{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T12:12:53Z","timestamp":1788955973281,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Relig Health"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10943-026-02783-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T12:01:02Z","timestamp":1788955262000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Relationship Between Self-stigma, Loneliness, and Religious Coping in Primary Caregivers of Individuals with Mental Disorders in T\u00fcrkiye"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3703-3848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet S\u0131dd\u0131k","family":"Veral","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2886-6848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emre","family":"Ciydem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2783_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.35365\/ctjpp.25.3.06","volume":"7","author":"A Akar","year":"2025","unstructured":"Akar, A. (2025). The relationship between loneliness, religious coping and care burden in primary caregivers of individuals with mental disorders. Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry & Psychology, 7(3), 269\u2013277. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.35365\/ctjpp.25.3.06","journal-title":"Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry & Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2783_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.2174\/0126660822283482231205111717","volume":"21","author":"M Akhoondi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Akhoondi, M., Sadeghian, E., Aubi, E., & Shamsaei, F. (2025). The association between internalized stigma and feelings of loneliness and quality of life in patients with mental disorders. Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews, 21(2), 200\u2013214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/0126660822283482231205111717","journal-title":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews"},{"issue":"4","key":"2783_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1806","DOI":"10.1111\/ppc.12753","volume":"57","author":"N Altan Sarikaya","year":"2021","unstructured":"Altan Sarikaya, N., Oz, S., & Ozturk, S. (2021). Perceptions of loneliness and well being of psychiatric patients\u2019 families. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 57(4), 1806\u20131811. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ppc.12753","journal-title":"Perspectives in Psychiatric Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"2783_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnu.2021.06.013","volume":"35","author":"D Avci","year":"2021","unstructured":"Avci, D., Duran, S., Oz, Y. C., & Basak, I. (2021). Suicide probability in psychiatric patients\u2019 primary caregivers: The role of care burden, alexithymia and some risk factors. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 35(5), 457\u2013464. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apnu.2021.06.013","journal-title":"Archives of Psychiatric Nursing"},{"issue":"9","key":"2783_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2658","DOI":"10.1177\/02654075221087190","volume":"39","author":"M Barreto","year":"2022","unstructured":"Barreto, M., van Breen, J., Victor, C., Hammond, C., Eccles, A., Richins, M. T., & Qualter, P. (2022). Exploring the nature and variation of the stigma associated with loneliness. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 39(9), 2658\u20132679. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/02654075221087190","journal-title":"Journal of Social and Personal Relationships"},{"issue":"2","key":"2783_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2015.09.033","volume":"230","author":"A Bassirnia","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bassirnia, A., Briggs, J., Kopeykina, I., Mednick, A., Yaseen, Z., & Galynker, I. (2015). Relationship between personality traits and perceived internalized stigma in bipolar patients and their treatment partners. Psychiatry Research, 230(2), 436\u2013440. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychres.2015.09.033","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"issue":"10","key":"2783_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.54393\/pbmj.v7i10.1082","volume":"7","author":"S Batool","year":"2024","unstructured":"Batool, S., Schwaiger, E., Nazim, A., Sultana, R., & Younis, H. (2024). Exploring gender differences in perceived stress, internalized stigma of mental illness, and coping styles among caregivers of people diagnosed with psychiatric illness. Pakistan BioMedical Journal, 7(10), 7\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54393\/pbmj.v7i10.1082","journal-title":"Pakistan BioMedical Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"2783_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.4103\/jmhhb.jmhhb_25_25","volume":"30","author":"V Bharti","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bharti, V., Joseph, J., Malik, Y. K., & Devi, R. (2025). Assessment of mental, spiritual well-being, and religious coping among caregivers of people with mental disorders: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Mental Health and Human Behaviour, 30(1), 56\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jmhhb.jmhhb_25_25","journal-title":"Journal of Mental Health and Human Behaviour"},{"issue":"5","key":"2783_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4010","DOI":"10.1007\/s10943-025-02360-0","volume":"64","author":"C Bozkurt","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bozkurt, C., & Bulut, H. (2025). The effect of religious coping levels on asthma control in asthmatic adults in T\u00fcrkiye. Journal of Religion and Health, 64(5), 4010\u20134025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10943-025-02360-0","journal-title":"Journal of Religion and Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"2783_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000671","volume":"205","author":"CC Chang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chang, C. C., Yen, C. F., Jang, F. L., Su, J. A., & Lin, C. Y. (2017). Comparing affiliate stigma between family caregivers of people with different severe mental illness in Taiwan. