{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T20:30:15Z","timestamp":1793392215418,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]],"date-time":"2025-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755043200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]],"date-time":"2025-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004459","name":"RAND Corporation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004459","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Immigrant Minority Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    African-born Black women living in the US experience markedly higher rates of HIV diagnosis than their US-born counterparts, with condom use and PrEP remaining underutilized despite their effectiveness. Existing HIV prevention interventions for African-born Black women are limited in scope; some lack cultural tailoring, linguistic appropriateness, and most not do include PrEP. Using the ADAPT-ITT model, we culturally adapted two evidence-based interventions for US Black women\u2013Sister-to-Sister and Sisters Informing Sisters about Topics on AIDS (SISTA)\u2013to increase condom use and PrEP uptake among African-born Black women through community stakeholder input.\u00a0\n                    <jats:italic>DADA<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which was adapted from SISTA, consists of two 3-hour peer-led, group-level intervention and\n                    <jats:italic>Dada kwa Dada (DKD)<\/jats:italic>\n                    , adapted from Sister-to-Sister, is a 1-hour individual-level intervention. To test feasibility and acceptability, 29 African-born women without HIV were recruited from social media groups and community partner listservs in Massachusetts and New York; 17 were randomized to\n                    <jats:italic>DKD<\/jats:italic>\n                    and 12 to\n                    <jats:italic>DADA<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Participants completed risk assessments at baseline and provided post-intervention feedback interviews and surveys.\u00a0Both adapted interventions demonstrated high feasibility and acceptability, with participants expressing positive qualitative and quantitative feedback regarding their culturally appropriateness, and relevance.\u00a0This study addresses critical gaps in tailored HIV prevention approaches for African-born Black women and paves the way for future trials to improve condom use and PrEP in this population. Next steps are to conduct a fully-powered comparative effectiveness trial to assess the relative impact of both interventions on increased condom use and uptake of PrEP.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-025-01762-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]],"date-time":"2025-08-13T05:01:17Z","timestamp":1755061277000},"page":"105-118","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Evaluating the Cultural Adaptation of Evidence-Based HIV Prevention Interventions for African Immigrant Women: Exploratory Pilot Mixed-Methods Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5887-5481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nipher","family":"Malika","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura M.","family":"Bogart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nabila","family":"Adamu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gray","family":"Maganga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine D.","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esete Habtemariam","family":"Fenta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khady","family":"Diouf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bisola","family":"Ojikutu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"1762_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S129355","volume":"9","author":"ON Okoro","year":"2017","unstructured":"Okoro ON, Whitson SO. HIV risk and barriers to care for African-born immigrant women: a sociocultural outlook. Int J Womens Health. 2017;9:421\u201329.  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IJWH.S129355.","journal-title":"Int J Womens Health"},{"key":"1762_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-018-0699-4","volume":"21","author":"HB Demeke","year":"2019","unstructured":"Demeke HB, et al. Differences between US-born and non-US-born black adults reported with diagnosed HIV infection: United States, 2008\u20132014. J Immigr Minor Health. 2019;21:30\u20138.","journal-title":"J Immigr Minor Health"},{"key":"1762_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aidoo-Frimpong G et al. African immigrants and the end of the HIV epidemic in the united states: actionable recommendations to enhance equity. Am J Public Health, 2025;115(9):1490\u201399.","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2025.308160"},{"issue":"12","key":"1762_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1542","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2018.1497767","volume":"30","author":"B Ojikutu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ojikutu B, et al. African born women living with HIV in the United States: unmet needs and opportunities for intervention. AIDS Care. 2018;30(12):1542\u201350.","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"1762_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-014-0954-1","volume":"19","author":"EW Wiewel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wiewel EW, et al. Foreign-born persons diagnosed with HIV: where are they from and where were they infected? AIDS Behav. 