{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T03:32:51Z","timestamp":1793849571677,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750118400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750118400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Purdue University Fort Wayne"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Gambl Stud"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Since the federal ban on sports betting was lifted in 2018, the industry has grown rapidly in the United States, raising concerns about the risk of problem gambling. Building on existing research that suggests the limited effectiveness of traditional responsible gambling campaigns, the current study examines whether the use of celebrity endorsers in advertising can enhance responsible gambling intentions. Using a scenario-based experiment with 383 U.S. sports bettors, regression analyses reveal that an endorser whose image aligns with the target audience increases consumer awareness of responsible gambling messages, thereby enhancing intentions to gamble responsibly. In addition, an image-congruent endorser boosts consumers\u2019 betting intentions and word-of-mouth advocacy for the sportsbook. Although image congruence in advertising is often operationalized through racial similarity, the findings suggest that same-race endorsers are effective in enhancing image congruence only when sports betting is perceived as socially acceptable. This study is the first to examine the effect of endorser-consumer image congruence on consumer intentions toward both sports betting brands and responsible gambling. The findings provide important insights to sportsbooks aiming to balance branding and social responsibility in marketing campaigns.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-025-10399-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T06:09:05Z","timestamp":1750140545000},"page":"1657-1687","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Bet More \u2013 But Only with Me: Role of Celebrity Endorsers in Sports Betting Advertising"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9739-9294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenjia","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9372-8495","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vaidyanathan Viswanathan","family":"Saunak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10399_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1080\/02650487.2020.1852807","volume":"40","author":"S Alhabash","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alhabash, S., Mundel, J., Deng, T., McAlister, A., Quilliam, E. T., Richards, J. I., & Lynch, K. (2021). Social media alcohol advertising among underage minors: Effects of models\u2019 age. International Journal of Advertising, 40(4), 552\u2013581. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02650487.2020.1852807","journal-title":"International Journal of Advertising"},{"key":"10399_CR2","unstructured":"American Gaming Association. (2023). New Updates to AGA Responsible Marketing Code for Sports Wagering Prohibit \u201cRisk Free,\u201d Enhance College-Aged Protections. American Gaming Association. https:\/\/www.americangaming.org\/new\/new-updates-to-aga-responsible-marketing-code-for-sports-wagering-prohibit-risk-free-enhance-college-aged-protections\/"},{"key":"10399_CR3","unstructured":"American Gaming Association. (2023b, March 28). Responsible Marketing Code for Sports Wagering. https:\/\/www.americangaming.org\/responsible-marketing-code-for-sports-wagering\/"},{"key":"10399_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretconser.2016.04.014","volume":"31","author":"AD Arndt","year":"2016","unstructured":"Arndt, A. D., Karande, K., & Glassman, M. (2016). How context interferes with similarity-attraction between customers and service providers. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 31, 294\u2013303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jretconser.2016.04.014","journal-title":"Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services"},{"issue":"3","key":"10399_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.2501\/IJA-32-3-369-389","volume":"32","author":"GE Belch","year":"2013","unstructured":"Belch, G. E., & Belch, A. M. (2013). A content analysis study of the use of celebrity endorsers in magazine advertising. International Journal of Advertising, 32(3), 369\u2013389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2501\/IJA-32-3-369-389","journal-title":"International Journal of Advertising"},{"issue":"2","key":"10399_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1080\/02650487.2015.1024384","volume":"35","author":"L Bergkvist","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bergkvist, L., Hjalmarson, H., & M\u00e4gi, A. W. (2016). A new model of how celebrity endorsements work: Attitude toward the endorsement as a mediator of celebrity source and endorsement effects. International Journal of Advertising, 35(2), 171\u2013184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02650487.2015.1024384","journal-title":"International Journal of Advertising"},{"issue":"3","key":"10399_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2958.2001.tb00788.x","volume":"27","author":"SD Boon","year":"2001","unstructured":"Boon, S. D., & Lomore, C. D. (2001). Admirer-Celebrity Relationships Among Young Adults: Explaining Perceptions of Celebrity Influence on Identity. Human Communication Research, 27(3), 432\u2013465. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1468-2958.2001.tb00788.x","journal-title":"Human Communication Research"},{"issue":"24","key":"10399_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9266","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17249266","volume":"17","author":"\u00c1 Botella-Guijarro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Botella-Guijarro, \u00c1., Lloret-Irles, D., Segura-Heras, J. V., Cabrera-Perona, V., & Moriano, J. A. (2020). A longitudinal analysis of gambling predictors among adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(24), 9266. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17249266","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10399_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1108\/JSOCM-05-2012-0079","volume":"3","author":"J Brace-Govan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Brace-Govan, J. (2013). More diversity than celebrity: A typology of role model interaction. Journal of Social Marketing, 3(2), 111\u2013126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/JSOCM-05-2012-0079","journal-title":"Journal of Social Marketing"},{"key":"10399_CR10","unstructured":"Champniss, G., Wilson, H. N., & Macdonald, E. K. (2015). Why Your Customers\u2019 Social Identities Matter. Harvard Business Review. https:\/\/hbr.org\/2015\/01\/why-your-customers-social-identities-matter"},{"issue":"9","key":"10399_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1002\/mar.20550","volume":"29","author":"SM Choi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Choi, S. M., & Rifon, N. J. (2012). It Is a Match: The impact of congruence between celebrity image and consumer ideal self on endorsement effectiveness. Psychology & Marketing, 29(9), 639\u2013650. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mar.20550","journal-title":"Psychology & Marketing"},{"key":"10399_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.55.090902.142015","volume":"55","author":"RB Cialdini","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cialdini, R. B., & Goldstein, N. J. (2004). Social influence: Compliance and conformity. Annual Review of Psychology, 55, 591\u2013621. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev.psych.55.090902.142015","journal-title":"Annual Review of Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10399_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.112.1.155","volume":"112","author":"J Cohen","year":"1992","unstructured":"Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155\u2013159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-2909.112.1.155","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"issue":"4","key":"10399_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1002\/mar.21772","volume":"40","author":"S D\u2019Ambrogio","year":"2023","unstructured":"D\u2019Ambrogio, S., Werksman, N., Platt, M. L., & Johnson, E. N. (2023). How celebrity status and gaze direction in ads drive visual attention to shape consumer decisions. Psychology & Marketing, 40(4), 723\u2013734. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mar.21772","journal-title":"Psychology & Marketing"},{"issue":"1","key":"10399_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1080\/00913367.2021.1888339","volume":"51","author":"F De Keyzer","year":"2022","unstructured":"De Keyzer, F., Dens, N., & De Pelsmacker, P. (2022). How and When Personalized Advertising Leads to Brand Attitude, Click, and WOM Intention. Journal of Advertising, 51(1), 39\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00913367.2021.1888339","journal-title":"Journal of Advertising"},{"key":"10399_CR16","unstructured":"Gilbert, J. R., & Stafford, M. R. (2024). Responsible Gaming Intervention Effectiveness Scale. American Gaming Association. https:\/\/www.americangaming.org\/resources\/responsible-gaming-intervention-effectiveness-scale\/"},{"key":"10399_CR17","unstructured":"Gramlich, J. (2022). As more states legalize the practice, 19% of U.S. adults say they have bet money on sports in the past year. Pew Research Center. https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/short-reads\/2022\/09\/14\/as-more-states-legalize-the-practice-19-of-u-s-adults-say-they-have-bet-money-on-sports-in-the-past-year\/"},{"key":"10399_CR18","unstructured":"Green, M. (2024). 7 Best Sports Betting Sites & Online Sportsbooks Ranked for {{. https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/"},{"issue":"7","key":"10399_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1177\/0265407518790411","volume":"36","author":"AJ Hampton","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hampton, A. J., Fisher Boyd, A. N., & Sprecher, S. (2019). You\u2019re like me and I like you: Mediators of the similarity\u2013liking link assessed before and after a getting-acquainted social interaction. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 36(7), 2221\u20132244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0265407518790411","journal-title":"Journal of Social and Personal Relationships"},{"key":"10399_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hing, N., Cherney, L., Blaszczynski, A., Gainsbury, S. M., & Lubman, D. I. (2014). Do advertising and promotions for online gambling increase gambling consumption? An exploratory study. International Gambling Studies, 14(3), 394\u2013409. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14459795.2014.903989","DOI":"10.1080\/14459795.2014.903989"},{"issue":"2","key":"10399_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-015-9571-9","volume":"32","author":"N Hing","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hing, N., Russell, A. M. T., Vitartas, P., & Lamont, M. (2016). Demographic, behavioural and normative risk factors for gambling problems amongst sports bettors. Journal of Gambling Studies, 32(2), 625\u2013641. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10899-015-9571-9","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"key":"10399_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-29869-6_1","volume-title":"Understanding Peace and Conflict Through Social Identity Theory: Contemporary Global Perspectives","author":"MA Hogg","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hogg, M. A. (2016). Social Identity Theory. In S. McKeown, R. Haji, & N. Ferguson (Eds.), Understanding Peace and Conflict Through Social Identity Theory: Contemporary Global Perspectives (pp. 3\u201317). Springer International Publishing. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-29869-6_1"},{"key":"10399_CR23","unstructured":"Huble, C. (2023). NCPG Statement on the Betting on Our Future Act. National Council on Problem Gambling. https:\/\/www.ncpgambling.org\/news\/ncpg-statement-on-the-betting-on-our-future-act\/"},{"issue":"2","key":"10399_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1080\/00913367.2013.838720","volume":"43","author":"K Hung","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hung, K. (2014). Why celebrity sells: A dual entertainment path model of brand endorsement. Journal of Advertising, 43(2), 155\u2013166.","journal-title":"Journal of Advertising"},{"key":"10399_CR25","unstructured":"John, S. S. (n.d.). Potential Gambling Questions. Nevada Department of Health and Human Services."},{"issue":"2","key":"10399_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-023-10259-2","volume":"40","author":"C Kape","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kape, C., Hamelin, N., & Abraham, C. (2024). Sports Gambling Intention Comparison Between Males and Females in the United States. Journal of Gambling Studies, 40(2), 937\u2013955. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10899-023-10259-2","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"issue":"1","key":"10399_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1515\/ijme-2015-0010","volume":"44","author":"G Karasiewicz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Karasiewicz, G., & Kowalczuk, M. (2015). Effect of Celebrity Endorsement in Advertising Activities by Product Type. International Journal of Management and Economics, 44(1), 74\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/ijme-2015-0010","journal-title":"International Journal of Management and Economics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10399_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3076","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-022-00775-4","volume":"21","author":"EA Killick","year":"2023","unstructured":"Killick, E. A., & Griffiths, M. D. (2023). Sports Betting Advertising: A Systematic Review of Content Analysis Studies. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 21(5), 3076\u20133102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11469-022-00775-4","journal-title":"International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction"},{"issue":"4","key":"10399_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1111\/jpr.12084","volume":"57","author":"J-H Kim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kim, J.-H. (2015). Self-congruity effects: A critical review and an integrative model. Japanese Psychological Research, 57(4), 348\u2013362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jpr.12084","journal-title":"Japanese Psychological Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10399_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.47544\/johsk.2021.2.4.20","volume":"2","author":"D Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim, D., Koo, G., Kim, M., Shin, S., & Dixon, A. (2021). Development of a multi-dimensional scale to measure professional athletes as role models. Journal of Health, Sports, and Kinesiology, 2(4), 20\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.47544\/johsk.2021.2.4.20","journal-title":"Journal of Health, Sports, and Kinesiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10399_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1111\/soin.12565","volume":"94","author":"A Lambert-Swain","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lambert-Swain, A. (2024). Cognitive Dissonance and the Maintenance of a Positive Self-Concept among Interracially Partnered Whites. Sociological Inquiry, 94(1), 28\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/soin.12565","journal-title":"Sociological