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 205(7), 542\u2013549. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000671","journal-title":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease"},{"issue":"4","key":"2783_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1177\/0020764006074538","volume":"53","author":"H Charles","year":"2007","unstructured":"Charles, H., Manoranjitham, S. D., & Jacob, K. S. (2007). Stigma and explanatory models among people with schizophrenia and their relatives in Vellore, South India. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 53(4), 325\u2013332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0020764006074538","journal-title":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"2783_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-023-03735-2","volume":"23","author":"YJ Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen, Y. J., Su, J. A., Chen, J. S., Liu, C. H., Griffiths, M. D., Tsai, H. C., Chang, C. C., & Lin, C. Y. (2023). Examining the association between neuropsychiatric symptoms among people with dementia and caregiver mental health: Are caregiver burden and affiliate stigma mediators? BMC Geriatrics, 23(1), 27. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12877-023-03735-2","journal-title":"BMC Geriatrics"},{"key":"2783_CR13","unstructured":"Ek\u015fi, H., & Say\u0131n, M. (2016). The adaptation of Religious Coping Scale into Turkish language: A study of bilingual equivalence, validity, and reliability. In Paper presented at the AGP Humanities and Social Sciences Conference. BAU International Berlin University, Berlin, Germany."},{"issue":"32","key":"2783_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000034558","volume":"102","author":"A Erdo\u011fan Kaya","year":"2023","unstructured":"Erdo\u011fan Kaya, A., & Aydino\u011flu, \u00dc. (2023). A correlational and cross-sectional study on the relationship between internalized stigma and religious coping in patients with schizophrenia. Medicine, 102(32), Article e34558. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000034558","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"8","key":"2783_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.43511","volume":"15","author":"A Erdo\u011fan Kaya","year":"2023","unstructured":"Erdo\u011fan Kaya, A., & Erdogan Akturk, B. (2023). The relationship between religious coping and internalized stigma among patients with bipolar disorder. Cureus, 15(8), Article e43511. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.43511","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"2783_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12991-018-0212-4","volume":"17","author":"T Ergetie","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ergetie, T., Yohanes, Z., Asrat, B., Demeke, W., Abate, A., & Tareke, M. (2018). Perceived stigma among nonprofessional caregivers of people with severe mental illness, Bahir Dar, northwest Ethiopia. Annals of General Psychiatry, 17, Article 42. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12991-018-0212-4","journal-title":"Annals of General Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"2783_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.41.4.1149","volume":"41","author":"F Faul","year":"2009","unstructured":"Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A.-G. (2009). Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behavior Research Methods, 41(4), 1149\u20131160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/BRM.41.4.1149","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"issue":"4","key":"2783_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmen.0000132","volume":"2","author":"A Favina","year":"2025","unstructured":"Favina, A., Hobe, N., Muwanguzi, M., Munaru, G., Rubega, A., Lutasingwa, D., Kirabira, J., Rukundo, G. Z., & Ashaba, S. (2025). Affiliate stigma and associated factors among informal caregivers of people with mental illness in southwestern Uganda: A multicenter cross-sectional study. PLoS Mental Health, 2(4), Article e0000132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmen.0000132","journal-title":"PLoS Mental Health"},{"key":"2783_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.023","volume":"26","author":"SM Fernando","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fernando, S. M., Deane, F. P., McLeod, H. J., & Davis, E. L. (2017). Carer burden and stigma in schizophrenia and affective disorders: Experiences from Sri Lanka. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 26, 77\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.023","journal-title":"Asian Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"2783_CR20","volume-title":"Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics","author":"A Field","year":"2024","unstructured":"Field, A. (2024). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics (6th ed.). Sage Publications.","edition":"6th ed."