{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T18:00:24Z","timestamp":1781632824074,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770422400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":38,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000289","name":"Cancer Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Prevent Breast Cancer"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10911-026-09596-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T09:15:46Z","timestamp":1770455746000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Patient-Derived Procoagulant Breast Fibroblasts Expressing Tissue Factor Promote Breast Cancer Cell Migration"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Hadiyat A.","family":"Ogunlayi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Castle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma L.","family":"Blower","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert B.","family":"Clarke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cliona C.","family":"Kirwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"9596_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834","volume":"74","author":"F Bray","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Soerjomataram I, et al. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2024;74:229\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3322\/caac.21834.","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"9596_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1007\/s13402-021-00634-9","volume":"44","author":"U Mehraj","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mehraj U, Ganai RA, Macha MA, Hamid A, Zargar MA, Bhat AA, et al. The tumor microenvironment as driver of stemness and therapeutic resistance in breast cancer: new challenges and therapeutic opportunities. Cell Oncol. 2021;44:1209\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13402-021-00634-9.","journal-title":"Cell Oncol"},{"key":"9596_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.4161\/cam.20419","volume":"6","author":"M Tripathi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tripathi M, Billet S, Bhowmick NA. Understanding the role of stromal fibroblasts in cancer progression. Cell Adhes Migr. 2012;6:231\u20135.","journal-title":"Cell Adhes Migr"},{"key":"9596_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-023-04714-2","volume":"21","author":"W Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang W, Wang J, Liu C, Li Y, Sun C, Wu J, et al. Crosstalk and plasticity driving between cancer-associated fibroblasts and tumor microenvironment: significance of breast cancer metastasis. J Transl Med. 2023;21:827. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12967-023-04714-2.","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"9596_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2022.121011","volume":"310","author":"N Shukla","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shukla N, Naik A, Moryani K, Soni M, Shah J, Dave H. TGF-\u03b2 at the crossroads of multiple prognosis in breast cancer, and beyond. Life Sci. 2022;310:121011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lfs.2022.121011.","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"9596_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shi X, Young CD, Zhou H, Wang X. Transforming growth Factor-\u03b2 signaling in fibrotic diseases and Cancer-Associated fibroblasts. Biomolecules. 2020;10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biom10121666.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10121666"},{"key":"9596_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1158\/1541-7786.MCR-17-0784","volume":"16","author":"C Ringuette Goulet","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ringuette Goulet C, Bernard G, Tremblay S, Chabaud S, Bolduc S, Pouliot F. Exosomes induce fibroblast differentiation into Cancer-Associated fibroblasts through TGF\u03b2 signaling. Mol Cancer Res. 2018;16:1196\u2013204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1541-7786.MCR-17-0784.","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Res"},{"key":"9596_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2810","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.1251","volume":"30","author":"L Shangguan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shangguan L, Ti X, Krause U, Hai B, Zhao Y, Yang Z, et al. Inhibition of TGF-\u03b2\/Smad signaling by BAMBI blocks differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells to carcinoma-associated fibroblasts and abolishes their protumor effects. Stem Cells. 2012;30:2810\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/stem.1251.","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"9596_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.20024","volume":"40","author":"E Rosenthal","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rosenthal E, McCrory A, Talbert M, Young G, Murphy-Ullrich J, Gladson C. Elevated expression of TGF-beta1 in head and neck cancer-associated fibroblasts. Mol Carcinog. 2004;40:116\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mc.20024.","journal-title":"Mol Carcinog"},{"key":"9596_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2003-0063OC","volume":"29","author":"B Hu","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hu B, Wu Z, Phan SH. Smad3 mediates transforming growth factor-beta-induced alpha-smooth muscle actin expression. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2003;29:397\u2013404. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1165\/rcmb.2003-0063OC.