{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T10:21:23Z","timestamp":1794219683920,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788652800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788652800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of North Carolina at Asheville","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/017c6at71","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Community Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>People with disabilities are particularly vulnerable to the impact of natural disasters such as hurricanes and tropical storms. They also experience greater difficulty obtaining relief aid as well as recovering from storm-related impacts. The purpose of this study was to examine the experiences of people with disabilities as well as parents of someone disabled following Tropical Storm Helene, which struck the western North Carolina region in late September 2024. In the present study, 40 disabled adults and 28 parents of a disabled child, teen, or adult reported on their experiences with disaster response services following Tropical Storm Helene. Respondents completed surveys consisting of both open-ended and selected-response items. Respondents shared personal experiences with evacuating, accessing community care stations, and barriers to obtaining resources. A number of recommendations are offered to promote more inclusive responses to future natural disasters. These recommendations include clearer communication about the availability of resources as well as providing additional ways to access them.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10900-026-01629-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T12:46:21Z","timestamp":1788698781000},"page":"1169-1176","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Inclusive Disaster Relief Lessons learned for People with Disabilities from Hurricane Helene (2024) in North Carolina, USA"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1861-4153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evelyn S.","family":"Chiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Morrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexis S.","family":"Cangemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justine","family":"Richelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlie","family":"Marsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin","family":"Shepard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"1629_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2022.00474","volume":"41","author":"A Engelman","year":"2022","unstructured":"Engelman, A., Craig, L., & Iles, A. (2022). Global disability justice in climate disasters: Mobilizing people with disabilities as change agents. Health Affairs, 41(10), 1496\u20131504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1377\/hlthaff.2022.00474","journal-title":"Health Affairs"},{"issue":"1","key":"1629_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1080\/01441647.2023.2229031","volume":"44","author":"A Tessier","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tessier, A., Cl\u00e9ment, M. G., G\u00e9linas, I., Boucher, N., Croteau, C., Morin, D., Turcotte, M., & Archambault, P. S. (2024). The impact of transportation on the employment of people with disabilities: A scoping review. Transport Reviews, 44(1), 85\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01441647.2023.2229031","journal-title":"Transport Reviews"},{"issue":"7","key":"1629_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh270","volume":"160","author":"YJ Chou","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chou, Y. J., Huang, N., Lee, C. H., Tsai, S. L., Chen, L. S., & Chang, H. J. (2004). Who is at risk of death in an earthquake? American Journal of Epidemiology, 160(7), 688\u2013695. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/aje\/kwh270","journal-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"1629_CR4","unstructured":"Wisner, B. (2002). Disability and disaster: Victimhood and agency in earthquake risk reduction. Northumbria University."},{"issue":"3","key":"1629_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1061\/(asce)1527-6988(2002)3:3(98)","volume":"3","author":"M Van Willigen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Van Willigen, M., Edwards, T., Edwards, B., & Hessee, S. (2002). Riding out the storm: Experiences of the physically disabled during Hurricanes Bonnie, Dennis, and Floyd. Natural Hazards Review, 3(3), 98\u2013106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1061\/(asce)1527-6988(2002)3:3(98)","journal-title":"Natural Hazards Review"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"1629_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1080\/17477891.2011.594492","volume":"10","author":"J Twigg","year":"2011","unstructured":"Twigg, J., Kett, M., Bottomley, H., Tan, L. T., & Nasreddin, H. (2011). Disability and public shelter in emergencies. Environmental Hazards, 10(3\u20134), 248\u2013261. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17477891.2011.594492","journal-title":"Environmental Hazards"},{"key":"1629_CR7","first-page":"37","volume":"19","author":"S Phibbs","year":"2015","unstructured":"Phibbs, S., Good, G. A., Severinsen, C. A., Woodbury, E., & Williamson, K. (2015). Emergency preparedness and perceptions of vulnerability among disabled people following the Christchurch earthquakes: Applying lessons learnt to the Hyogo Framework for Action. Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies, 19, 37\u201346.","journal-title":"Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies"},{"key":"1629_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hunt, M. R., Chung, R., Durocher, E., & Henrys, J. H. (2015). Haitian and international responders\u2019 and decision-makers\u2019 perspectives regarding disability and the response to the 2010 Haiti earthquake. Global Health Action, 8(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3402\/gha.v8.27969","DOI":"10.3402\/gha.v8.27969"},{"issue":"4","key":"1629_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1177\/1525740114545980","volume":"36","author":"DE Battle","year":"2015","unstructured":"Battle, D. E. (2015). Persons with communication disabilities in natural disasters, war, and\/or conflict. Communication Disorders Quarterly, 36(4), 231\u2013240. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1525740114545980","journal-title":"Communication Disorders Quarterly"},{"key":"1629_CR10","volume-title":"Disaster, disability, &amp; difference: A study of the challenges faced by persons with disabilities in post-earthquake Nepal","author":"A Lord","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lord, A., Sijapati, B., Baniya, J., Chand, O., & Ghale, T. (2016). Disaster, disability, & difference: A study of the challenges faced by persons with disabilities in post-earthquake Nepal. United Nations Development Programme."},{"key":"1629_CR11","unstructured":"Hagen, A., Cangialosi, J., Chenard, M., Alaka, L., & Delgado, S. (2025). Hurricane Helene. National Hurricane Center Tropical Cyclone Report. https:\/\/www.nhc.noaa.gov\/data\/tcr\/AL092024_Helene.pdf"},{"key":"1629_CR12","unstructured":"Sobiesz\u0107zyk, S., & Hays, A. (2025). Hurricane Helene\u2019s deadly landslide legacy. 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(2024b). Thousands in WNC still without internet and wireless service. Blue Ridge Public Radio. https:\/\/www.bpr.org\/bpr-news\/2024-10-16\/thousands-in-wnc-still-without-internet-and-wireless-service"},{"key":"1629_CR17","unstructured":"The Associated Press (2024, September 28). Tropical weather latest: Millions still without power from Helene as flooding continues. https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/hurricane-helene-latest-death-toll-aftermath-52162181c47f400351397fe1c71e32a6"},{"key":"1629_CR18","unstructured":"North Carolina Department of Transportation (2024, October 14). NCDOT making steady progress but faces long road to recovery after Hurricane Helene. https:\/\/www.ncdot.gov\/news\/press-releases\/Pages\/2024\/2024-10-14-ncdot-hurricane-helene-recovery.aspx"},{"key":"1629_CR19","unstructured":"Collins, J. (2024, September 30). Supplies arrive by plane and by mule in North Carolina as Helene\u2019s death toll tops 130. 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Buncombe County community care station opens in Swannanoa, NC. https:\/\/www.dvidshub.net\/video\/939972\/buncombe-county-community-care-station-opens-swannanoa-nc"},{"key":"1629_CR24","unstructured":"Hackett, L. (2025, May 2). A milestone. Final community care station closes in Buncombe County. Blue Ridge Public Radio. https:\/\/www.bpr.org\/bpr-news\/2025-05-02\/a-milestone-final-community-care-station-closes-in-buncombe-county"},{"key":"1629_CR25","unstructured":"FEMA. (n.d.). Hurricane Helene. Retrieved January 5 (2026). from https:\/\/www.fema.gov\/disaster\/current\/hurricane-helene"},{"key":"1629_CR26","unstructured":"The Partnership for Inclusive Disaster Strategies. (n.d.). Disability & disaster hotline. Retrieved January 6 (2026). from https:\/\/disasterstrategies.org\/hotline\/"},{"key":"1629_CR27","unstructured":"Rose, J., & Arrieta, R. (2024, October 13). With no running water, Asheville finds other ways to flush thousands of toilets. 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