2015;19:890\u20138.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"4","key":"1762_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qai.0000200663.47838.f1","volume":"41","author":"H-H Lin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lin H-H, et al. Genetic characterization of diverse HIV-1 strains in an immigrant population living in New York City. JAIDS J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2006;41(4):399\u2013404.","journal-title":"JAIDS J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"issue":"5","key":"1762_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000001541","volume":"76","author":"EE Valverde","year":"2017","unstructured":"Valverde EE, et al. HIV transmission dynamics among foreign-born persons in the United States. JAIDS J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2017;76(5):445\u201352.","journal-title":"JAIDS J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"1762_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-016-0458-3","volume":"19","author":"RP Kerani","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kerani RP, et al. Evidence of local HIV transmission in the African community of King county, Washington. J Immigr Minor Health. 2017;19:891\u20136.","journal-title":"J Immigr Minor Health"},{"key":"1762_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/gatesopenres.13278.1","author":"J Stover","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stover J, Teng Y. The impact of condom use on the HIV epidemic. Gates Open Res. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/gatesopenres.13278.1.","journal-title":"Gates Open Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"1762_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000001707","volume":"78","author":"N Khurana","year":"2018","unstructured":"Khurana N, et al. Impact of improved HIV care and treatment on PrEP effectiveness in the United States, 2016\u20132020. JAIDS J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2018;78(4):399\u2013405.","journal-title":"JAIDS J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"1762_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-015-0850-2","volume":"44","author":"CD Spinner","year":"2016","unstructured":"Spinner CD, et al. HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP): a review of current knowledge of oral systemic HIV PrEP in humans. Infection. 2016;44:151\u20138.","journal-title":"Infection"},{"issue":"1","key":"1762_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-019-00873-x","volume":"22","author":"ON Okoro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Okoro ON, Whitson SO. Sexual health, HIV care and pre-exposure prophylaxis in the African immigrant population: a needs assessment. J Immigr Minor Health. 2020;22(1):134\u201344.","journal-title":"J Immigr Minor Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"1762_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0250800","volume":"16","author":"DA Roberts","year":"2021","unstructured":"Roberts DA, et al. Barriers to accessing preventive health care among African-born individuals in King county, Washington: a qualitative study involving key informants. PLoS One. 2021;16(5): e0250800.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"1762_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-020-01138-8","volume":"23","author":"G Aidoo-Frimpong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aidoo-Frimpong G, Agbemenu K, Orom H. A review of cultural influences on risk for HIV and culturally-responsive risk mitigation strategies among African immigrants in the US. J Immigr Minor Health. 2021;23(6):1280\u201392.","journal-title":"J Immigr Minor Health"},{"issue":"01","key":"1762_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.4236\/ojpm.2013.31011","volume":"3","author":"S Feresu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Feresu S, Smith L. Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about HIV\/AIDS of Sudanese and Bantu Somali immigrant women living in Omaha, Nebraska. Open J Prev Med. 2013;3(01):84.","journal-title":"Open J Prev Med"},{"key":"1762_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-014-0136-2","volume":"18","author":"C Bova","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bova C, et al. HIV stigma, testing attitudes and health care access among African-born men living in the united States. J Immigr Minor Health. 2016;18:187\u201393.","journal-title":"J Immigr Minor Health"},{"key":"1762_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-013-9829-1","volume":"16","author":"AM Akinsulure-Smith","year":"2014","unstructured":"Akinsulure-Smith AM. Exploring HIV knowledge, risk and protective factors among West African forced migrants in new York City. J Immigr Minor Health. 