{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T10:50:58Z","timestamp":1764759058005,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754438400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754438400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P01 HD31921"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P01 HD31921"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Relig Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10943-025-02405-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T03:06:22Z","timestamp":1754449582000},"page":"4955-4976","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Education, Religious Attendance, and Precursors to Deaths of Despair in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5821-8879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel H.","family":"Fishman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Upenieks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2405_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1177\/002204260803800305","volume":"38","author":"SJ Bahr","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bahr, S. J., & Hoffmann, J. P. (2008). Religiosity, peers, and adolescent drug use. Journal of Drug Issues, 38(3), 743\u2013769. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/002204260803800305","journal-title":"Journal of Drug Issues"},{"issue":"6","key":"2405_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2007.03.001","volume":"32","author":"JP Bartkowski","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bartkowski, J. P., & Xu, X. (2007). Religiosity and teen drug use reconsidered: A social capital perspective. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 32(6), S182\u2013S194.","journal-title":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine"},{"issue":"1\/2","key":"2405_CR3","first-page":"83","volume":"82","author":"M Benjamins","year":"2007","unstructured":"Benjamins, M., Rhodes, D., Carp, J., & Whitman, S. (2007). Conducting and responding to a Jewish community health survey. Journal of Jewish Communal Service,\n82(1\/2), 83\u201395.","journal-title":"Journal of Jewish Communal Service"},{"key":"2405_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00221465241291845","author":"G Bulczak","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bulczak, G., Gugushvili, A., & Koltai, J. (2024). The heterogeneous effects of college education on outcomes related to deaths of despair. Journal of Health and Social Behavior. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00221465241291845","journal-title":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior"},{"issue":"1","key":"2405_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2006.12.004","volume":"89","author":"AW Carrico","year":"2007","unstructured":"Carrico, A. W., Gifford, E. V., & Moos, R. H. (2007). Spirituality\/religiosity promotes acceptance-based responding and 12-step involvement. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 89(1), 66\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2006.12.004","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"issue":"49","key":"2405_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15078","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1518393112","volume":"112","author":"A Case","year":"2015","unstructured":"Case, A., & Deaton, A. (2015). Rising morbidity and mortality in midlife among white non-Hispanic Americans in the 21st century. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 112(49), 15078\u201315083. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1518393112","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"2405_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2006.12.004","volume":"2017","author":"A Case","year":"2017","unstructured":"Case, A., & Deaton, A. (2017). Mortality and morbidity in the 21st century. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 2017, 397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2006.12.004","journal-title":"Brookings Papers on Economic Activity"},{"key":"2405_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctvpr7rb2","volume-title":"Deaths of Despair and the future of capitalism","author":"A Case","year":"2020","unstructured":"Case, A., & Deaton, A. (2020). Deaths of Despair and the future of capitalism. Princeton University Press."},{"issue":"1","key":"2405_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-economics-051520-015607","volume":"14","author":"A Case","year":"2022","unstructured":"Case, A., & Deaton, A. (2022). The great divide: Education, despair, and death. Annual Review of Economics, 14(1), 1\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-economics-051520-015607","journal-title":"Annual Review of Economics"},{"issue":"7","key":"2405_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2020.0175","volume":"77","author":"Y Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen, Y., Koh, H. K., Kawachi, I., Botticelli, M., & VanderWeele, T. J. (2020). Religious service attendance and deaths related to drugs, alcohol, and suicide among US health care professionals. JAMA Psychiatry, 77(7), 737\u2013744. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2020.0175","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"2405_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e208627","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2020.0175","volume":"3","author":"WE Copeland","year":"2020","unstructured":"Copeland, W. E., Gaydosh, L., Hill, S. N., Godwin, J., Harris, K. M., Costello, E. J., & Shanahan, L. (2020). Associations of despair with suicidality and substance misuse among young adults. JAMA Network Open, 3(6), e208627\u2013e208627. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2020.0175","journal-title":"JAMA Network Open"},{"key":"2405_CR12","unstructured":"Curtin, S. C., & Arias, E. (2019). Mortality trends by race and ethnicity among adults aged 25 and over: United States, 2000\u20132017. National Center for Health Statistics."},{"key":"2405_CR13","unstructured":"Davern, M., Bautista, R., Freese, J., Morgan, S. L., & Smith, T. W. (2020). General social survey panel data (2016\u20132020) . The Association of Religion Data Archives: National Opinion Research Center."},{"key":"2405_CR14","volume-title":"Suicide","author":"E Durkheim","year":"1952","unstructured":"Durkheim, E. (1952). Suicide. Routledge & Kegan Paul."},{"issue":"4","key":"2405_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1093\/sf\/71.4.1027","volume":"71","author":"CG Ellison","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ellison, C. G. (1993). Religious involvement and self-perception among Black Americans. Social Forces, 71(4), 1027\u20131055. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/sf\/71.4.1027","journal-title":"Social Forces"},{"key":"2405_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ellison, C. G., & Henderson, A. K. (2011). Religion and mental health: Through the lens of the stress process. In Toward a sociological theory of religion and health (pp. 11\u201344). Brill Academic Pub.","DOI":"10.1163\/ej.9789004205970.i-277.7"},{"key":"2405_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2021.100759","volume":"14","author":"SH Fishman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fishman, S. H., & Gutin, I. (2021). Debts of despair: Education, financial losses, and precursors of deaths of despair. SSM - Population Health,\n14, Article 100759. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ssmph.2021.100759","journal-title":"SSM - Population Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"2405_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1300\/J233v03n03_02","volume":"3","author":"J Fogel","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fogel, J. (2005). Illegal drug use in orthodox Jewish adolescents. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse, 3(3), 17\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1300\/J233v03n03_02","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse"},{"issue":"5","key":"2405_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2019.305002","volume":"109","author":"L Gaydosh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gaydosh, L., Hummer, R. A., Hargrove, T. W., Halpern, C. T., Hussey, J. M., Whitsel, E. A., Dole, N., & Harris, K. M. (2019). The depths of despair among US adults entering midlife. American Journal of Public Health, 109(5), 774\u2013780. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/AJPH.2019.305002","journal-title":"American Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"2405_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2478","DOI":"10.1007\/s10943-018-0629-8","volume":"57","author":"RE Gearing","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gearing, R. E., & Alonzo, D. (2018). Religion and suicide: New findings. Journal of Religion and Health, 57(6), 2478\u20132499. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10943-018-0629-8","journal-title":"Journal of Religion and Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"2405_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327965PLI1303_04","volume":"13","author":"LK George","year":"2002","unstructured":"George, L. K., Ellison, C. G., & Larson, D. B. (2002). Explaining the relationships between religious involvement and health. Psychological Inquiry, 13(3), 190\u2013200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1207\/S15327965PLI1303_04","journal-title":"Psychological Inquiry"},{"key":"2405_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3386\/w30840","author":"T Giles","year":"2023","unstructured":"Giles, T., Hungerman, D. M., & Oostrom, T. (2023). Opiates of the masses? Deaths of despair and the decline of American religion. National Bureau of Economic Research. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3386\/w30840","journal-title":"National Bureau of Economic Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"2405_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-4560.1995.tb01324.x","volume":"51","author":"RL Gorsuch","year":"1995","unstructured":"Gorsuch, R. L. (1995). Religious aspects of substance abuse and recovery. Journal of Social Issues, 51(2), 65\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1540-4560.1995.tb01324.x","journal-title":"Journal of Social Issues"},{"key":"2405_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.115764","volume":"320","author":"I Gutin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gutin, I., Copeland, W., Godwin, J., Harris, K. M., Shanahan, L., & Gaydosh, L. (2023). Defining despair: Assessing the multidimensionality of despair and its association with suicidality and substance use in early to middle adulthood. Social Science & Medicine,\n320, Article 115764. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.115764","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"2405_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1177\/002214650604700403","volume":"47","author":"SA Haas","year":"2006","unstructured":"Haas, S. A. (2006). Health selection and the process of social stratification: The effect of childhood health on socioeconomic attainment. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 47(4), 339\u2013354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/002214650604700403","journal-title":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior"},{"issue":"2","key":"2405_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1177\/104365960935763","volume":"21","author":"L Haddad","year":"2010","unstructured":"Haddad, L., Shotar, A., Umlauf, M., & Al-Zyoud, S. (2010). Knowledge of substance abuse among high school students in Jordan. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 21(2), 143\u2013150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/104365960935763","journal-title":"Journal of Transcultural Nursing"},{"key":"2405_CR27","unstructured":"Harris, K. M. (1999). The health status and risk behaviors of adolescents in immigrant families. In Children of immigrants: Health, adjustment, and public assistance (pp. 286\u2013347)."},{"key":"2405_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-09732-9_9","author":"TD Hill","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hill, T. D., Burdette, A. M., Weiss, M. L., & Chitwood, D. D. (2009). Religious involvement and adolescent substance use. Adolescent Substance Abuse: Evidence-Based Approaches to Prevention and Treatment. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-0-387-09732-9_9","journal-title":"Adolescent Substance Abuse: Evidence-Based Approaches to Prevention and Treatment"},{"issue":"1","key":"2405_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1093\/sf\/sou053","volume":"93","author":"JP Hoffmann","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hoffmann, J. P. (2014). Religiousness, social networks, moral schemas, and marijuana use: A dynamic dual-process model of culture and behavior. Social Forces, 93(1), 181\u2013208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/sf\/sou053","journal-title":"Social Forces"},{"issue":"6408","key":"2405_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaau1184","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aau1184","volume":"361","author":"H Jalal","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jalal, H., Buchanich, J. M., Roberts, M. S., Balmert, L. C., Zhang, K., & Burke, D. S. (2018). Changing dynamics of the drug overdose epidemic in the United States from 1979 through 2016. Science, 361(6408), eaau1184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aau1184","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"2405_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1007\/s40894-020-00143-0","volume":"6","author":"LA Jensen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jensen, L. A. (2021). The cultural psychology of religiosity, spirituality, and secularism in adolescence. Adolescent Research Review, 6(3), 277\u2013288. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40894-020-00143-0","journal-title":"Adolescent Research Review"},{"issue":"3","key":"2405_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1093\/sf\/sox079","volume":"96","author":"JB Kane","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kane, J. B., Harris, K. M., Morgan, S. P., & Guilkey, D. K. (2018). Pathways of health and human capital from adolescence into young adulthood. Social Forces, 96(3), 949\u2013976. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/sf\/sox079","journal-title":"Social Forces"},{"issue":"1","key":"2405_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1177\/0081175012444861","volume":"42","author":"KB Karlson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Karlson, K. B., Holm, A., & Breen, R. (2012). Comparing regression coefficients between same-sample nested models using logit and probit: A new method. Sociological Methodology, 42(1), 286\u2013313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0081175012444861","journal-title":"Sociological Methodology"},{"key":"2405_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2560","DOI":"10.1007\/s10943-021-01224-7","volume":"60","author":"YJ Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim, Y. J., Crutchfield, J., & Kim, Y. K. (2021). Effects of church attendance vs. private religious activities on suicidal ideation: A study of rural US college students. Journal of Religion and Health, 60, 2560\u20132572. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10943-021-01224-7","journal-title":"Journal of Religion and Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"2405_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-soc-030320-031757","volume":"48","author":"L King","year":"2022","unstructured":"King, L., Scheiring, G., & Nosrati, E. (2022). Deaths of despair in comparative perspective. Annual Review of Sociology, 48(1), 299\u2013317.","journal-title":"Annual Review of Sociology"},{"issue":"4","key":"2405_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.113.128900","volume":"204","author":"EM Kleiman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kleiman, E. M., & Liu, R. T. (2014). Prospective prediction of suicide in a nationally representative sample: Religious service attendance as a protective factor. British Journal of Psychiatry,\n204(4), 262\u2013266. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjp.bp.113.128900","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"2405_CR37","unstructured":"Kochanek, K. D., Murphy, S. L., Xu, J., & Arias, E. (2017). Mortality in the United States, 2016. National Center for Health Statistics."},{"key":"2405_CR38","volume-title":"Handbook of religion and health","author":"HG Koenig","year":"2012","unstructured":"Koenig, H. G., King, D., & Carson, V. B. (2012). Handbook of religion and health. Oxford University Press."},{"key":"2405_CR39","volume-title":"Religion, virtues, and health","author":"NM Krause","year":"2021","unstructured":"Krause, N. M. (2021). Religion, virtues, and health. Oxford University Press."},{"issue":"3","key":"2405_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1177\/0022146517715671","volume":"58","author":"EM Lawrence","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lawrence, E. M. (2017). Why do college graduates behave more healthfully than those who are less educated? Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 58(3), 291\u2013306. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0022146517715671","journal-title":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior"},{"issue":"11","key":"2405_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000484","volume":"204","author":"RE Lawrence","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lawrence, R. E., Brent, D., Mann, J. J., Burke, A. K., Grunebaum, M. F., Galfalvy, H. C., & Oquendo, M. A. (2016). Religion as a risk factor for suicide attempt and suicide ideation among depressed patients. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 204(11), 845\u2013850. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000484","journal-title":"The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease"},{"issue":"3","key":"2405_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327582ijpr1503_3","volume":"15","author":"A Mahoney","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mahoney, A., Carels, R. A., Pargament, K. I., Wachholtz, A., Edwards Leeper, L., Kaplar, M., & Frutchey, R. (2005). The sanctification of the body and behavioral health patterns of college students. International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 15(3), 221\u2013238. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1207\/s15327582ijpr1503_3","journal-title":"International Journal for the Psychology of Religion"},{"issue":"5","key":"2405_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2011.06.019","volume":"73","author":"J Maselko","year":"2011","unstructured":"Maselko, J., Hughes, C., & Cheney, R. (2011). Religious social capital: Its measurement and utility in the study of the social determinants of health. Social Science & Medicine,\n73(5), 759\u2013767.","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"2405_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1037\/a0014213","volume":"135","author":"ME McCullough","year":"2009","unstructured":"McCullough, M. E., & Willoughby, B. L. (2009). Religion, self-regulation, and self-control: Associations, explanations, and implications. Psychological Bulletin,\n135(1), 69. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0014213","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"issue":"1","key":"2405_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1093\/esr\/jcp006","volume":"26","author":"C Mood","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mood, C. (2010). Logistic regression: Why we cannot do what we think we can do, and what we can do about it. European Sociological Review, 26(1), 67\u201382.","journal-title":"European Sociological Review"},{"issue":"6","key":"2405_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-022-02218-w","volume":"57","author":"PJ Na","year":"2022","unstructured":"Na, P. J., Stefanovics, E. A., Rhee, T. G., & Rosenheck, R. A. (2022). \u201cLives of despair\u201d at risk for \u201cdeaths of despair\u201d: Tracking an under-recognized, vulnerable population. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 57(6), 1123\u20131134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00127-022-02218-w","journal-title":"Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2405_CR47","first-page":"59","volume":"3","author":"G Nelson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nelson, G., Hanna, R., Houri, A., & Klimes-Dougan, B. (2012). Protective functions of religious traditions for suicide risk. Suicidology Online, 3(1), 59\u201371.","journal-title":"Suicidology Online"},{"issue":"1","key":"2405_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2011.12.027","volume":"139","author":"S Nkansah-Amankra","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nkansah-Amankra, S., Diedhiou, A., Agbanu, S. K., Agbanu, H. L., Opoku-Adomako, N. S., & Twumasi-Ankrah, P. (2012). A longitudinal evaluation of religiosity and psychosocial determinants of suicidal behaviors among a population-based sample in the United States. Journal of Affective Disorders, 139(1), 40\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2011.12.027","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"issue":"1","key":"2405_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1177\/0898010118783502","volume":"38","author":"RL Page","year":"2020","unstructured":"Page, R. L., Peltzer, J. N., Burdette, A. M., & Hill, T. D. (2020). Religiosity and health: A holistic biopsychosocial perspective. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 38(1), 89\u2013101.","journal-title":"Journal of Holistic Nursing"},{"issue":"4","key":"2405_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4679","volume":"56","author":"KI Pargament","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pargament, K. I., Koenig, H. G., & Perez, L. M. (2000). The many methods of religious coping: Development and initial validation of the RCOPE. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 56(4), 519\u2013543. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4679","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"2405_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-016-9755-5","volume":"40","author":"CL Park","year":"2017","unstructured":"Park, C. L., Masters, K. S., Salsman, J. M., Wachholtz, A., Clements, A. D., Salmoirago-Blotcher, E., Trevino, K., & Wischenka, D. M. (2017). Advancing our understanding of religion and spirituality in the context of behavioral medicine. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 40, 39\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10865-016-9755-5","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"2405_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-soc-073117-041317","volume":"45","author":"LD Pearce","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pearce, L. D., Uecker, J. E., & Denton, M. L. (2019). Religion and adolescent outcomes: How and under what conditions religion matters. Annual Review of Sociology, 45(1), 201\u2013222. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-soc-073117-041317","journal-title":"Annual Review of Sociology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2405_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34172\/jrhs.2022.72","volume":"22","author":"J Poorolajal","year":"2022","unstructured":"Poorolajal, J., Goudarzi, M., Gohari-Ensaf, F., & Darvishi, N. (2022). Relationship of religion with suicidal ideation, suicide plan, suicide attempt, and suicide death: A meta-analysis. Journal of Research in Health Sciences, 22(1), Article e00537. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34172\/jrhs.2022.72","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Health Sciences"},{"key":"2405_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Putnam, R. D. (2000). Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. Simon & Schuster.","DOI":"10.1145\/358916.361990"},{"key":"2405_CR55","unstructured":"Putnam, R. D., & Campbell, D. E. (2012). American grace: How religion divides and unites us. Simon and Schuster."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"2405_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2008.08.007","volume":"114","author":"DT Rasic","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rasic, D. T., Belik, S.-L., Elias, B., Katz, L. Y., Enns, M., Sareen, J., Team, S. C. S. P. (2009). Spirituality, religion and suicidal behavior in a nationally representative sample. Journal of Affective Disorders, 114(1\u20133), 32\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2008.08.007","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"issue":"4","key":"2405_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-089X(03)00027-9","volume":"32","author":"MD Regnerus","year":"2003","unstructured":"Regnerus, M. D., & Elder, G. H. (2003). Religion and vulnerability among low-risk adolescents. Social Science Research, 32(4), 633\u2013658. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0049-089X(03)00027-9","journal-title":"Social Science Research"},{"key":"2405_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2019.01.001","volume":"64","author":"CJ Ruhm","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ruhm, C. J. (2019). Drivers of the fatal drug epidemic. Journal of Health Economics, 64, 25\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2019.01.001","journal-title":"Journal of Health Economics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2405_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/s13644-011-0007-4","volume":"53","author":"P Schwadel","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schwadel, P. (2011). The effects of education on Americans\u2019 religious practices, beliefs, and affiliations. Review of Religious Research, 53(2), 161\u2013182.","journal-title":"Review of Religious Research"},{"key":"2405_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.114642","volume":"293","author":"C Seto","year":"2022","unstructured":"Seto, C. (2022). Saving grace? Religious ecology and deaths of despair. Social Science & Medicine,\n293, Article 114642. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.114642","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"2405_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1080\/02732170802205932","volume":"28","author":"DE Sherkat","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sherkat, D. E. (2008). Beyond belief: Atheism, agnosticism, and theistic certainty in the United States. Sociological Spectrum,\n28(5), 438\u2013459.","journal-title":"Sociological Spectrum"},{"key":"2405_CR62","unstructured":"Smith, C., & Kim, P. (2003). Family Religious Involvement and the Quality of Family Relationships for Early Adolescents. A Research Report of the National Study of Youth and Religion."},{"issue":"9","key":"2405_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwab088","volume":"190","author":"AM Tilstra","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tilstra, A. M., Simon, D. H., & Masters, R. K. (2021). Trends in \u201cdeaths of despair\u201d among working-aged White and Black Americans, 1990\u20132017. American Journal of Epidemiology, 190(9), 1751\u20131759. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/aje\/kwab088","journal-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"2405_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1667","DOI":"10.1353\/sof.2007.0083","volume":"85","author":"JE Uecker","year":"2007","unstructured":"Uecker, J. E., Regnerus, M. D., & Vaaler, M. L. (2007). Losing my religion: The social sources of religious decline in early adulthood. Social Forces, 85(4), 1667\u20131692.","journal-title":"Social Forces"},{"issue":"5","key":"2405_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721417721526","volume":"26","author":"TJ VanderWeele","year":"2017","unstructured":"VanderWeele, T. J. (2017). Religious communities and human flourishing. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 26(5), 476\u2013481. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0963721417721526","journal-title":"Current Directions in Psychological Science"},{"issue":"8","key":"2405_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2016.1243","volume":"73","author":"TJ VanderWeele","year":"2016","unstructured":"VanderWeele, T. J., Li, S., Tsai, A. C., & Kawachi, I. (2016). Association between religious service attendance and lower suicide rates among US women. JAMA Psychiatry, 73(8), 845\u2013851. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2016.1243","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"2405_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1086\/684202","volume":"121","author":"D Voas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Voas, D., & Chaves, M. (2016). Is the United States a counterexample to the secularization thesis? American Journal of Sociology, 121(5), 1517\u20131556. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/684202","journal-title":"American Journal of Sociology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2405_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1353\/sof.2006.0075","volume":"84","author":"MR Welch","year":"2006","unstructured":"Welch, M. R., Tittle, C. R., & Grasmick, H. G. (2006). Christian religiosity, self-control and social conformity. Social Forces, 84(3), 1605\u20131623.","journal-title":"Social Forces"},{"issue":"1","key":"2405_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.35946\/arcr.v39.1.09","volume":"39","author":"RW Wilsnack","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wilsnack, R. W., Wilsnack, S. C., Gmel, G., & Kantor, L. W. (2018). Gender differences in binge drinking: Prevalence, predictors, and consequences. Alcohol Research: Current Reviews,\n39(1), 57.","journal-title":"Alcohol Research: Current Reviews"},{"key":"2405_CR70","unstructured":"Xu, J., Murphy, S. L., Kochanek, K. D., & Arias, E. (2020). Mortality in the United States, 2018. National Center for Health Statistics."},{"key":"2405_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237802312110211","DOI":"10.1177\/237802312110211","volume":"7","author":"A Zajacova","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zajacova, A., & Lawrence, E. (2021). Postsecondary educational attainment and health among younger US adults in the \u201ccollege-for-all\u201d era. Socius, 7, 23780231211021196. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/237802312110211","journal-title":"Socius"}],"container-title":["Journal of Religion and Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10943-025-02405-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10943-025-02405-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10943-025-02405-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T10:46:06Z","timestamp":1764758766000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10943-025-02405-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2405"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10943-025-02405-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-4197","1573-6571"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0022-4197"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1573-6571"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 July 2025","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 August 2025","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have not disclosed any competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}