},{"key":"2783_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.2147\/JMDH.S57259","volume":"7","author":"E Girma","year":"2014","unstructured":"Girma, E., M\u00f6ller-Leimk\u00fchler, A. M., Dehning, S., Mueller, N., Tesfaye, M., & Froeschl, G. (2014). Self-stigma among caregivers of people with mental illness: Toward caregivers\u2019 empowerment. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 7, 37\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/JMDH.S57259","journal-title":"Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare"},{"issue":"4","key":"2783_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17542863.2017.1391856","volume":"11","author":"A Gojer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gojer, A., Gopalakrishnan, R., & Kuruvilla, A. (2018). Coping and spirituality among caregivers of patients withschizophrenia: A descriptive study from South India. International Journal of Culture and Mental Health, 11(4), Article 362372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17542863.2017.1391856","journal-title":"International Journal of Culture and Mental Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"2783_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20065209","volume":"20","author":"JO Goldberg","year":"2023","unstructured":"Goldberg, J. O., McKeag, S. A., Rose, A. L., Lumsden-Ruegg, H., & Flett, G. L. (2023). Too close for comfort: Stigma by association in family members who live with relatives with mental illness. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(6), Article 5209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph20065209","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"key":"2783_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2017.08.027","volume":"257","author":"S Grover","year":"2017","unstructured":"Grover, S., Avasthi, A., Singh, A., Dan, A., Neogi, R., Kaur, D., Lakdawala, B., Rozatkar, A. R., Nebhinani, N., Patra, S., Sivashankar, P., Subramanyam, A. A., Tripathi, A., Gania, A. M., Singh, G. P., & Behere, P. (2017). Stigma experienced by patients with severe mental disorders: A nationwide multicentric study from India. Psychiatry Research, 257, 550\u2013558. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychres.2017.08.027","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"2783_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2300","DOI":"10.1111\/hsc.13780","volume":"30","author":"Z Guan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Guan, Z., Wiley, J. A., Tang, S., & Sun, M. (2022). Internalized stigma, social support, coping and care-giving burden among Chinese family caregivers of adults diagnosed with schizophrenia: A parallel mediation analysis. Health & Social Care in the Community, 30(6), 2300\u20132310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/hsc.13780","journal-title":"Health & Social Care in the Community"},{"issue":"1","key":"2783_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-025-07004-x","volume":"25","author":"F Handebo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Handebo, F., Kassim, F. M., Tessema, S. A., & Amare, H. (2025). Affiliate stigma among primary caregivers of adult patients with severe mental illness: A facility-based cross-sectional study in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. BMC Psychiatry, 25(1), Article 607. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12888-025-07004-x","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"2783_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-023-04553-x","volume":"23","author":"MM Kaggwa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kaggwa, M. M., Najjuka, S. M., Mamun, M. A., Griffiths, M. D., Nyemara, N., & Ashaba, S. (2023). Involvement and burden of informal caregivers of patients with mental illness: The mediating role of affiliated stigma. BMC Psychiatry, 23(1), 72. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12888-023-04553-x","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"2783_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1177\/00207640211001886","volume":"68","author":"Y Kara\u00e7ar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kara\u00e7ar, Y., & Bademli, K. (2022). Relationship between perceived social support and self-stigma in caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 68(3), 670\u2013680. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00207640211001886","journal-title":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry"},{"issue":"39","key":"2783_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30937","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-024-06686-y","volume":"43","author":"V Kehyayan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kehyayan, V., Omar, H., Ghuloum, S., Marji, T., Al-Amin, H., Abed Alah, M., & Mahfoud, Z. (2024). Internalized stigma and its correlates in families of persons with mental illness in Qatar: A cross-sectional study. Current Psychology, 43(39), 30937\u201330948. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12144-024-06686-y","journal-title":"Current Psychology"},{"key":"2783_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2020.112852","volume":"250","author":"BA Kohrt","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kohrt, B. A., Turner, E. L., Rai, S., Bhardwaj, A., Sikkema, K. J., Adelekun, A., Dhakal, M., Luitel, N. P., Lund, C., Patel, V., & Jordans, M. J. D. (2020). Reducing mental illness stigma in healthcare settings: Proof of concept for a social contact intervention to address what matters most for primary care providers. Social Science & Medicine, 250, Article 112852. