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These crises have heightened the need for effective preventive strategies addressing mental health across different life stages and populations. To structure and classify such strategies, Caplan\u2019s and Gordon\u2019s frameworks have been widely used, with one focusing on disease progression and the other on population risk. Although both frameworks are frequently used in mental health prevention, their application in clinical trials remains unexplored. This review addresses this gap by examining how Caplan\u2019s and Gordon\u2019s frameworks have been applied in mental health prevention, identifying research gaps, and exploring their potential for their combined application to enhance prevention strategies. A scoping review was conducted following PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Studies were selected based on predefined criteria and the data were synthesized. The search spanned PubMed, Scopus, APA PsycArticles, and PubPsych, covering peer-reviewed clinical trials, including randomized controlled trials, published between 2018 and 2024 in English or German. Eligible studies classified interventions based on Caplan\u2019s framework, which focuses on disease stage (primary, secondary, tertiary), or Gordon\u2019s framework, which categorizes prevention by population risk (universal, selective, indicated). Studies had to focus on mental health prevention, include populations relevant to mental health and well-being, and report mental health or well-being outcomes. Of the 40 included studies, six applied Caplan\u2019s framework, 30 applied Gordon\u2019s framework and three used a modified classification based on Gordon\u2019s approach. One study applied both frameworks, highlighting that their complementary use is rare. Studies were conducted in 19 countries, with the highest number from Germany (n\u2009=\u20098), the USA (n\u2009=\u20098), and the Netherlands (n\u2009=\u20096), across four continents (Asia, n\u2009=\u20095; Australia, n\u2009=\u20095; Europe, n\u2009=\u200922; North America, n\u2009=\u20098). Gordon\u2019s framework was applied more frequently, particularly in universal (n\u2009=\u200915) and indicated prevention (n\u2009=\u200912), while Caplan\u2019s framework was used mainly in primary prevention (n\u2009=\u20094). Depression (n\u2009=\u200925), anxiety (n\u2009=\u200921), stress (n\u2009=\u20098), and general mental health (n\u2009=\u20098) were the most frequently assessed outcomes. The studies targeted diverse populations, including children (n\u2009=\u20097), adolescents (n\u2009=\u20098), children and adolescents (n\u2009=\u20091) parents and their children or adolescents (n\u2009=\u20092), university students (n\u2009=\u20096), working adults (n\u2009=\u20097), older adults (n\u2009=\u20091), and adults without specifying (n\u2009=\u20098). This review highlights the underutilized potential of integrating Caplan\u2019s and Gordon\u2019s frameworks in mental health interventions. Two application examples illustrate how these frameworks can be combined to structure prevention strategies more effectively. Future research should explore combining these frameworks to enhance prevention strategies and address the emerging global health challenges.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10935-025-00834-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T16:19:55Z","timestamp":1742573995000},"page":"427-454","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["A Scoping Review of Prevention Classification in Mental Health: Examining the Application of Caplan\u2019s and Gordon\u2019s Prevention Frameworks (2018\u20132024)"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6386-1454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johannes","family":"Stephan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5203-016X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Gehrmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2624-8517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ananda","family":"Stullich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Gabel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3898-3332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias","family":"Richter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"834_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-017-0821-1","volume":"19","author":"J Ahlen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ahlen, J., Hursti, T., Tanner, L., Tokay, Z., & Ghaderi, A. 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