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"9596_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bussard KM, Spaeth E, Mutkus LA, Stumpf KA, Marini FC. 11 - Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transition to Tumor-Associated Stromal Cells Contributes to Cancer Progression. In: Bolontrade MF, Garc\u00eda MGBT-MSC as TSM, editors., Boston: Academic Press; 2017, p. 253\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-12-803102-5.00011-2.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-803102-5.00011-2"},{"key":"9596_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2013.22.8.407","volume":"22","author":"P Bainbridge","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bainbridge P. Wound healing and the role of fibroblasts. J Wound Care. 2013;22:407\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12968\/jowc.2013.22.8.407.","journal-title":"J Wound Care"},{"key":"9596_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e77166","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0077166","volume":"8","author":"DC Rockey","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rockey DC, Weymouth N, Shi Z. Smooth muscle \u03b1 actin (Acta2) and myofibroblast function during hepatic wound healing. PLoS ONE. 2013;8:e77166. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0077166.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"9596_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CCID.S50046","author":"IA Darby","year":"2014","unstructured":"Darby IA, Laverdet B, Bont\u00e9 F, Desmouli\u00e8re A. Fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in wound healing. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/CCID.S50046.","journal-title":"Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol"},{"key":"9596_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9083","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M806989200","volume":"284","author":"J Webber","year":"2009","unstructured":"Webber J, Meran S, Steadman R, Phillips A. Hyaluronan orchestrates transforming growth factor-\u03b21-dependent maintenance of myofibroblast phenotype. J Biol Chem. 2009;284:9083\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M806989200.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"9596_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1650","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198612253152606","volume":"315","author":"HF Dvorak","year":"1986","unstructured":"Dvorak HF. Tumors: wounds that do not heal. Similarities between tumor stroma generation and wound healing. N Engl J Med. 1986;315:1650\u20139.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"9596_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-021-01309-w","volume":"124","author":"M Deyell","year":"2021","unstructured":"Deyell M, Garris CS, Laughney AM. Cancer metastasis as a non-healing wound. Br J Cancer. 2021;124:1491\u2013502. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41416-021-01309-w.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"9596_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1054\/bjoc.2000.1272","volume":"83","author":"T Ueno","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ueno T, Toi M, Koike M, Nakamura S, Tominaga T. Tissue factor expression in breast cancer tissues: its correlation with prognosis and plasma concentration. Br J Cancer. 2000;83:164\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1054\/bjoc.2000.1272.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"9596_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5255","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.10.5255","volume":"97","author":"E Camerer","year":"2000","unstructured":"Camerer E, Huang W, Coughlin SR. Tissue factor- and factor X-dependent activation of protease-activated receptor 2 by factor VIIa. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000;97:5255\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.97.10.5255.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"9596_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1207066","volume":"23","author":"HH Versteeg","year":"2004","unstructured":"Versteeg HH, Arnold Spek C, Richel DJ, Peppelenbosch MP. Coagulation factors VIIa and Xa inhibit apoptosis and Anoikis. Oncogene. 2004;23:410\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.onc.1207066.","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"9596_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2006.04.005","volume":"344","author":"Y Liu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Liu Y, Mueller BM. Protease-activated receptor-2 regulates vascular endothelial growth factor expression in MDA-MB-231 cells via MAPK pathways. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006;344:1263\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbrc.2006.04.005.","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"9596_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1768","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.2748","volume":"9","author":"H Shaker","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shaker H, Bundred NJ, Landberg G, Pritchard SA, Albadry H, Nicholson SL, et al. Breast cancer stromal clotting activation (Tissue factor and thrombin): A pre-invasive phenomena that is prognostic in invasion. Cancer Med. 2020;9:1768\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cam4.2748.","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"9596_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20009","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1013805107","volume":"107","author":"Y Kojima","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kojima Y, Acar A, Eaton EN, Mellody KT, Scheel C, Ittai B-P, et al. Autocrine TGF-\u03b2 and stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) signaling drives the evolution of tumor-promoting mammary stromal myofibroblasts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010;107:20009\u201314.