2014;16:481\u201391.","journal-title":"J Immigr Minor Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"1762_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.2018.30.5.419","volume":"30","author":"B Sabri","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sabri B. Perspectives on factors related to HIV risk and preventative interventions at multiple levels: a study of African immigrant women survivors of cumulative trauma. AIDS Educ Prev. 2018;30(5):419\u201333.","journal-title":"AIDS Educ Prev"},{"issue":"5","key":"1762_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jana.2016.04.009","volume":"27","author":"C Nnaji","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nnaji C, et al. Safety net party: a group-based program to prevent HIV\/STDs in African-born women in the United States. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2016;27(5):731\u20139.","journal-title":"J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"1762_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2012.0312","volume":"27","author":"B Ojikutu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ojikutu B, et al. All black people are not alike: differences in HIV testing patterns, knowledge, and experience of stigma between US-born and non\u2013US-born blacks in Massachusetts. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2013;27(1):45\u201354.","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDS"},{"issue":"5","key":"1762_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2014.1002827","volume":"27","author":"M De Jesus","year":"2015","unstructured":"De Jesus M, et al. Getting tested is almost like going to the Salem witch trials: discordant discourses between Western public health messages and sociocultural expectations surrounding HIV testing among East African immigrant women. AIDS Care. 2015;27(5):604\u201311.","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"1762_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000386","volume":"43","author":"M De Jesus","year":"2016","unstructured":"De Jesus M, et al. A one-size-fits-all HIV prevention and education approach? Interpreting divergent HIV risk perceptions between African American and East African immigrant women in Washington, DC using the proximate-determinants conceptual framework. Sex Transm Dis. 2016;43(2):78\u201383.","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"1762_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-016-0431-1","volume":"19","author":"HA Kwakwa","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kwakwa HA, et al. Engaging African and Caribbean immigrants in HIV testing and care in a large US city: lessons learned from the African diaspora health initiative. J Immigr Minor Health. 2017;19:818\u201324.","journal-title":"J Immigr Minor Health"},{"key":"1762_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-009-9229-8","volume":"12","author":"KOA Simbiri","year":"2010","unstructured":"Simbiri KOA, et al. Access impediments to health care and social services between Anglophone and Francophone African immigrants living in Philadelphia with respect to HIV\/AIDS. J Immigr Minor Health. 2010;12:569\u201379.","journal-title":"J Immigr Minor Health"},{"key":"1762_CR25","unstructured":"Diouf K et al. HIV Prevention and Sexual Health Needs Among African Born Black Women in the United States: A Qualitative Study."},{"issue":"supp","key":"1762_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.2006.18.supp.149","volume":"18","author":"C Prather","year":"2006","unstructured":"Prather C, et al. Diffusing an HIV prevention intervention for African American women: integrating Afrocentric components into the SISTA diffusion strategy. AIDS Educ Prev. 2006;18(supp):149\u201360.","journal-title":"AIDS Educ Prev"},{"issue":"supp","key":"1762_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.2006.18.supp.161","volume":"18","author":"GM Wingood","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wingood GM, DiClemente RJ. Enhancing adoption of evidence\u2013based HIV interventions: promotion of a suite of HIV prevention interventions for African American women. AIDS Educ Prev. 2006;18(supp):161\u201370.","journal-title":"AIDS Educ Prev"},{"key":"1762_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-012-0292-0","volume":"17","author":"TN Sapiano","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sapiano TN, et al. Evaluation of an HIV prevention intervention designed for African American women: results from the SISTA community-based organization behavioral outcomes project. AIDS Behav. 2013;17:1052\u201367.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"1762_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1177\/1524839912474276","volume":"14","author":"PL Jones","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jones PL, et al. Lessons learned from field-testing a brief behavioral intervention package for African American women at risk for HIV\/STDs. Health Promot Pract. 2013;14(2):168\u201373.","journal-title":"Health Promot Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"1762_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2005.073411","volume":"97","author":"C DiIorio","year":"2007","unstructured":"DiIorio C, et al. REAL men: a group-randomized trial of an HIV prevention intervention for adolescent boys. Am J Public Health. 2007;97(6):1084\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"1762_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-625","volume":"13","author":"C Maulsby","year":"2013","unstructured":"Maulsby C, et al. A systematic review of HIV interventions for black men who have sex with men (MSM). BMC Public Health. 