{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:18:02Z","timestamp":1792783082578,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development","award":["505312598027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["505312598027"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01yaj9a77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Occup Rehabil"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An indicated prevention strategy (IPS) targeting long-term sickness absence risk showed its effectiveness in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). To compare its costs and benefits with other preventive strategies within occupational health, an economic evaluation is essential.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      An economic evaluation was conducted from the employer, healthcare, and societal perspectives. RCT data was used regarding the IPS efficacy, with additional collected data, covering 12\u00a0months of follow-up. The intervention group received an early intervention (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      =132), and the care-as-usual group received care upon request (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      =131). Self-perceived health was used as effect measure; costs encompassed: intervention, healthcare, patient and family, and productivity costs (absenteeism). The cost price year for the study was 2020. Different types of sensitivity analysis were conducted.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At 12\u00a0months of follow-up, the intervention group showed greater effects and higher costs, indicating positive incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) of \u20ac39.19 and \u20ac39.77 per point improvement of self-perceived health, seen from the societal and healthcare perspective. Using the employer perspective, the ICER for the IPS was dominant (preferred) to the control, with (\u20ac-3.92) per point improvement of self-perceived health, indicating greater effects and lower costs, related to the net savings for the employer due to reduced sickness absence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The economic evaluation showed that the IPS had an economic benefit over the care as usual, as seen from the employer\u2019s perspective. In addition, this approach indicates a way towards a balanced comparison of preventive interventions, which is to prioritize the most relevant preventive actions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10926-026-10444-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T17:21:31Z","timestamp":1790184091000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Economic Evaluation of an Indicated Prevention Strategy Focused on Future Long-Term Sickness Absence"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7806-1004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophie","family":"Klasen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0120-1552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ludovic G. P. M.","family":"van Amelsvoort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6985-5264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"IJmert","family":"Kant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6463-5230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole W. H.","family":"Jansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1026-570X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia M. A. A.","family":"Evers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10444_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.3605","volume":"43","author":"LG van Amelsvoort","year":"2017","unstructured":"van Amelsvoort LG, Jansen NW, Kant I. Addressing long-term sickness absence: moving beyond disease, illness and work-related factors for effective prevention. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2017;43(1):1\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5271\/sjweh.3605.","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10444_CR2","first-page":"377","volume":"30","author":"M Labriola","year":"2008","unstructured":"Labriola M. Conceptual framework of sickness absence and return to work, focusing on both the individual and the contextual level. Work. 2008;30(4):377\u201387.","journal-title":"Work"},{"issue":"7495","key":"10444_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.330.7495.802","volume":"330","author":"M Henderson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Henderson M, Glozier N, Holland Elliott K. Long term sickness absence. BMJ. 2005;330(7495):802\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.330.7495.802.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"4","key":"10444_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.1225","volume":"34","author":"P Virtanen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Virtanen P, Siukola A, Luukkaala T, Savinainen M, Arola H, Nygard CH, et al. Sick leaves in four factories\u2013do characteristics of employees and work conditions explain differences in sickness absence between workplaces? Scand J Work Environ Health. 2008;34(4):260\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5271\/sjweh.1225.","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10444_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/s0277-9536(99)00452-9","volume":"51","author":"JL Severens","year":"2000","unstructured":"Severens JL, Mulder J, Laheij RJ, Verbeek AL. Precision and accuracy in measuring absence from work as a basis for calculating productivity costs in The Netherlands. Soc Sci Med. 2000;51(2):243\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0277-9536(99)00452-9.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"10444_CR6","unstructured":"Eurostat: total absences from work by sex and age group \u2013quaterly data. 2025 https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/urostat\/databrowser\/view\/LFSI_ABT_Q__custom_18927022\/default\/table. Accessed 17\u201311\u20132025 2025."},{"issue":"5","key":"10444_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1258\/jrsm.2011.100231","volume":"104","author":"M Henderson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Henderson M, Harvey SB, Overland S, Mykletun A, Hotopf M. Work and common psychiatric disorders. J R Soc Med. 2011;104(5):198\u2013207. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1258\/jrsm.2011.100231.","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10444_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/cku250","volume":"25","author":"M Helgesson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Helgesson M, Johansson B, Nordqvist T, Lundberg I, Vingard E. Sickness absence at a young age and later sickness absence, disability pension, death, unemployment and income in native Swedes and immigrants. Eur J Public Health. 2015;25(4):688\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurpub\/cku250.","journal-title":"Eur J Public Health"},{"key":"10444_CR9","unstructured":"Waddell G,\nBurton AK. Is work good for your health and well-being? London: TSO;\n2006."},{"issue":"2","key":"10444_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.3321","volume":"39","author":"M Schuring","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schuring M, Robroek SJ, Otten FW, Arts CH, Burdorf A. The effect of ill health and socioeconomic status on labor force exit and re-employment: a prospective study with ten years follow-up in the Netherlands. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2013;39(2):134\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5271\/sjweh.3321.","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10444_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-025-21911-4","volume":"25","author":"E Bosma","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bosma E, Grigore D, Abma FI, Proper KI, Loef B. Evidence-based interventions to prevent sick leave: a scoping review of reviews. BMC Public Health. 2025;25(1):751. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-025-21911-4.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10444_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.1340","volume":"35","author":"SM Alavinia","year":"2009","unstructured":"Alavinia SM, van den Berg TI, van Duivenbooden C, Elders LA, Burdorf A. Impact of work-related factors, lifestyle, and work ability on sickness absence among Dutch construction workers. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2009;35(5):325\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5271\/sjweh.1340.","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10444_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011618.pub2","volume":"3","author":"N Vogel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vogel N, Schandelmaier S, Zumbrunn T, Ebrahim S, de Boer WE, Busse JW, et al. Return-to-work coordination programmes for improving return to work in workers on sick leave. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;3(3):CD011618. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD011618.pub2.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"10444_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD007569.pub4","volume":"3","author":"AG de Boer","year":"2024","unstructured":"de Boer AG, Tamminga SJ, Boschman JS, Hoving JL. Non-medical interventions to enhance return to work for people with cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2024;3(3):CD007569. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD007569.pub4.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"10","key":"10444_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-0270","volume":"40","author":"J Kuoppala","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kuoppala J, Lamminpaa A. Rehabilitation and work ability: a systematic literature review. J Rehabil Med. 2008;40(10):796\u2013804. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2340\/16501977-0270.","journal-title":"J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"10444_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2007.032706","volume":"65","author":"S Taimela","year":"2007","unstructured":"Taimela S, Malmivaara A, Just\u00e9n S, L\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 E, Sintonen H, Tiekso J, et al. The effectiveness of two occupational health intervention programmes in reducing sickness absence among employees at risk. Two randomised controlled trials. Occup Environ Med. 2007;65:236\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/oem.2007.032706","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10444_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2008.07.003","volume":"62","author":"IJ Kant","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kant IJ, Jansen NW, van Amelsvoort LG, Swaen GM, van Leusden R, Berkouwer A. Screening questionnaire Balansmeter proved successful in predicting future long-term sickness absence in office workers. J Clin Epidemiol. 2009;62(4):408\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2008.07.003.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10444_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1080\/09638280400018601","volume":"27","author":"M Post","year":"2005","unstructured":"Post M, Krol B, Groothoff JW. Work-related determinants of return to work of employees on long-term sickness absence. Disabil Rehabil. 2005;27(9):481\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09638280400018601.","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"issue":"3","key":"10444_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2006.02.005","volume":"28","author":"EP Brouwers","year":"2006","unstructured":"Brouwers EP, Tiemens BG, Terluin B, Verhaak PF. Effectiveness of an intervention to reduce sickness absence in patients with emotional distress or minor mental disorders: a randomized controlled effectiveness trial. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2006;28(3):223\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2006.02.005.","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"key":"10444_CR20","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on\nPrevention of Mental Disorders, Mrazek PJ, Haggerty RJ, (eds.). Reducing\nRisks for\nMental Disorders: Frontiers for Preventive Intervention Research. Washington\n(DC): National Academies\nPress (US); 1994."},{"key":"10444_CR21","unstructured":"Brouwer CPM, van Amelsvoort L, Heerkens YF, Widdershoven GAM, Kant I. Effecten van ICF training op kennis, vaardigheden en attitude van master studenten en professionals op het gebied van arbeid en gezondheid [Effects of ICF training on knowledge, skills, and attitudes of master's students and professionals in the field of work and health]. Presented at: NVMO Congress; 2017. Dutch."},{"issue":"1","key":"10444_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1007\/s10926-007-9114-z","volume":"18","author":"I Kant","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kant I, Jansen NW, van Amelsvoort LG, van Leusden R, Berkouwer A. Structured early consultation with the occupational physician reduces sickness absence among office workers at high risk for long-term sickness absence: a randomized controlled trial. J Occup Rehabil. 