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"9596_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2011.04318.x","volume":"9","author":"W Ruf","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ruf W, Disse J, Carneiro-Lobo TC, Yokota N, Schaffner F. Tissue factor and cell signalling in cancer progression and thrombosis. J Thromb Haemost. 2011;9(Suppl 1):306\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2011.04318.x.","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"9596_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-4598-9-122","volume":"9","author":"V Ganapathy","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ganapathy V, Ge R, Grazioli A, Xie W, Banach-Petrosky W, Kang Y, et al. Targeting the transforming growth Factor-beta pathway inhibits human basal-like breast cancer metastasis. Mol Cancer. 2010;9:122. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1476-4598-9-122.","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"key":"9596_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0279655","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0279655","volume":"18","author":"B Torsello","year":"2023","unstructured":"Torsello B, De Marco S, Bombelli S, Cifola I, Morabito I, Invernizzi L, et al. High glucose induces an activated state of partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human primary tubular cell cultures. PLoS ONE. 2023;18:e0279655. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0279655.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"9596_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1815","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2016.2768","volume":"38","author":"D Che","year":"2016","unstructured":"Che D, Zhou T, Lan Y, Xie J, Gong H, Li C, et al. High glucose-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition contributes to the upregulation of fibrogenic factors in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Int J Mol Med. 2016;38:1815\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/ijmm.2016.2768.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"key":"9596_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Caneparo C, Chabaud S, Fradette J, Bolduc S. Evaluation of a Serum-Free medium for human epithelial and stromal cell culture. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms231710035.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231710035"},{"key":"9596_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1177\/10668969221117243","volume":"31","author":"A Menz","year":"2023","unstructured":"Menz A, Gorbokon N, Viehweger F, Lennartz M, Hube-Magg C, Hornsteiner L, et al. Pan-keratin immunostaining in human tumors: A tissue microarray study of 15,940 tumors. Int J Surg Pathol. 2023;31:927\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10668969221117243.","journal-title":"Int J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"9596_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2009.01065.x","volume":"214","author":"F Haasters","year":"2009","unstructured":"Haasters F, Prall WC, Anz D, Bourquin C, Pautke C, Endres S, et al. Morphological and immunocytochemical characteristics indicate the yield of early progenitors and represent a quality control for human mesenchymal stem cell culturing. J Anat. 2009;214:759\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2009.01065.x.","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"9596_CR31","first-page":"11503","volume":"9","author":"L Jin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jin L, Qu Y, Gomez LJ, Chung S, Han B, Yue Y, et al. Characterization of primary human mammary epithelial cells isolated and propagated by conditional reprogrammed. Cell Cult. 2018;9:11503\u201314.","journal-title":"Cell Cult"},{"key":"9596_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ilg MM, Lapthorn AR, Harding SL, Minhas T, Koduri G, Bustin SA. Development of a phenotypic screening assay to measure activation of cancer-associated Fi broblasts. 2025:1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2025.1526495.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1526495"},{"key":"9596_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-019-5462-2","volume":"19","author":"TP Sandberg","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sandberg TP, Stuart MPME, Oosting J, Tollenaar RAEM, Sier CFM, Mesker WE. Increased expression of cancer-associated fibroblast markers at the invasive front and its association with tumor-stroma ratio in colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer. 2019;19:284. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12885-019-5462-2.","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"9596_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Benyahia Z, Dussault N, Cayol M, Sigaud R, Delfino C, Tounsi A et al. Stromal fibroblasts present in breast carcinomas promote tumor growth and angiogenesis through adrenomedullin secretion. Oncotarget. 2017;8:15744\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/oncotarget.14999.","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.14999"},{"key":"9596_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1159\/000362276","volume":"51","author":"PC Stapor","year":"2014","unstructured":"Stapor PC, Sweat RS, Dashti DC, Betancourt AM, Murfee WL. Pericyte dynamics during angiogenesis: new insights from new identities. J Vasc Res. 2014;51:163\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000362276.","journal-title":"J Vasc Res"},{"key":"9596_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2008.07241.x","volume":"142","author":"S Bae","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bae S, Park CW, Son HK, Ju HK, Paik D, Jeon C-J, et al. Fibroblast activation protein alpha identifies mesenchymal stromal cells from human bone marrow. Br J Haematol. 