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Despite the public health implications, there is limited understanding of the unique needs regarding establishing and implementing extensive screening for newborns and appropriate family counseling. We sought to gain understanding of community attitudes and beliefs about SCD\/SCT from counselors and potential counselors in Ghana; obtain their input about goals for counseling following newborn screening; and obtain guidance about developing effective counselor education. Five focus groups with 32 health care providers and health educators from 9 of 10 regions in Ghana were conducted by trained facilitators according to a structured protocol. Qualitative data were coded and categorized to reflect common themes. Saturation was achieved in themes related to genetics\/inheritance; common complications of SCD; potential for stigmatization; marital strain; and emotional stress. Misconceptions about SCT as a form of SCD were prevalent as were cultural and spiritual beliefs about the causes of SCD\/SCT. Potential positive aspects included affected children\u2032s academic achievement as compensation for physical limitations, and family cohesion. This data informed recommendations for content and structure of a counselor training program that was provided to the Ministry of Health in Ghana.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10897-014-9759-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,6]],"date-time":"2014-09-06T00:56:26Z","timestamp":1409964986000},"page":"267-277","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Using Formative Research to Develop a Counselor Training Program for Newborn Screening in Ghana"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Marsha J.","family":"Treadwell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology\/Oncology Department UCSF Benioff Children\u2032s Hospital Oakland 747 52nd Street Oakland CA 94609 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kofi A.","family":"Anie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haematology and Sickle Cell Centre, North West London Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Trust Central Middlesex Hospital Acton Lane London NW10 7NS UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Althea M.","family":"Grant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, National Center for Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Division of Blood Disorders Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1600 Clifton Road, MS E64 Atlanta GA 30333 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Solomon F.","family":"Ofori\u2010Acquah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational and International Hematology, Vascular Medicine Institute University of Pittsburgh 200 Lothrop Street Pittsburgh PA 15262 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwaku","family":"Ohene\u2010Frempong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sickle Cell Foundation of Ghana 4 Harper Road, 3rd Floor Adum Kumasi Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_24_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPH.0b013e31824e3109"},{"key":"e_1_2_24_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1751-0473-9-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_24_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(00)00207-0"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_24_5_1","first-page":"195","article-title":"Sickle Cell Anaemia: Awareness Among Health Professionals and Medical Students at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos","volume":"19","author":"Animasahun B. 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