{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T08:59:47Z","timestamp":1791622787789,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,12]],"date-time":"2011-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1310428800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Genetic Counseling"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Research among African\u2010Americans indicates this population perceives sickle cell (SCD) to be a serious disease and sickle cell trait (SCT) screening an important intervention. However, studies have consistently demonstrated a lower than desired uptake of SCD education, inadequate knowledge regarding personal and family trait status, and a low perceived susceptibility of giving birth to a child with the disease. We examined general attitudes and beliefs regarding genetics and genetic testing including prenatal testing and newborn screening; we used this information as the foundation to more specifically assess attitudes and beliefs regarding SCD and perceived barriers to SCD education and awareness. Thirty\u2010five African\u2010American adult men and women participated in one of four focus groups. Thematic analysis identified that both prenatal testing and newborn screening are acceptable forms of genetic testing. Based largely on their personal experiences, participants possessed an understanding of the natural progression of SCD but had a limited understanding of the inheritance and probable risk of giving birth to a child with the disease. Barriers to education and greater awareness of SCD were classified as personal, familial, and societal. Community based interventions focused on sharing the stories of individuals with first\u2010hand experiences with SCD should be considered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10897-011-9388-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,11]],"date-time":"2011-07-11T20:53:01Z","timestamp":1310417581000},"page":"572-592","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Attitudes and Beliefs of African\u2010Americans Toward Genetics, Genetic Testing, and Sickle Cell Disease Education and Awareness"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Katie A.","family":"Long","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Genetics University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA"},{"name":"Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh One Children's Hospital Drive, 4401 Penn Ave., Faculty Pavilion Suite 1200 Pittsburgh PA 15224 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen B.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Services Administration University of Maryland College Park MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin E.","family":"Grubs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Genetics University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"Gettig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Genetics University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lakshmanan","family":"Krishnamurti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Bone Marrow Transplant Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0027-9684(15)31113-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1025659701805"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2006.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000086759"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"89","article-title":"The influence of spirituality and religiosity on breast cancer screening delay in African American women: application of the Theory of Reasoned Action and Planned Behavior (TRA\/TPB)","volume":"17","author":"Gullate M.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of the Association of Black Nursing Faculty in Higher Education"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GIM.0b013e3180534282"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"18","article-title":"African\u2010American community attitudes and perceptions toward schizophrenia and medical research: an exploratory study","volume":"98","author":"Hamilton L. 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Measuring knowledge of sickle cell disease in adult patients","volume":"9","author":"Midence K.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Professional Nurse"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","unstructured":"National Newborn Screening and Genetics Resource Center National Newborn Screening Report Sickle Carrier Program Follow\u2010up(2009). Available at:http:\/\/nnsis.uthscsa.edu\/xreports.aspx?XREPORTID=22&FORMID=8&FCLR=1. Accessed January 8 2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2003.15"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","volume-title":"Genetics and public health in the 21st century.","author":"Olney R.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2000.109437"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","first-page":"1295","article-title":"Uncovering myths and transforming realities among low\u2010SES African\u2010American men: implications for reducing prostate cancer disparities","volume":"96","author":"Richardson J. 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