4846_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s41232-016-0015-4","volume":"36","author":"S Nakayamada","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nakayamada S, Tanaka Y (2016) BAFF- and APRIL-targeted therapy in systemic autoimmune diseases. Inflamm Regen 36:6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41232-016-0015-4","journal-title":"Inflamm Regen"},{"issue":"5","key":"4846_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2006.04.006","volume":"18","author":"C Bossen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bossen C, Schneider P (2006) BAFF, APRIL and their receptors: structure, function and signaling. Semin Immunol 18(5):263\u2013275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.smim.2006.04.006","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4846_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2012.64","volume":"10","author":"VS Chan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chan VS et al (2013) B-cell-targeted therapies in systemic lupus erythematosus. Cell Mol Immunol 10(2):133\u2013142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/cmi.2012.64","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"issue":"11","key":"4846_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.189.11.1747","volume":"189","author":"P Schneider","year":"1999","unstructured":"Schneider P et al (1999) BAFF, a novel ligand of the tumor necrosis factor family, stimulates B cell growth. J Exp Med 189(11):1747\u20131756. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.189.11.1747","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"4846_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/s0092-8674(02)00631-1","volume":"108","author":"Y Liu","year":"2002","unstructured":"Liu Y et al (2002) Crystal structure of sTALL-1 reveals a virus-like assembly of TNF family ligands. Cell 108(3):383\u2013394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0092-8674(02)00631-1","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"7","key":"4846_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2006","DOI":"10.1021\/bi051685o","volume":"45","author":"TG Cachero","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cachero TG et al (2006) Formation of virus-like clusters is an intrinsic property of the tumor necrosis factor family member BAFF (B cell activating factor). Biochemistry 45(7):2006\u20132013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/bi051685o","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"4846_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1523392","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1523392","volume":"16","author":"AV Poznyak","year":"2025","unstructured":"Poznyak AV et al (2025) Exploring the role of APRIL in autoimmunity: implications for therapeutic targeting in systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Front Immunol 16:1523392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1523392","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"7","key":"4846_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.24","volume":"17","author":"DJ Rawlings","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rawlings DJ et al (2017) Altered B cell signalling in autoimmunity. Nat Rev Immunol 17(7):421\u2013436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nri.2017.24","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4846_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203309358187","volume":"19","author":"LM Ortega","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ortega LM et al (2010) Review: lupus nephritis: pathologic features, epidemiology and a guide to therapeutic decisions. Lupus 19(5):557\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0961203309358187","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"issue":"1","key":"4846_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0886022x.2025.2561791","volume":"47","author":"X Yang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yang X et al (2025) Biological targeted therapy for lupus nephritis-the role of BLYS and APRIL. Ren Fail 47(1):2561791. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/0886022x.2025.2561791","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"issue":"7","key":"4846_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3370","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.7.3370","volume":"97","author":"SD Khare","year":"2000","unstructured":"Khare SD et al (2000) Severe B cell hyperplasia and autoimmune disease in TALL-1 transgenic mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97(7):3370\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.97.7.3370","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"7","key":"4846_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24628","volume":"60","author":"VT Chu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chu VT et al (2009) Systemic activation of the immune system induces aberrant BAFF and APRIL expression in B cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 60(7):2083\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.24628","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"1","key":"4846_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/lupus-2014-000063","volume":"2","author":"E Zollars","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zollars E et al (2015) BAFF (B cell activating factor) transcript level in peripheral blood of patients with SLE is associated with same-day disease activity as well as global activity over the next year. Lupus Sci Med 2(1):e000063. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/lupus-2014-000063","journal-title":"Lupus Sci Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"4846_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-010-1720-x","volume":"26","author":"M Edelbauer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Edelbauer M et al (2011) Markers of childhood lupus nephritis indicating disease activity. Pediatr Nephrol 26(3):401\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-010-1720-x","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4846_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/lupus-2014-000061","volume":"2","author":"I Parodis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Parodis I et al (2015) Evaluation of B lymphocyte stimulator and a proliferation inducing ligand as candidate biomarkers in lupus nephritis based on clinical and histopathological outcome following induction therapy. Lupus Sci Med 2(1):e000061. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/lupus-2014-000061","journal-title":"Lupus Sci Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"4846_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203315604909","volume":"25","author":"DA Roth","year":"2016","unstructured":"Roth DA et al (2016) Elevated BLyS levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: associated factors and responses to belimumab. Lupus 25(4):346\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0961203315604909","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"issue":"10","key":"4846_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2009.129940","volume":"55","author":"L Le Pottier","year":"2009","unstructured":"Le Pottier L et al (2009) New ELISA for B cell-activating factor. Clin Chem 55(10):1843\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1373\/clinchem.2009.129940","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"4846_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-025-07779-0","author":"G Rybka","year":"2025","unstructured":"Rybka G et al (2025) Serum levels of APRIL, BAFF, and IL-10 in systemic lupus erythematosus have limited utility as biomarkers for disease activity or flare prediction. Clin Rheumatol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10067-025-07779-0","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4846_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2006.04.053","volume":"571","author":"B Huang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Huang B et al (2006) Ultrasensitive detection of pepsinogen I and pepsinogen II by a time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay and its preliminary clinical applications. Anal Chim Acta 571(1):74\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aca.2006.04.053","journal-title":"Anal Chim Acta"},{"key":"4846_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00837","volume":"11","author":"B Huang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huang B et al (2020) Phospholipase A2 receptor autoantibodies as a novel serological biomarker for autoimmune thyroid disease associated nephropathy. Front Immunol 11:837. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00837","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"4846_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10895-025-04620-4","author":"B Wu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wu B et al (2025) Establishment of a time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay for sC5b-9 and validation in lupus nephritis. J Fluoresc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10895-025-04620-4","journal-title":"J Fluoresc"},{"issue":"8","key":"4846_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2453","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23678","volume":"58","author":"M Petri","year":"2008","unstructured":"Petri M et al (2008) Association of plasma B lymphocyte stimulator levels and disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 58(8):2453\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.23678","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"13","key":"4846_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1534","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203310375268","volume":"19","author":"LD Zhao","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zhao LD et al (2010) Expressions of BAFF\/BAFF receptors and their correlation with disease activity in Chinese SLE patients. Lupus 19(13):1534\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0961203310375268","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"issue":"3","key":"4846_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12975","volume":"189","author":"HS Howe","year":"2017","unstructured":"Howe HS et al (2017) Associations of B cell-activating factor (BAFF) and anti-BAFF autoantibodies with disease activity in multi-ethnic Asian systemic lupus erythematosus patients in Singapore. Clin Exp Immunol 189(3):298\u2013303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cei.12975","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4846_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfx220","volume":"33","author":"J Friebus-Kardash","year":"2018","unstructured":"Friebus-Kardash J et al (2018) Immune complexes containing serum B-cell activating factor and immunoglobulin G correlate with disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Nephrol Dial Transplant 33(1):54\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ndt\/gfx220","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"4","key":"4846_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cti2.1047","volume":"8","author":"FB Vincent","year":"2019","unstructured":"Vincent FB et al (2019) Analysis of serum B cell-activating factor from the tumor necrosis factor family (BAFF) and its soluble receptors in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Transl Immunol 8(4):e01047. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cti2.1047","journal-title":"Clin Transl Immunol"},{"issue":"12","key":"4846_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3475","DOI":"10.1002\/art.11354","volume":"48","author":"W Stohl","year":"2003","unstructured":"Stohl W et al (2003) B lymphocyte stimulator overexpression in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: longitudinal observations. Arthritis Rheum 48(12):3475\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.11354","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"9","key":"4846_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203313496302","volume":"22","author":"FB Vincent","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vincent FB et al (2013) Association of serum B cell activating factor from the tumour necrosis factor family (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) with central nervous system and renal disease in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 22(9):873\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0961203313496302","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"issue":"8","key":"4846_CR29","first-page":"491","volume":"16","author":"D Elbirt","year":"2014","unstructured":"Elbirt D et al (2014) BLyS levels in sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: clinical and serological correlation. Isr Med Assoc J 16(8):491\u2013496","journal-title":"Isr Med Assoc J"},{"issue":"1","key":"4846_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-03620-2","volume":"9","author":"W Shin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shin W et al (2018) BAFF-neutralizing interaction of belimumab related to its therapeutic efficacy for treating systemic lupus erythematosus. Nat Commun 9(1):1200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-018-03620-2","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"5","key":"4846_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1988","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keac528","volume":"62","author":"E Itotagawa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Itotagawa E et al (2023) SLE stratification based on BAFF and IFN-I bioactivity for biologics and implications of BAFF produced by glomeruli in lupus nephritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 62(5):1988\u20131997. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rheumatology\/keac528","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"5","key":"4846_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203317739132","volume":"27","author":"JP Suso","year":"2018","unstructured":"Suso JP et al (2018) Profile of BAFF and its receptors\u2019 expression in lupus nephritis is associated with pathological classes. Lupus 27(5):708\u2013715. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0961203317739132","journal-title":"Lupus"}],"container-title":["Journal of Fluorescence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10895-026-04846-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10895-026-04846-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10895-026-04846-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T10:30:51Z","timestamp":1787049051000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10895-026-04846-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["4846"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10895-026-04846-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1573-4994"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1573-4994","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 May 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to Participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The research protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Southwest Hospital, Chongqing (Scientific Research Ethics Committee, Approval Number KY2024264).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical Approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Clinical trial number: not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Clinical Trial Number","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing Interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}