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Under zero tolerance policies, school suspension is more common in the United States relative to Australia. Multilevel modeling of cross-national longitudinal data from the International Youth Development Study tested prospective associations between adolescent problem behaviors, student-perceived likelihood of suspension\/expulsion, school-level behavior management policy, and young adult homelessness. Population-based samples of participants from Washington State (United States) and Victoria (Australia) were surveyed at ages 13, 14, 15 (2002\u20132004), and 25 years (2014\u201315; n\u2009=\u20091945; 51% female). Over half of the young adults who reported homelessness within the previous year at age 25 had experienced school suspension. Individual-level school suspension in middle school predicted young adult homelessness. Higher levels of adolescent rebelliousness, non-violent and violent antisocial behavior, and substance use predicted a higher likelihood of school suspension at the person-level and were indirectly related to increased risk for homelessness at age 25. School behavior management policy was not related to a history of school suspension at either the person- or school-level once individual factors were controlled. Findings demonstrate the importance of school suspension as a risk factor for future homelessness and suggest that prevention programming that aims to mitigate substance use, antisocial behaviors, and school suspension may help to reduce young adult homelessness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10935-025-00829-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,16]],"date-time":"2025-02-16T15:22:43Z","timestamp":1739719363000},"page":"467-485","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["School Suspension as a Predictor of Young Adult Homelessness: The International Youth Development Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5597-019X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica A.","family":"Heerde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Bailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel J.","family":"Merrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Raniti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George C.","family":"Patton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John W.","family":"Toumbourou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan M.","family":"Sawyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"829_CR1","unstructured":"American School Health Association. 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