2008;142:827\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2008.07241.x.","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"9596_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2016.4645","volume":"12","author":"J Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang J, Sun D, Fu Q, Cao Q, Zhang H, Zhang K. Bone mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into myofibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment. Oncol Lett. 2016;12:644\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/ol.2016.4645.","journal-title":"Oncol Lett"},{"key":"9596_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1455484","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2024.1455484","volume":"14","author":"K Del Toro","year":"2024","unstructured":"Del Toro K, Licon-Munoz Y, Crabtree W, Oper T, Robbins C, Hines WC. Breast pericytes: a newly identified driver of tumor cell proliferation. Front Oncol. 2024;14:1455484. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fonc.2024.1455484.","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"9596_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers8020019","volume":"8","author":"RJ Buchsbaum","year":"2016","unstructured":"Buchsbaum RJ, Oh SY. Breast Cancer-Associated fibroblasts: where we are and where we need to go. Cancers (Basel). 2016;8:1\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers8020019.","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"9596_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-018-1536-1","volume":"16","author":"TE Ichim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ichim TE, O\u2019Heeron P, Kesari S. Fibroblasts as a practical alternative to mesenchymal stem cells. J Transl Med. 2018;16:212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12967-018-1536-1.","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"9596_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29581","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-80682-x","volume":"14","author":"T McErlain","year":"2024","unstructured":"McErlain T, McCulla EC, Glass MJ, Ziemer LE, Branco CM, Murgai M. Pericytes require physiological oxygen tension to maintain phenotypic fidelity. Sci Rep. 2024;14:29581. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-80682-x.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"9596_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10040886","volume":"10","author":"I Nikolits","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nikolits I, Nebel S, Egger D, Kre\u00df S, Kasper C. Towards physiologic culture approaches to improve standard cultivation of mesenchymal stem cells. Cells. 2021;10:886. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells10040886.","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"9596_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2012.03.008","volume":"84","author":"U Tigges","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tigges U, Welser-Alves JV, Boroujerdi A, Milner R. A novel and simple method for culturing pericytes from mouse brain. Microvasc Res. 2012;84:74\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mvr.2012.03.008.","journal-title":"Microvasc Res"},{"key":"9596_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2012-0097OC","author":"M Wygrecka","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wygrecka M, Zakrzewicz D, Taborski B, Didiasova M, Kwapiszewska G, Preissner KT, et al. TGF-\u03b21 induces tissue factor expression in human lung fibroblasts in a PI3K\/JNK\/Akt-dependent and AP-1-dependent manner. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2012. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1165\/rcmb.2012-0097OC.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"9596_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.3.999","volume":"90","author":"D Lazard","year":"1993","unstructured":"Lazard D, Sastre X, Frid MG, Glukhova MA, Thiery JP, Koteliansky VE. Expression of smooth muscle-specific proteins in Myoepithelium and stromal myofibroblasts of normal and malignant human breast tissue. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993;90:999\u20131003. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.90.3.999.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"9596_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-49285-9","volume":"9","author":"NM Landry","year":"2019","unstructured":"Landry NM, Rattan SG, Dixon IMC. An improved method of maintaining primary murine cardiac fibroblasts in Two-Dimensional cell culture. Sci Rep. 2019;9:1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-019-49285-9.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"9596_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2013-0490","volume":"92","author":"PE Shamhart","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shamhart PE, Luther DJ, Adapala RK, Bryant JE, Petersen KA, Meszaros JG, et al. Hyperglycemia enhances function and differentiation of adult rat cardiac fibroblasts. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2014;92:598\u2013604. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/cjpp-2013-0490.","journal-title":"Can J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"9596_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2014.81","volume":"28","author":"P Lochhead","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lochhead P, Chan AT, Nishihara R, Fuchs CS, Beck AH, Giovannucci E, et al. Etiologic field effect: reappraisal of the field effect concept in cancer predisposition and progression. Mod Pathol. 2015;28:14\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/modpathol.2014.81.","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"9596_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc.2017.102","volume":"18","author":"K Curtius","year":"2018","unstructured":"Curtius K, Wright NA, Graham TA. An evolutionary perspective on field cancerization. Nat Rev Cancer. 