2008;18(1):79\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10926-007-9114-z.","journal-title":"J Occup Rehabil"},{"issue":"6","key":"10444_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2010.057877","volume":"68","author":"MAS Lexis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lexis MAS, Jansen NWH, Huibers MJH, van Amelsvoort LGPM, Berkouwer A, Tjin A Ton G, et al. Prevention of long-term sickness absence and major depression in high-risk employees: a randomised controlled trial. Occup Environ Med. 2011;68(6):400\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/oem.2010.057877.","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10444_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.3945","volume":"47","author":"SH Klasen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Klasen SH, van Amelsvoort LG, Jansen NW, Slangen JJ, Tjin ATG, Kant I. Efficacy of an indicated prevention strategy on sickness absence and termination of the employment contract: a 5-year follow-up study. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2021;47(4):258-67. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5271\/sjweh.3945","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10444_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1007\/s10926-006-9053-0","volume":"16","author":"IA Steenstra","year":"2006","unstructured":"Steenstra IA, Anema JR, van Tulder MW, Bongers PM, de Vet HC, van Mechelen W. Economic evaluation of a multi-stage return to work program for workers on sick-leave due to low back pain. J Occup Rehabil. 2006;16(4):557\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10926-006-9053-0.","journal-title":"J Occup Rehabil"},{"issue":"3","key":"10444_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/cky269","volume":"29","author":"N Lutz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lutz N, Taeymans J, Ballmer C, Verhaeghe N, Clarys P, Deliens T. Cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit of worksite health promotion programs in Europe: a systematic review. Eur J Public Health. 2019;29(3):540\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurpub\/cky269.","journal-title":"Eur J Public Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"10444_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.6152","volume":"39","author":"H Thiart","year":"2016","unstructured":"Thiart H, Ebert DD, Lehr D, Nobis S, Buntrock C, Berking M, et al. Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia: a health economic evaluation. Sleep. 2016;39(10):1769\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5665\/sleep.6152.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"2","key":"10444_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.3691","volume":"44","author":"DD Ebert","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ebert DD, Kahlke F, Buntrock C, Berking M, Smit F, Heber E, et al. A health economic outcome evaluation of an internet-based mobile-supported stress management intervention for employees. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2018;44(2):171\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5271\/sjweh.3691.","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10444_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2007.033167","volume":"65","author":"S Taimela","year":"2008","unstructured":"Taimela S, Justen S, Aronen P, Sintonen H, Laara E, Malmivaara A, et al. An occupational health intervention programme for workers at high risk for sickness absence. Cost effectiveness analysis based on a randomised controlled trial. Occup Environ Med. 2008;65(4):242\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/oem.2007.033167.","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10444_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.4143","volume":"50","author":"R Rugulies","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rugulies R, Burdorf A. What are the economic costs of a poor work environment? Scand J Work Environ Health. 2024;50(2):49\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5271\/sjweh.4143.","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10444_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2021.10.008","volume":"25","author":"D Husereau","year":"2022","unstructured":"Husereau D, Drummond M, Augustovski F, de Bekker-Grob E, Briggs AH, Carswell C, et al. Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards 2022 (CHEERS 2022) Explanation and Elaboration: a Report of the ISPOR CHEERS II Good Practices Task Force. Value Health. 2022;25(1):10\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jval.2021.10.008.","journal-title":"Value Health."},{"key":"10444_CR32","unstructured":"Hakkaart-van Roijen L, van der Linden N, Bouwmans C, Kanters T, Tan SS. Methodologie van kostenonderzoek en referentieprijzen voor economische evaluaties in de gezondheidszorg: geactualiseerde versie [Methodology of cost research and reference prices for economic evaluations in health care: updated version]. Diemen: Zorginstituut Nederland; 2015. Dutch."},{"issue":"11","key":"10444_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1016\/s0895-4356(98)00097-3","volume":"51","author":"NK Aaronson","year":"1998","unstructured":"Aaronson NK, Muller M, Cohen PD, Essink-Bot ML, Fekkes M, Sanderman R, et al. Translation, validation, and norming of the Dutch language version of the SF-36 health survey in community and chronic disease populations. J Clin Epidemiol. 1998;51(11):1055\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0895-4356(98)00097-3.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10444_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199206000-00002","volume":"30","author":"JE Ware Jr","year":"1992","unstructured":"Ware JE Jr, Sherbourne CD. The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36) I conceptual framework and item selection. Med Care. 1992;30(6):473\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00005650-199206000-00002","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"10444_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-6773.2005.00404.x","volume":"40","author":"KB DeSalvo","year":"2005","unstructured":"DeSalvo KB, Fan VS, McDonell MB, Fihn SD. Predicting mortality and healthcare utilization with a single question. Health Serv Res. 2005;40(4):1234\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1475-6773.2005.00404.x.","journal-title":"Health Serv Res"},{"key":"10444_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/s10880-015-9436-5","volume":"22","author":"C Macias","year":"2015","unstructured":"Macias C, Gold PB, Ongur D, Cohen BM, Panch T. Are single-item global ratings useful for assessing health status?. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2015;22:251\u2013264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10880-015-9436-5","journal-title":"J Clin Psychol Med Settings"},{"issue":"3","key":"10444_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/s40258-013-0022-4","volume":"11","author":"JC Thorn","year":"2013","unstructured":"Thorn JC, Coast J, Cohen D, Hollingworth W, Knapp M, Noble SM, et al. Resource-use measurement based on patient recall: issues and challenges for economic evaluation. Appl Health Econ Health Policy. 2013;11(3):155\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40258-013-0022-4.","journal-title":"Appl Health Econ Health Policy"},{"key":"10444_CR38","unstructured":"Statistics Netherlands (CBS). Jaarmutatie consumentenprijsindex vanaf 1963 [Annual change in the consumer price index since 1963]. Available from: https:\/\/opendata.cbs.nl\/#\/CBS\/nl\/dataset\/83131NED\/table. Accessed 18 Nov 2025. Dutch."},{"key":"10444_CR39","unstructured":"Loonkosten werkgever [Employer labor costs]. Available from: https:\/\/www.berekenhet.nl\/ondernemen\/loonkosten-werkgever.html. Accessed 18 Nov 2025. Dutch."},{"key":"10444_CR40","volume-title":"Economic evaluation in health care: merging theory with practice","author":"M Drummond","year":"2002","unstructured":"Drummond M, Drummond MF, McGuire A. Economic Evaluation in Health Care: Merging\nTheory with\nPractice: Oxford University Press; Oxford, UK, 2001."},{"issue":"1","key":"10444_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.22267","volume":"57","author":"KM Oude Hengel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Oude Hengel KM, Bosmans JE, Van Dongen JM, Bongers PM, Van der Beek AJ, Blatter BM. Prevention program at construction worksites aimed at improving health and work ability is cost-saving to the employer: results from an RCT. Am J Ind Med. 2014;57(1):56\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajim.22267.","journal-title":"Am J Ind Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10444_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2005.07.016","volume":"77","author":"R Tarricone","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tarricone R. Cost-of-illness analysis What room in health economics? Health Policy. 2006;77(1):51\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.healthpol.2005.07.016.","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"issue":"10","key":"10444_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-011-9903-x","volume":"20","author":"M Herdman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Herdman M, Gudex C, Lloyd A, Janssen M, Kind P, Parkin D, et al. Development and preliminary testing of the new five-level version of EQ-5D (EQ-5D-5L). Qual Life Res. 2011;20(10):1727\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11136-011-9903-x.","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10444_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2021020208","volume":"32","author":"M Canney","year":"2021","unstructured":"Canney M, Levin A. QALYs, DALYs and now PALYs: strengthening the argument for prevention of CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2021;32(4):771\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1681\/ASN.2021020208.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"20","key":"10444_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.281053","volume":"310","author":"World Medical A","year":"2013","unstructured":"World Medical A. World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. JAMA. 2013;310(20):2191\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2013.281053.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10444_CR46","unstructured":"Netherlands Health Institute: pharmacotherapeutic compass [In Dutch:farmacotherapeutisch Kompas]. (2025). https:\/\/www.farmacotherapeutischkompas.nl\/ Accessed 18\u201311\u20132025 2025."},{"issue":"5","key":"10444_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3999(94)90099-x","volume":"38","author":"JH Vercoulen","year":"1994","unstructured":"Vercoulen JH, Swanink CM, Fennis JF, Galama JM, van der Meer JW, Bleijenberg G. Dimensional assessment of chronic fatigue syndrome. J Psychosom Res. 1994;38(5):383\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0022-3999(94)90099-x.","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10444_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.60.5.489","volume":"60","author":"JH Vercoulen","year":"1996","unstructured":"Vercoulen JH, Swanink CM, Fennis JF, Galama JM, van der Meer JW, Bleijenberg G. Prognosis in chronic fatigue syndrome: a prospective study on the natural course. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1996;60(5):489\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.60.5.489.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10444_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291700021644","volume":"9","author":"DP Goldberg","year":"1979","unstructured":"Goldberg DP, Hillier VF. A scaled version of the General Health Questionnaire. Psychol Med. 1979;9(1):139\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0033291700021644.","journal-title":"Psychol Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10926-026-10444-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10926-026-10444-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10926-026-10444-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T17:21:35Z","timestamp":1790184095000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10926-026-10444-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["10444"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10926-026-10444-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-0487","1573-3688"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-0487","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-3688","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 August 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 September 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing Interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The original RCT of which this trial is an extended follow up, is registered under NTR214. The RCT complied with the Declaration of Helsinki [\n                      \n                      ].","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics Approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}