Inquiry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10399_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1080\/00913367.2013.811706","volume":"43","author":"KA LaTour","year":"2014","unstructured":"LaTour, K. A., LaTour, M. S., & Brainerd, C. (2014). Fuzzy Trace Theory and \u201cSmart\u201d False Memories: Implications for Advertising. Journal of Advertising, 43(1), 3\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00913367.2013.811706","journal-title":"Journal of Advertising"},{"key":"10399_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhtm.2022.02.015","volume":"50","author":"J Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li, J., Yu, I. Y., Yang, M. X., & Chen, S. (2022). How needs for belongingness and justice influence social identity and performances: Evidence from the hospitality industry. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 50, 366\u2013374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhtm.2022.02.015","journal-title":"Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management"},{"key":"10399_CR34","unstructured":"Lind, K. (2022). Problem Gambling and Criminal Behavior: Perspectives on Comorbidities and Social Disadvantage. Tampere University. https:\/\/researchportal.tuni.fi\/en\/publications\/problem-gambling-and-criminal-behavior-perspectives-on-comorbidit"},{"issue":"3","key":"10399_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.8.2019.37","volume":"8","author":"L Lole","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lole, L., Li, E., Russell, A. M., Greer, N., Thorne, H., & Hing, N. (2019). Are sports bettors looking at responsible gambling messages? An eye-tracking study on wagering advertisements. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 8(3), 499\u2013508. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/2006.8.2019.37","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions"},{"issue":"3","key":"10399_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1177\/0193723517705545","volume":"41","author":"H Lopez-Gonzalez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lopez-Gonzalez, H., Est\u00e9vez, A., & Griffiths, M. D. (2017). Marketing and advertising online sports betting: A problem gambling perspective. Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 41(3), 256\u2013272. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0193723517705545","journal-title":"Journal of Sport and Social Issues"},{"issue":"3","key":"10399_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1080\/14459795.2021.1937274","volume":"21","author":"H Lopez-Gonzalez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lopez-Gonzalez, H., Griffiths, M. D., & Jimenez-Murcia, S. (2021). The symbolic construction of sports betting products. International Gambling Studies, 21(3), 498\u2013515. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14459795.2021.1937274","journal-title":"International Gambling Studies"},{"issue":"2","key":"10399_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.2307\/3151660","volume":"23","author":"SB MacKenzie","year":"1986","unstructured":"MacKenzie, S. B., Lutz, R. J., & Belch, G. E. (1986). The role of attitude toward the ad as a mediator of advertising effectiveness: A test of competing explanations. Journal of Marketing Research, 23(2), 130\u2013143. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/3151660","journal-title":"Journal of Marketing Research"},{"key":"10399_CR39","unstructured":"Manzo, J. R. (2025). ESPN Launches \u201cThe Talk\u201d Campaign to Promote Responsible Sports Betting. ESPN Press Room U.S. https:\/\/espnpressroom.com\/us\/press-releases\/2025\/01\/espn-launches-the-talk-campaign-to-promote-responsible-sports-betting\/"},{"key":"10399_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"McCullock, S. P., Louderback, E. R., & LaPlante, D. A. (2024). Examining factors that hinder the efficacy of responsible gambling messages: Modeling predictors and effects of responsible gambling message fatigue. International Gambling Studies, 0(0), 1\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14459795.2024.2409430","DOI":"10.1080\/14459795.2024.2409430"},{"key":"10399_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.4309\/jgi.2008.22.6","volume":"22","author":"JL McMullan","year":"2008","unstructured":"McMullan, J. L., & Miller, D. (2008). All in! The commercial advertising of offshore gambling on television. Journal of Gambling Issues, 22, 230\u2013251. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4309\/jgi.2008.22.6","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Issues"},{"issue":"3","key":"10399_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1177\/00222429211029199","volume":"86","author":"V Melnyk","year":"2022","unstructured":"Melnyk, V., Carrillat, F. A., & Melnyk, V. (2022). The influence of social norms on consumer behavior: A meta-analysis. Journal of Marketing, 86(3), 98\u2013120. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00222429211029199","journal-title":"Journal of Marketing"},{"issue":"3","key":"10399_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024979232287","volume":"13","author":"SM Moore","year":"1997","unstructured":"Moore, S. M., & Ohtsuka, K. (1997). Gambling activities of young australians: Developing a model of behaviour. Journal of Gambling Studies, 13(3), 207\u2013236. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/A:1024979232287","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"issue":"1","key":"10399_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1080\/15252019.2021.2014371","volume":"22","author":"J Mundel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mundel, J., & Yang, J. (2022). Hispanics\u2019 response to ethnic targeting ads for unhealthy products: Examining the roles of endorser identification and endorser-product matchup. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 22(1), 28\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15252019.2021.2014371","journal-title":"Journal of Interactive Advertising"},{"issue":"1","key":"10399_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3316\/informit.820177312012393","volume":"26","author":"J Nikkinen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nikkinen, J., & Marionneau, V. (2020). Gambling and the common good. Gambling Research: Journal of the National Association for Gambling Studies (Australia), 26(1), 3\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3316\/informit.820177312012393","journal-title":"Gambling Research: Journal of the National Association for Gambling Studies (Australia)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10399_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1108\/JIMA-10-2020-0316","volume":"13","author":"U Noor","year":"2022","unstructured":"Noor, U., Mansoor, M., & Rabbani, S. (2022). Brand hate and retaliation in Muslim consumers: Does offensive advertising matter? Journal of Islamic Marketing, 13(6), 1395\u20131413. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/JIMA-10-2020-0316","journal-title":"Journal of Islamic Marketing"},{"key":"10399_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.7.2018.128","author":"C Nyemcsok","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nyemcsok, C., Thomas, S. L., Bestman, A., Pitt, H., Daube, M., & Cassidy, R. (2018). Young People\u2019s Recall and Perceptions of Gambling Advertising and Intentions to Gamble on Sport. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/2006.7.2018.128","journal-title":"Young People\u2019s Recall and Perceptions of Gambling Advertising and Intentions to Gamble on Sport."},{"key":"10399_CR48","unstructured":"Petrella, S. (2024). Online Sports Betting Legalization Tracker: North Carolina Goes Live; 4 States Make Some Progress. Action Network. https:\/\/www.actionnetwork.com\/news\/legal-sports-betting-united-states-projections"},{"issue":"3","key":"10399_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1002\/hpja.12","volume":"29","author":"H Pitt","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pitt, H., Thomas, S. L., Bestman, A., Randle, M., & Daube, M. (2018). Do betting advertisements contain attention strategies that may appeal to children? An interpretative content analysis. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 29(3), 265\u2013273. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hpja.12","journal-title":"Health Promotion Journal of Australia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10399_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"daae12","DOI":"10.1093\/heapro\/daae012","volume":"39","author":"H Pitt","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pitt, H., McCarthy, S., Randle, M., Daube, M., & Thomas, S. L. (2024). Young people\u2019s views about the use of celebrities and social media influencers in gambling marketing. Health Promotion International, 39(1), daae12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/heapro\/daae012","journal-title":"Health Promotion International"},{"key":"10399_CR51","unstructured":"Ramsey, E. (2025). Turning The Page On A Record 2024 For US Sports Betting. Legal Sports Report. https:\/\/www.legalsportsreport.com\/218449\/2024-us-sports-betting-revenue\/"},{"issue":"7","key":"10399_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1108\/JSM-07-2020-0295","volume":"34","author":"MS Rosenbaum","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rosenbaum, M. S., & Russell-Bennett, R. (2020). Editorial: Bringing socially unacceptable services into services marketing. Journal of Services Marketing, 34(7), 885\u2013887. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/JSM-07-2020-0295","journal-title":"Journal of Services Marketing"},{"issue":"2","key":"10399_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1509\/jmkr.38.2.225.18838","volume":"38","author":"S Sen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sen, S., & Bhattacharya, C. B. (2001). Does doing good always lead to doing better? Consumer reactions to corporate social responsibility. Journal of Marketing Research, 38(2), 225\u2013243. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1509\/jmkr.38.2.225.18838","journal-title":"Journal of Marketing Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"10399_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.1177\/0972150918794974","volume":"19","author":"RP Singh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Singh, R. P., & Banerjee, N. (2018). Exploring the influence of celebrity credibility on brand attitude, advertisement attitude and purchase intention. Global Business Review, 19(6), 1622\u20131639. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0972150918794974","journal-title":"Global Business Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"10399_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1080\/00913367.2021.1934199","volume":"51","author":"R Terlutter","year":"2022","unstructured":"Terlutter, R., Diehl, S., Koinig, I., Chan, K., & Tsang, L. (2022). \u201cI\u2019m (Not) Offended by Whom I See!\u201d The role of culture and model ethnicity in shaping consumers\u2019 responses toward offensive nudity advertising in asia and western europe. Journal of Advertising, 51(1), 57\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00913367.2021.1934199","journal-title":"Journal of Advertising"},{"issue":"3","key":"10399_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1080\/13527266.2014.894931","volume":"22","author":"E Tzoumaka","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tzoumaka, E., Tsiotsou, R. H., & Siomkos, G. (2016). Delineating the role of endorser\u2019s perceived qualities and consumer characteristics on celebrity endorsement effectiveness. Journal of Marketing Communications, 22(3), 307\u2013326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13527266.2014.894931","journal-title":"Journal of Marketing Communications"},{"issue":"4","key":"10399_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18041803","volume":"18","author":"X Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang, X., Won, D., & Jeon, H. S. (2021). Predictors of sports gambling among college students: The role of the theory of planned behavior and problem gambling severity. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(4), 1803. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph18041803","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"key":"10399_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107440","volume":"135","author":"H Wardle","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wardle, H., Critchlow, N., Brown, A., Donnachie, C., Kolesnikov, A., & Hunt, K. (2022). The association between gambling marketing and unplanned gambling spend: Synthesised findings from two online cross-sectional surveys. Addictive Behaviors, 135, Article 107440. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107440","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"10399_CR59","unstructured":"Williams, R. J., West, B. L., & Simpson, R. I. (2012). Prevention of Problem Gambling: A Comprehensive Review of the Evidence, and Identified Best Practices. [Report prepared for the Ontario Problem Gambling Research Centre and the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care.]. https:\/\/www.greo.ca\/Modules\/EvidenceCentre\/files\/Williams%20et%20al(2012)Prevention_of_problem_gambling_A_comprehensive_review.pdf"},{"issue":"7","key":"10399_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1080\/10548408.2018.1468851","volume":"35","author":"X Xu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Xu, X., & Pratt, S. (2018). Social media influencers as endorsers to promote travel destinations: An application of self-congruence theory to the Chinese Generation Y. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 35(7), 958\u2013972. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10548408.2018.1468851","journal-title":"Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing"},{"issue":"1","key":"10399_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1108\/IJCHM-09-2016-0543","volume":"30","author":"W Yang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yang, W. (2018). Star power: The evolution of celebrity endorsement research. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 30(1), 389\u2013415. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/IJCHM-09-2016-0543","journal-title":"International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management"}],"container-title":["Journal of Gambling Studies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10899-025-10399-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10899-025-10399-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10899-025-10399-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T05:15:00Z","timestamp":1764134100000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10899-025-10399-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10399"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10899-025-10399-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1573-3602"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1573-3602","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 May 2025","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 June 2025","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in the current study involving human participants were in accordance with ethical standards. The current research was approved by the Purdue University Institutional Review Board (IRB#: IRB-2024\u20131818).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human Animal Right"}},{"value":"The authors report no conflicts of financial or non-financial interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interests"}}]}}