2018;18:19\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrc.2017.102.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"9596_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-01027-z","volume":"8","author":"D Aran","year":"2017","unstructured":"Aran D, Camarda R, Odegaard J, Paik H, Oskotsky B, Krings G, et al. Comprehensive analysis of normal adjacent to tumor transcriptomes. Nat Commun. 2017;8:1077. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-017-01027-z.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"9596_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2017.11.002","volume":"10","author":"S Chatterjee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chatterjee S, Basak P, Buchel E, Safneck J, Murphy LC, Mowat M, et al. Breast cancers activate stromal Fibroblast-Induced suppression of progenitors in adjacent normal tissue. Stem Cell Rep. 2018;10:196\u2013211. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.stemcr.2017.11.002.","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep"},{"key":"9596_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2017.05.004","volume":"36","author":"A Teplyakov","year":"2017","unstructured":"Teplyakov A, Obmolova G, Malia TJ, Wu B, Zhao Y, Taudte S, et al. Crystal structure of tissue factor in complex with antibody 10H10 reveals the signaling epitope. Cell Signal. 2017;36:139\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cellsig.2017.05.004.","journal-title":"Cell Signal"},{"key":"9596_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-07-101048","author":"HH Versteeg","year":"2008","unstructured":"Versteeg HH, Schaffner F, Kerver M, Petersen HH, Ahamed J, Felding-Habermann B, et al. Inhibition of tissue factor signaling suppresses tumor growth. Blood. 2008. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2007-07-101048.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"9596_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-10-3417","author":"GM Hjortoe","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hjortoe GM, Petersen LC, Albrektsen T, Sorensen BB, Norby PL, Manda SK, et al. Tissue factor-factor VIIa-specific up-regulation of IL-8 expression in MDA-MB-231 cells is mediated by PAR-2 and results in increased cell migration. Blood. 2004. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2003-10-3417.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"9596_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-1735","volume":"66","author":"DR Morris","year":"2006","unstructured":"Morris DR, Ding Y, Ricks TK, Gullapalli A, Wolfe BL, Trejo JA. Protease-activated receptor-2 is essential for factor VIIa and Xa-induced signaling, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2006;66:307\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-1735.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"9596_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1093\/jb\/mvx048","volume":"162","author":"S Tanimura","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tanimura S, Takeda K. ERK signalling as a regulator of cell motility. J Biochem. 2017;162:145\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jb\/mvx048.","journal-title":"J Biochem"},{"key":"9596_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2004.00545.x","volume":"2","author":"X Jiang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jiang X, Bailly MA, Panetti TS, Cappello M, Konigsberg WH, Bromberg ME. Formation of tissue factor-factor VIIa-factor Xa complex promotes cellular signaling and migration of human breast cancer cells. J Thromb Haemost. 2004;2:93\u2013101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2004.00545.x.","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"9596_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1038\/s41417-021-00387-5","volume":"29","author":"N Puthdee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Puthdee N, Sriswasdi S, Pisitkun T, Ratanasirintrawoot S, Israsena N, Tangkijvanich P. The LIN28B\/TGF-\u03b2\/TGFBI feedback loop promotes cell migration and tumour initiation potential in cholangiocarcinoma. Cancer Gene Ther. 2022;29:445\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41417-021-00387-5.","journal-title":"Cancer Gene Ther"},{"key":"9596_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2009.5","volume":"19","author":"J Xu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Xu J, Lamouille S, Derynck R. TGF-\u0392-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Cell Res. 2009;19:156\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/cr.2009.5.","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"key":"9596_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1734","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/dji399","volume":"97","author":"H Azuma","year":"2005","unstructured":"Azuma H, Ehata S, Miyazaki H, Watabe T, Maruyama O, Imamura T, et al. Effect of Smad7 expression on metastasis of mouse mammary carcinoma JygMC(A) cells. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2005;97:1734\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jnci\/dji399.","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"9596_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2013.768","author":"Y Yu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yu Y, Xiao CH, Tan LD, Wang QS, Li XQ, Feng YM. Cancer-associated fibroblasts induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition of breast cancer cells through paracrine TGF-\u03b2 signalling. Br J Cancer. 2014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/bjc.2013.768.