{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T04:57:27Z","timestamp":1782449847750,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745452800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745452800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Sakarya University of Applied Sciences"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Relig Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>This study was to examine the factors associated with medication adherence in individuals with chronic diseases within the concept of the biopsychosocial-spiritual model. A cross-sectional study design was used. A total of 837 patients diagnosed with chronic diseases were included in this study between November 2022 and December 2023. Data were collected based on the biopsychosocial-spiritual model. Medication adherence level was evaluated with the \u201cMedication Adherence Report Scale.\u201d \u201cHospital Anxiety Depression Scale,\u201d \u201cMultidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale,\u201d and \u201cSpiritual Well-Being Scale\u201d were used to evaluate the psychological, social, and spiritual dimensions. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a multiple linear regression model. Anxiety, social support status, and spiritual status were important correlates of medication adherence levels in individuals with chronic diseases. It was determined that variables such as age, gender, and number of chronic diseases did not affect medication adherence. Medication adherence in individuals with chronic diseases is significantly associated with psychological, social, and spiritual factors. Therefore, when evaluating medication adherence, it should not be forgotten that it is a multifaceted concept and individuals should also be evaluated from psychological, social, and spiritual perspectives.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10943-025-02317-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T15:11:49Z","timestamp":1745507509000},"page":"3853-3873","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The Effect of Biopsychosocial-Spiritual Factors on Medication Adherence in Chronic Diseases in T\u00fcrkiye"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1910-2985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aylin","family":"Bilgin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3450-7219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayser","family":"Doner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2322-0511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gulyeter","family":"Erdogan Yuce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1452-9250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gamze","family":"Muz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2317_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.2147\/PPA.S319469","volume":"15","author":"NA Abdul Wahab","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abdul Wahab, N. A., Makmor Bakry, M., Ahmad, M., Mohamad Noor, Z., & Mhd Ali, A. (2021). Exploring culture, religiosity, and spirituality influence on antihypertensive medication adherence among specialized population: A qualitative ethnographic approach. Patient Preference and Adherence, 15, 2249\u20132265. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/PPA.S319469","journal-title":"Patient Preference and Adherence"},{"issue":"6","key":"2317_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1017\/S1478951517000013","volume":"15","author":"\u00dc Akt\u00fcrk","year":"2017","unstructured":"Akt\u00fcrk, \u00dc., Erci, B., & Araz, M. (2017). Functional evaluation of treatment of chronic disease: Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the spiritual well-being scale. Palliative and Supportive Care, 15(6), 684\u2013692. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S1478951517000013","journal-title":"Palliative and Supportive Care"},{"issue":"9\u201310","key":"2317_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.15976","volume":"31","author":"G Aldan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Aldan, G., Helvaci, A., Ozdemir, L., Satar, S., & Ergun, P. (2022). Multidimensional factors affecting medication adherence among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 31(9\u201310), 1202\u20131215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocn.15976","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Nursing"},{"key":"2317_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/PPA.S401666","author":"H Al-Noumani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Al-Noumani, H., Al Omari, O., & Al-Naamani, Z. (2023b). Role of health literacy, social support, patient-physician relationship, and health-related quality of life in predicting medication adherence in cardiovascular diseases in Oman. Patient Preference and Adherence. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/PPA.S401666","journal-title":"Patient Preference and Adherence"},{"issue":"1","key":"2317_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7067","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-34393-4","volume":"13","author":"H Al-Noumani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Al-Noumani, H., Alharrasi, M., Lazarus, E. R., & Panchatcharam, S. M. (2023a). Factors predicting medication adherence among omani patients with chronic diseases through a multicenter cross-sectional study. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 7067. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-023-34393-4","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"23","key":"2317_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.5543\/khd.2019.66376","volume":"10","author":"GD A\u015firet","year":"2019","unstructured":"A\u015firet, G. D., & Okatan, C. (2019). Determination of the relationship between drug compliance levels and spiritual well-being of hypertension patients. Turkish Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 10(23), 122\u2013128. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5543\/khd.2019.66376","journal-title":"Turkish Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing"},{"issue":"4","key":"2317_CR7","first-page":"280","volume":"8","author":"O Aydemir","year":"1997","unstructured":"Aydemir, O., G\u00fcvenir, T., K\u00fcey, L., & K\u00fclt\u00fcr, S. (1997). Validity and reliability study of the hospital anxiety and depression scale Turkish form. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 8(4), 280\u2013287.","journal-title":"Turkish Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"2317_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1905","DOI":"10.1007\/s10943-018-0606-2","volume":"57","author":"B Badanta-Romero","year":"2018","unstructured":"Badanta-Romero, B., de Diego-Cordero, R., & Rivilla-Garcia, E. (2018). Influence of religious and spiritual elements on adherence to pharmacological treatment. Journal of Religion and Health, 57(5), 1905\u20131917. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10943-018-0606-2","journal-title":"Journal of Religion and Health"},{"key":"2317_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E106","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd17.200130","volume":"17","author":"P Boersma","year":"2020","unstructured":"Boersma, P., Black, L. I., & Ward, B. W. (2020). peer reviewed: prevalence of multiple chronic conditions among US adults, 2018. Preventing Chronic Disease, 17, E106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5888\/pcd17.200130","journal-title":"Preventing Chronic Disease"},{"key":"2317_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2020.574111","volume":"8","author":"A Budreviciute","year":"2020","unstructured":"Budreviciute, A., Damiati, S., Sabir, D. K., Onder, K., Schuller-Goetzburg, P., Plakys, G., Katileviciute, A., Khoja, S., & Kodzius, R. (2020). Management and prevention strategies for non-communicable diseases (Ncds) and their risk factors. Frontiers in Public Health, 8, 574111. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2020.574111","journal-title":"Frontiers in Public Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"2317_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487317695628","volume":"24","author":"L Du","year":"2017","unstructured":"Du, L., Cheng, Z., Zhang, Y., Li, Y., & Mei, D. (2017). The impact of medication adherence on clinical outcomes of coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, 24(9), 962\u2013970. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2047487317695628","journal-title":"European Journal of Preventive Cardiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2317_CR12","first-page":"17","volume":"12","author":"D Eker","year":"2001","unstructured":"Eker, D., Arkar, H., & Yaldiz, H. (2001). Factor structure, validity, and reliability of the revised form of the multidimensional perceived social support scale. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 12(1), 17\u201325.","journal-title":"Turkish Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"2317_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10943-022-01525-5","author":"M Elhag","year":"2022","unstructured":"Elhag, M., Awaisu, A., Koenig, H. G., & Mohamed Ibrahim, M. I. (2022). The association between religiosity, spirituality, and medication adherence among patients with cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review of the literature. Journal of Religion and Health. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10943-022-01525-5","journal-title":"Journal of Religion and Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"2317_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1111\/bjhp.12496","volume":"26","author":"Y Fan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fan, Y., Shen, B. J., & Tay, H. Y. (2021). Depression, anxiety, perceived stress, and their changes predicted medical adherence over 9 months among patients with coronary heart disease. British Journal of Health Psychology, 26(3), 748\u2013766. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjhp.12496","journal-title":"British Journal of Health Psychology"},{"key":"2317_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.41.4.1149","volume":"41","author":"F Faul","year":"2009","unstructured":"Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A. G. (2009). Statistical power analyses using G*power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behavior Research Methods, 41, 1149\u20131160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/BRM.41.4.1149","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"2317_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-019-1014-8","volume":"8","author":"A Gast","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gast, A., & Mathes, T. (2019). medication adherence influencing factors\u2014An (updated) overview of systematic reviews. Systematic Reviews, 8(1), 1\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13643-019-1014-8","journal-title":"Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"3","key":"2317_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1080\/17441692.2020.1810735","volume":"16","author":"T Gonzalez Heredia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gonzalez Heredia, T., Gonz\u00e1lez-Ram\u00edrez, L. P., Hern\u00e1ndez-Corona, D. M., & Maciel-Hern\u00e1ndez, E. A. (2021). Anxious depression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and its relationship with medication adherence and glycemic control. Global Public Health, 16(3), 460\u2013468. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17441692.2020.1810735","journal-title":"Global Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"2317_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1080\/19349637.2013.776448","volume":"15","author":"AR Hatala","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hatala, A. R. (2013). Towards a biopsychosocial-spiritual approach in health psychology: Exploring theoretical orientations and future directions. Journal of Spirituality in Mental Health, 15(4), 256\u2013276. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/19349637.2013.776448","journal-title":"Journal of Spirituality in Mental Health"},{"issue":"13\u201314","key":"2317_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2388","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.15251","volume":"29","author":"A Helvaci","year":"2020","unstructured":"Helvaci, A., Izgu, N., & Ozdemir, L. (2020). Relationship between symptom burden, medication adherence and spiritual well-being in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 29(13\u201314), 2388\u20132396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocn.15251","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Nursing"},{"issue":"6","key":"2317_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(99)00057-4","volume":"47","author":"R Horne","year":"1999","unstructured":"Horne, R., & Weinman, J. (1999). Patients\u2019 beliefs about prescribed medicines and their role in adherence to treatment in chronic physical illness. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 47(6), 555\u2013567. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0022-3999(99)00057-4","journal-title":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research"},{"key":"2317_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.730845","volume":"9","author":"J Huang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Huang, J., Ding, S., Xiong, S., & Liu, Z. (2021). Medication adherence and associated factors in patients with type 2 diabetes: A structural equation model. Frontiers in Public Health, 9, 730845. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2021.730845","journal-title":"Frontiers in Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"2317_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1007\/s11096-022-01470-z","volume":"45","author":"S Hyvert","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hyvert, S., Yailian, A.-L., Haesebaert, J., Vignot, E., Chapurlat, R., Dussart, C., De Freminville, H., & Janoly-Dumenil, A. (2023). Association between health literacy and medication adherence in chronic diseases: A recent systematic review. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy, 45(1), 38\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11096-022-01470-z","journal-title":"International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy"},{"issue":"4","key":"2317_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2022.2056877","volume":"27","author":"P Iovino","year":"2023","unstructured":"Iovino, P., Nolan, A., De Maria, M., Ausili, D., Matarese, M., Vellone, E., & Riegel, B. (2023). The influence of social support on self-care is mediated by self-efficacy and depression in chronic illness: key findings from the \u2018SODALITY\u2019 observational study. Aging and Mental Health, 27(4), 820\u2013828. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13607863.2022.2056877","journal-title":"Aging and Mental Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"2317_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcz058","volume":"112","author":"C J\u00fcngst","year":"2019","unstructured":"J\u00fcngst, C., Gr\u00e4ber, S., Simons, S., Wedemeyer, H., & Lammert, F. (2019). Medication adherence among patients with chronic diseases: A survey-based study in pharmacies. QJM: an International Journal of Medicine, 112(7), 505\u2013512. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/qjmed\/hcz058","journal-title":"QJM: an International Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"2317_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3729","DOI":"10.1007\/s10943-024-02112-6","volume":"63","author":"HG Koenig","year":"2024","unstructured":"Koenig, H. G., & Carey, L. B. (2024). Religion, spirituality and health research: Warning of contaminated scales. Journal of Religion and Health, 63(5), 3729\u20133743. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10943-024-02112-6","journal-title":"Journal of Religion and Health"},{"key":"2317_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10943-025-02249-y","author":"HG Koenig","year":"2025","unstructured":"Koenig, H. G., & Carey, L. B. (2025). Approaches for analyzing the relationship between spirituality and health using measures contaminated with \u0131ndicators of mental and social health. Journal of Religion and Health. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10943-025-02249-y","journal-title":"Journal of Religion and Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"2317_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1093\/10.7150\/ijms.51172","volume":"18","author":"A Ko\u0142tuniuk","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ko\u0142tuniuk, A., & Rosi\u0144czuk, J. (2021). The levels of depression, anxiety, acceptance of illness, and medication adherence in patients with multiple sclerosis-descriptive and correlational study. International Journal of Medical Sciences, 18(1), 216\u2013225. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/10.7150\/ijms.51172","journal-title":"International Journal of Medical Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"2317_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1111\/ppc.12566","volume":"57","author":"C K\u00fctme\u00e7 Y\u0131lmaz","year":"2021","unstructured":"K\u00fctme\u00e7 Y\u0131lmaz, C., & Kara, F. \u015e. (2021). The effect of spiritual well-being on adaptation to chronic \u0131llness among people with chronic \u0131llnesses. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 57(1), 318\u2013325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ppc.12566","journal-title":"Perspectives in Psychiatric Care"},{"key":"2317_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2020.104154","volume":"90","author":"J Lu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lu, J., Zhang, N., Mao, D., Wang, Y., & Wang, X. (2020). How social isolation and loneliness effect medication adherence among elderly with chronic diseases: An integrated theory and validated cross-sectional study. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 90, 104154. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.archger.2020.104154","journal-title":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2317_CR30","first-page":"231","volume":"13","author":"V Matrenitsky","year":"2021","unstructured":"Matrenitsky, V. (2021). Biopsychosocial-spiritual approach to cancer origin and treatment. Journal of Alternative Medicine Research, 13(3), 231\u2013240.","journal-title":"Journal of Alternative Medicine Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"2317_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1207\/S15324796ABM2401_06","volume":"24","author":"AH Peterman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Peterman, A. H., Fitchett, G., Brady, M. J., Hernandez, L., & Cella, D. (2002). Measuring spiritual well-being in people with cancer: the functional assessment of chronic illness therapy\u2014Spiritual well-being scale (fACIT-Sp). Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 24(1), 49\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1207\/S15324796ABM2401_06","journal-title":"Annals of Behavioral Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"2317_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-68915-1","volume":"10","author":"\u0141 Pietrzykowski","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pietrzykowski, \u0141, Michalski, P., Kosobucka, A., Kasprzak, M., Fabiszak, T., Stolarek, W., Siller-Matula, J. M., & Kubica, A. (2020). Medication adherence and its determinants in patients after myocardial infarction. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-68915-1","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"2317_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2020.110252","volume":"138","author":"A Ratajska","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ratajska, A., Glanz, B. I., Chitnis, T., Weiner, H. L., & Healy, B. C. (2020). Social support in multiple sclerosis: Associations with quality of life, depression, and anxiety. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 138, 110252. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2020.110252","journal-title":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research"},{"issue":"8","key":"2317_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.5539\/gjhs.v12n8p127","volume":"12","author":"T Romeyke","year":"2020","unstructured":"Romeyke, T., Noehammer, E., & Stummer, H. (2020). Patient-report-outcome-measure and incentives for inpatient chronic care in Germany. Global Journal of Health Science, 12(8), 127\u2013143. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5539\/gjhs.v12n8p127","journal-title":"Global Journal of Health Science"},{"issue":"8","key":"2317_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2183","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-019-02183-z","volume":"28","author":"M Saffari","year":"2019","unstructured":"Saffari, M., Lin, C.-Y., Chen, H., & Pakpour, A. H. (2019). The role of religious coping and social support on medication adherence and quality of life among the elderly with type 2 diabetes. Quality of Life Research, 28(8), 2183\u20132193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11136-019-02183-z","journal-title":"Quality of Life Research"},{"key":"2317_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schmidt, H. (2016). Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Public Health Ethics: Cases Spanning the Globe, 137\u2013176.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-23847-0_5"},{"key":"2317_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-020-02452-8","volume":"52","author":"JJB Seng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Seng, J. J. B., Tan, J. Y., Yeam, C. T., Htay, H., & Foo, W. Y. M. (2020). Factors affecting medication adherence among pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of literature. International Urology and Nephrology, 52, 903\u2013916. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11255-020-02452-8","journal-title":"International Urology and Nephrology"},{"key":"2317_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.2147\/PPA.S212046","volume":"13","author":"W Shahin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shahin, W., Kennedy, G. A., & Stupans, I. (2019). The impact of personal and cultural beliefs on medication adherence of patients with chronic illnesses: A systematic review. Patient Preference and Adherence, 13, 1019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/PPA.S212046","journal-title":"Patient Preference and Adherence"},{"issue":"2","key":"2317_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18549\/Pharmpract.2021.2.2300","volume":"19","author":"W Shahin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shahin, W., Kennedy, G. A., & Stupans, I. (2021). The association between social support and medication adherence in patients with hypertension: A systematic review. Pharmacy Practice (Granada), 19(2), 1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18549\/Pharmpract.2021.2.2300","journal-title":"Pharmacy Practice (Granada)"},{"issue":"11","key":"2317_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E29693","DOI":"10.2196\/29693","volume":"7","author":"X Shi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shi, X., Da Silva Lima, S. M., De Miranda Mota, C. M., Lu, Y., Stafford, R. S., & Pereira, C. V. (2021). Prevalence of multimorbidity of chronic noncommunicable diseases in Brazil: Population-based study. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, 7(11), E29693. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/29693","journal-title":"JMIR Public Health and Surveillance"},{"issue":"5","key":"2317_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E127820","DOI":"10.5812\/Ijcm-127820","volume":"15","author":"A Shirinabadi Farahani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shirinabadi Farahani, A., Ashrafizadeh, H., Akbari, M. E., Motefakker, S., Khademi, F., Ebrahimloee, S., Karami, M., Moghimian, R., Razmara, R., & Abreu, W. (2022). The mediating role of spiritual health in adherence to treatment in patients with cancer. International Journal of Cancer Management, 15(5), E127820. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5812\/Ijcm-127820","journal-title":"International Journal of Cancer Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"2317_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291796004382","volume":"27","author":"PH Spinhoven","year":"1997","unstructured":"Spinhoven, P. H., Ormel, J., Sloekers, P. P. A., Kempen, G. I. J. M., Speckens, A. E., & Van Hemert, A. M. (1997). A validation study of the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) in different groups of Dutch subjects. Psychological Medicine, 27(2), 363\u2013370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0033291796004382","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"2317_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1177\/1747016120988767","volume":"17","author":"W Stommel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stommel, W., & Rijk, L. D. (2021). Ethical approval: None sought. How discourse analysts report ethical issues around publicly available online data. Research Ethics, 17(3), 275\u2013297. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1747016120988767","journal-title":"Research Ethics"},{"key":"2317_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S308322","author":"N \u015awi\u0105toniowska-Lonc","year":"2021","unstructured":"\u015awi\u0105toniowska-Lonc, N., Ta\u0144ski, W., Pola\u0144ski, J., Jankowska-Pola\u0144ska, B., & Mazur, G. (2021). Psychosocial determinants of treatment adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes\u2013A review. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity,. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/DMSO.S308322","journal-title":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity,"},{"key":"2317_CR45","volume-title":"Using multivariate statistics","author":"BG Tabachnick","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tabachnick, B. G., Fidell, L. S., & Ullman, J. B. (2013). Using multivariate statistics. Pearson."},{"issue":"1","key":"2317_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.26650\/IUITFD.413637","volume":"82","author":"E Temelo\u011flu \u015een","year":"2019","unstructured":"Temelo\u011flu \u015een, E., Sertel Berk, \u00d6., & Sindel, D. (2019). Validity and reliability study of the Turkish adaptation of the medication adherence reporting scale. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, 82(1), 52\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26650\/IUITFD.413637","journal-title":"Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"2317_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E69646","DOI":"10.5812\/Msnj.69646","volume":"7","author":"H Vahedparast","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vahedparast, H., Mohammadi, E., Ahmadi, F., & Farhadi, A. (2018). The Role of social support in adherence to treatment regimens: Experiences of patients with chronic diseases. Medical-Surgical Nursing Journal, 7(1), E69646. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5812\/Msnj.69646","journal-title":"Medical-Surgical Nursing Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"2317_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181577511","volume":"2","author":"JP Vandenbroucke","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vandenbroucke, J. P., Von Elm, E., Altman, D. G., Gotzsche, P. C., Mulrow, C. D., Pocock, S. J., Poole, C., Schlesselman, J. J., & Matthias, E. (2021). Strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE): Explanation and elaboration. Translation to Russian. Digital Diagnostics, 2(2), 119\u2013169. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181577511","journal-title":"Translation to Russian. Digital Diagnostics"},{"key":"2317_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237796082311589","DOI":"10.1097\/10.1177\/23779608231158975","volume":"9","author":"T Yosef","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yosef, T., Nureye, D., Tekalign, E., Assefa, E., & Shifera, N. (2023). Medication adherence and contributing factors among type 2 diabetes patients at adama hospital medical college in eastern ethiopia. SAGE Open Nursing, 9, 23779608231158976. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/10.1177\/23779608231158975","journal-title":"SAGE Open Nursing"},{"issue":"18","key":"2317_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11411","DOI":"10.3390\/Ijerph191811411","volume":"19","author":"L Zhao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhao, L., Zheng, X., Ji, K., Wang, Z., Sang, L., Chen, X., Tang, L., Zhu, Y., Bai, Z., & Chen, R. (2022). The relationship between social support and anxiety among rural older people in elderly caring social organizations: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(18), 11411. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/Ijerph191811411","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"2317_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/J.1600-0447.1983.Tb09716.X","volume":"67","author":"AS Zigmond","year":"1983","unstructured":"Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983). The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 67(6), 361\u2013370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/J.1600-0447.1983.Tb09716.X","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica"},{"issue":"1","key":"2317_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327752jpa5201_2","volume":"52","author":"GD Zimet","year":"1988","unstructured":"Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52(1), 30\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1207\/S15327752jpa5201_2","journal-title":"Journal of Personality Assessment"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1007\/s10943-025-02396-2","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,26]],"date-time":"2025-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753488000000}}],"container-title":["Journal of Religion and Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10943-025-02317-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10943-025-02317-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10943-025-02317-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T05:18:51Z","timestamp":1758259131000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10943-025-02317-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["2317"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10943-025-02317-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-4197","1573-6571"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-4197","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-6571","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 February 2025","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 April 2025","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 July 2025","order":3,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Update","order":4,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Article title has been corrected.","order":5,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 July 2025","order":6,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":7,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A Correction to this paper has been published:","order":8,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10943-025-02396-2","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10943-025-02396-2","order":9,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This study received ethical approval from the Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli University (Decision No: 2022\/86). This study was performed in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 2013.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}}]}}