2013;13:1\u201313.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"5suppl","key":"1762_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S11","DOI":"10.1177\/1090198109338917","volume":"36","author":"RJ Pasick","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pasick RJ, et al. Behavioral theory in a diverse society: like a compass on Mars. Health Educ Behav. 2009;36(5suppl):S11\u201335.","journal-title":"Health Educ Behav"},{"key":"1762_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S40","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3181605df1","volume":"47","author":"GM Wingood","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wingood GM, DiClemente RJ. The ADAPT-ITT model: a novel method of adapting evidence-based HIV interventions. JAIDS J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2008;47:S40-6.","journal-title":"JAIDS J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"issue":"5","key":"1762_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-8062.2011.00347.x","volume":"4","author":"CG Moore","year":"2011","unstructured":"Moore CG, et al. Recommendations for planning pilot studies in clinical and translational research. Clin Transl Sci. 2011;4(5):332\u20137.","journal-title":"Clin Transl Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1762_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000001664","volume":"60","author":"JA Teresi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Teresi JA, et al. Guidelines for designing and evaluating feasibility pilot studies. Med Care. 2022;60(1):95\u2013103.","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"1762_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/s10488-010-0319-7","volume":"38","author":"E Proctor","year":"2011","unstructured":"Proctor E, et al. Outcomes for implementation research: conceptual distinctions, measurement challenges, and research agenda. Adm Policy Ment Health. 2011;38:65\u201376.","journal-title":"Adm Policy Ment Health"},{"key":"1762_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-10-1","volume":"10","author":"L Thabane","year":"2010","unstructured":"Thabane L, et al. A tutorial on pilot studies: the what, why and how. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2010;10:1\u201310.","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"1762_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L\u00e9pine A, Cust H, Treibich C. What Drives HIV in Africa? Addressing Economic Gender Inequalities to Close the HIV Gender Gap, in Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Economics and Finance. 2023.","DOI":"10.1093\/acrefore\/9780190625979.013.880"},{"issue":"1","key":"1762_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.17.1.19035","volume":"17","author":"ET Richardson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Richardson ET, et al. Gender inequality and HIV transmission: a global analysis. J Int AIDS Soc. 2014;17(1): 19035.","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"1762_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13033-023-00571-0","volume":"17","author":"R Appiah","year":"2023","unstructured":"Appiah R. Facilitating change processes in group-based behaviour change interventions in rural African contexts: practical lessons from Ghana. Int J Ment Health Syst. 2023;17(1): 3.","journal-title":"Int J Ment Health Syst"},{"issue":"2","key":"1762_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bs13020169","volume":"13","author":"J Jiao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jiao J, Zhao J. Individualism, collectivism, and allocation behavior: evidence from the ultimatum game and dictator game. Behav Sci. 2023;13(2): 169.","journal-title":"Behav Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"1762_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.6.4.304","volume":"6","author":"KF Geisinger","year":"1994","unstructured":"Geisinger KF. Cross-cultural normative assessment: translation and adaptation issues influencing the normative interpretation of assessment instruments. Psychol Assess. 1994;6(4):304.","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"issue":"2","key":"1762_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-43.2.215","volume":"43","author":"M Kang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kang M, Ragan BG, Park J-H. Issues in outcomes research: an overview of randomization techniques for clinical trials. J Athl Train. 2008;43(2):215\u201321.","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"key":"1762_CR44","unstructured":"Calinski T, Kageyama S. Block designs: A randomization approach: volume II: design. Volume 170. Springer Science & Business Media; 2012."},{"key":"1762_CR45","volume-title":"Sub-Saharan African Immigrants in the United States","author":"J Lorenzi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lorenzi J, Batalova J. Sub-Saharan African Immigrants in the United States. Migraiton Policy Institute; 2022."},{"issue":"3","key":"1762_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1177\/1049731511426277","volume":"22","author":"AK Hughes","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hughes AK, Admiraal KR. A systematic review of HIV\/AIDS knowledge measures. Res Soc Work Pract. 