{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T07:03:50Z","timestamp":1789628630214,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Syst"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-026-02462-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T06:21:18Z","timestamp":1789626078000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploratory Implementation and Feasibility Report of CLASS (Clinical LLM Abstraction &amp; Structuring System), A Large Language Model Pipeline for Extracting Unstructured Data From Clinical Notes"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5983-1370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frederick H.","family":"Kuo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamie L.","family":"Fierstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiorella","family":"Gonzales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brant","family":"Tudor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellis","family":"Crabtree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed A.","family":"Rehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Russell","family":"Jennings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Ahumada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2462_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2017.11.011","volume":"77","author":"Y Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang Y, Wang L, Rastegar-Mojarad M, et al. Clinical information extraction applications: A literature review. J Biomed Inform. 2018;77:34\u201349. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbi.2017.11.011","journal-title":"J Biomed Inform"},{"issue":"1","key":"2462_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1136\/amiajnl-2011-000681","volume":"20","author":"NG Weiskopf","year":"2013","unstructured":"Weiskopf NG, Weng C. Methods and dimensions of electronic health record data quality assessment: enabling reuse for clinical research. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2013;20(1):144\u2013151. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/amiajnl-2011-000681","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"key":"2462_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e79202","DOI":"10.2196\/79202","volume":"5","author":"H Sakai","year":"2026","unstructured":"Sakai H, Lam SS. Large language models for health care text classification: systematic review. JMIR AI. 2026;5:e79202. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/79202","journal-title":"JMIR AI"},{"key":"2462_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2017.07.012","volume":"73","author":"K Kreimeyer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kreimeyer K, Foster M, Pandey A, et al. Natural language processing systems for capturing and standardizing unstructured clinical information: A systematic review. J Biomed Inform. 2017;73:14\u201329. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbi.2017.07.012","journal-title":"J Biomed Inform"},{"issue":"7972","key":"2462_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06291-2","volume":"620","author":"K Singhal","year":"2023","unstructured":"Singhal K, Azizi S, Tu T, et al. Large language models encode clinical knowledge. Nature. 2023;620(7972):172\u2013180. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-023-06291-2","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2462_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70708","DOI":"10.2196\/70708","volume":"7","author":"MN Carlisle","year":"2026","unstructured":"Carlisle MN, Pace WA, Liu AW, et al. Development and Validation of a Generative Artificial Intelligence-Based Pipeline for Automated Clinical Data Extraction From Electronic Health Records: Technical Implementation Study. JMIR Bioinform Biotechnol. 2026;7:e70708. Published 2026 Jan 6. doi: 10.2196\/70708","journal-title":"JMIR Bioinform Biotechnol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10916-026-02462-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10916-026-02462-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10916-026-02462-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T06:21:19Z","timestamp":1789626079000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10916-026-02462-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2462"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10916-026-02462-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1573-689X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1573-689X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 September 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 September 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare they have no financial interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Financial disclosures","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Johns Hopkins Medicine institutional review board (IRB00386640).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"A waiver of consent was obtained from the Johns Hopkins Medicine institutional review board for this retrospective analysis.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Dr. Luis Ahumada is an associate editor for the Journal of Medical Systems.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","label":"Clinical trial number","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"133"}}