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"9596_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2017.6263","volume":"14","author":"H Xi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Xi H, Shuai QG, Shao LL. Involvement of the TGF\u03b21\/Smad2\/MMP3 signaling pathway in SB431542-induced Inhibition of cell invasion in multiple myeloma RPMI 8226 cells. Oncol Lett. 2017;14:541\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/ol.2017.6263.","journal-title":"Oncol Lett"},{"key":"9596_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.737.3.6","volume":"3","author":"MD Hjelmeland","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hjelmeland MD, Hjelmeland AB, Sathornsumetee S, Reese ED, Herbstreith MH, Laping NJ, et al. SB-431542, a small molecule transforming growth factor-\u03b2-receptor antagonist, inhibits human glioma cell line proliferation and motility. Mol Cancer Ther. 2004;3:737\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1535-7163.737.3.6.","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther"},{"key":"9596_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-017-3190-z","volume":"17","author":"J-A de la Mare","year":"2017","unstructured":"de la Mare J-A, Jurgens T, Edkins AL. Extracellular Hsp90 and TGF\u03b2 regulate adhesion, migration and anchorage independent growth in a paired colon cancer cell line model. BMC Cancer. 2017;17:202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12885-017-3190-z.","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"9596_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/s40364-023-00504-6","volume":"11","author":"SE Ahmadi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ahmadi SE, Shabannezhad A, Kahrizi A, Akbar A, Safdari SM, Hoseinnezhad T, et al. Tissue factor (coagulation factor III): a potential double-edge molecule to be targeted and re-targeted toward cancer. Biomark Res. 2023;11:60. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40364-023-00504-6.","journal-title":"Biomark Res"},{"key":"9596_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(21)00056-5","volume":"22","author":"RL Coleman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Coleman RL, Lorusso D, Gennigens C, Gonz\u00e1lez-Mart\u00edn A, Randall L, Cibula D, et al. Efficacy and safety of tisotumab Vedotin in previously treated recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer (innovaTV 204\/GOG-3023\/ENGOT-cx6): a multicentre, open-label, single-arm, phase 2 study. Lancet Oncol. 2021;22:609\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1470-2045(21)00056-5.","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"9596_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59086","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.19175","volume":"8","author":"X Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang X, Li Q, Zhao H, Ma L, Meng T, Qian J, et al. Pathological expression of tissue factor confers promising antitumor response to a novel therapeutic antibody SC1 in triple negative breast cancer and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget. 2017;8:59086\u2013102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/oncotarget.19175.","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"9596_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5669","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-07-6364","volume":"68","author":"J Prescott","year":"2008","unstructured":"Prescott J, Thiemann P, Loury D. PCI-27483, a small molecule inhibitor of factor VIIa, inhibits growth of BxPC3 pancreatic adenocarcinoma xenograft tumors. Cancer Res. 2008;68:5669\u20135669.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"9596_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1758855","volume":"07","author":"K Hiramoto","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hiramoto K, Akita N, Nishioka J, Suzuki K. Edoxaban, a factor Xa-Specific direct oral Anticoagulant, significantly suppresses tumor growth in colorectal cancer Colon26-Inoculated BALB\/c mice. TH Open. 2023;07:e1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0042-1758855.","journal-title":"TH Open"},{"key":"9596_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-020-04675-7","volume":"21","author":"J Castle","year":"2020","unstructured":"Castle J, Blower E, Bundred NJ, Harvey JR, Thachil J, Marshall A, et al. Rivaroxaban compared to no treatment in ER-negative stage I-III early breast cancer patients (the TIP Trial): study protocol for a phase II preoperative window-of-opportunity study design randomised controlled trial. Trials. 2020;21:749. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13063-020-04675-7.","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"9596_CR71","unstructured":"Created in BioRender, Ogunlayi H. (2025) n.d. https:\/\/biorender.com\/i3md663."}],"container-title":["Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10911-026-09596-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10911-026-09596-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10911-026-09596-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T17:43:20Z","timestamp":1781631800000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10911-026-09596-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["9596"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10911-026-09596-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1083-3021","1573-7039"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1083-3021","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7039","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Samples were collected by the Manchester Cancer Research Centre Biobank Research Tissue Bank under Research Ethics Committee (REC) reference 18\/NW\/0092. All patients provided written informed consent.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}},{"value":"Robert B. Clarke is a member of the editorial board of the Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}],"article-number":"8"}}