2012;22(3):313\u201322.","journal-title":"Res Soc Work Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"1762_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.14.2.172.23902","volume":"14","author":"MP Carey","year":"2002","unstructured":"Carey MP, Schroder KE. Development and psychometric evaluation of the brief HIV knowledge questionnaire. AIDS Educ Prev. 2002;14(2):172\u201382.","journal-title":"AIDS Educ Prev"},{"key":"1762_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-016-0910-4","volume":"47","author":"P Janulis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Janulis P, et al. Evaluating HIV knowledge questionnaires among men who have sex with men: a multi-study item response theory analysis. Arch Sex Behav. 2018;47:107\u201319.","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"key":"1762_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-017-2031-8","volume":"17","author":"M Sekhon","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sekhon M, Cartwright M, Francis JJ. Acceptability of healthcare interventions: an overview of reviews and development of a theoretical framework. BMC Health Serv Res. 2017;17:1\u201313.","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"1762_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1080\/07421222.2003.11045748","volume":"19","author":"WH DeLone","year":"2003","unstructured":"DeLone WH, McLean ER. The DeLone and McLean model of information systems success: a ten-year update. J Manage Inform Syst. 2003;19(4):9\u201330.","journal-title":"J Manage Inform Syst"},{"issue":"1","key":"1762_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.3.1.60","volume":"3","author":"WH DeLone","year":"1992","unstructured":"DeLone WH, McLean ER. Information systems success: the quest for the dependent variable. Inf Syst Res. 1992;3(1):60\u201395.","journal-title":"Inf Syst Res"},{"key":"1762_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2031","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-013-0469-1","volume":"17","author":"KJ Horvath","year":"2013","unstructured":"Horvath KJ, et al. Feasibility, acceptability and preliminary efficacy of an online peer-to-peer social support ART adherence intervention. AIDS Behav. 2013;17:2031\u201344.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"14","key":"1762_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsr1203730","volume":"367","author":"RJ Little","year":"2012","unstructured":"Little RJ, et al. The prevention and treatment of missing data in clinical trials. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(14):1355\u201360.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"1762_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732305285972","volume":"16","author":"D Walker","year":"2006","unstructured":"Walker D, Myrick F. Grounded theory: an exploration of process and procedure. Qual Health Res. 2006;16(4):547\u201359.","journal-title":"Qual Health Res"},{"key":"1762_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203793206","volume-title":"Discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research","author":"B Glaser","year":"2017","unstructured":"Glaser B, Strauss A. Discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Routledge; 2017."},{"issue":"2","key":"1762_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1177\/1525822X19838237","volume":"31","author":"MA Cascio","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cascio MA, et al. A team-based approach to open coding: considerations for creating intercoder consensus. Field Methods. 2019;31(2):116\u201330.","journal-title":"Field Methods"},{"issue":"3","key":"1762_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2012.031","volume":"22","author":"ML McHugh","year":"2012","unstructured":"McHugh ML. Interrater reliability: the kappa statistic. Biochem Med Zagreb. 2012;22(3):276\u201382.","journal-title":"Biochem Med Zagreb"},{"issue":"6","key":"1762_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-023-01515-z","volume":"25","author":"G Aidoo-Frimpong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Aidoo-Frimpong G, et al. The promise of pre-exposure prophylaxis\u2013examining awareness, knowledge, and willingness to use different modalities among US-based African immigrants. J Immigr Minor Health. 2023;25(6):1331\u20138.","journal-title":"J Immigr Minor Health"}],"container-title":["Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10903-025-01762-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10903-025-01762-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10903-025-01762-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T12:04:20Z","timestamp":1776254660000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10903-025-01762-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["1762"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10903-025-01762-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1557-1912","1557-1920"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1557-1912","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-1920","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 July 2025","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 August 2025","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that there are no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}