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2020.112852","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"2783_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1177\/00916471231212478","volume":"52","author":"MA Locke","year":"2024","unstructured":"Locke, M. A., & Kim, P. Y. (2024). Emotion, religious coping, stigma, and help-seeking attitudes among Asian Americans: Examination of moderated mediation. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 52(1), 18\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00916471231212478","journal-title":"Journal of Psychology and Theology"},{"issue":"6","key":"2783_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3148.2008.00426.x","volume":"21","author":"WWS Mak","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mak, W. W. S., & Cheung, R. Y. M. (2008). Affiliate stigma among caregivers of people with intellectual disability or mental illness. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 21(6), 532\u2013545. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1468-3148.2008.00426.x","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities"},{"issue":"1","key":"2783_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.4103\/ijsp.ijsp_123_19","volume":"36","author":"A Mehra","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mehra, A., Kumar, A., Grover, S., Chakrabarti, S., & Avasthi, A. (2020). Relationship of stigma with burden and coping among caregivers of patients with severe mental disorders. Indian Journal of Social Psychiatry, 36(1), 11\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijsp.ijsp_123_19","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Social Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"2783_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.4103\/ijph.IJPH_88_17","volume":"62","author":"S Mukherjee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mukherjee, S., & Mukhopadhyay, D. K. (2018). Stigma toward mental illness: A hospital-based cross-sectional study among caregivers in West Bengal. Indian Journal of Public Health, 62(1), 15\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijph.IJPH_88_17","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Public Health"},{"key":"2783_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/s10433-014-0312-1","volume":"11","author":"F Neto","year":"2014","unstructured":"Neto, F. (2014). Psychometric analysis of the short-form UCLA loneliness scale (ULS-6) in older adults. European Journal of Ageing, 11, 313\u2013319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10433-014-0312-1","journal-title":"European Journal of Ageing"},{"issue":"40","key":"2783_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31386","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-024-06741-8","volume":"43","author":"CN Obi-keguna","year":"2024","unstructured":"Obi-keguna, C. N., Igwe, E. J., Ugwu, J. I., & Onu, D. U. (2024). Religious coping mediates the relationship between stigma and psychological distress among people living with HIV. Current Psychology, 43(40), 31386\u201331394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12144-024-06741-8","journal-title":"Current Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2783_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.71097\/IJSAT.v16.i1.1945","volume":"16","author":"N Palani","year":"2025","unstructured":"Palani, N., Vasudevan, V. M. K., Rajendran, S. S., Marudhan, A., Dhayanithipalani, V., Muthuchamy, P., & Narayanasamy, M. (2025). The shadows of stigma and social isolation among caregivers of patients with mental illness. International Journal on Science and Technology, 16(1), 1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.71097\/IJSAT.v16.i1.1945","journal-title":"International Journal on Science and Technology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2783_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-023-04991-7","volume":"23","author":"K Prizeman","year":"2023","unstructured":"Prizeman, K., Weinstein, N., & McCabe, C. (2023). Effects of mental health stigma on loneliness, social isolation, and relationships in young people with depression symptoms. BMC Psychiatry, 23(1), Article 527. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12888-023-04991-7","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"2783_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41155-023-00255-1","volume":"36","author":"R Ram\u00edrez-Vielma","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ram\u00edrez-Vielma, R., Vaccari, P., Cova, F., Saldivia, S., Vielma-Aguilera, A., & Grand\u00f3n, P. (2023). Interventions to reduce the stigma of mental health at work: A narrative review. Psicologia: Reflex\u00e3o e Cr\u00edtica, 36(1), Article 14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41155-023-00255-1","journal-title":"Psicologia: Reflex\u00e3o e Cr\u00edtica"},{"issue":"3","key":"2783_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.39.3.472","volume":"39","author":"D Russell","year":"1980","unstructured":"Russell, D., Peplau, L. A., & Cutrona, C. E. (1980). The revised UCLA loneliness scale: Concurrent and discriminant validity evidence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39(3), 472\u2013480. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0022-3514.39.3.472","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"2783_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1471301218798082","author":"M Saffari","year":"2018","unstructured":"Saffari, M., Koenig, H. G., O\u2019Garo, K. N., & Pakpour, A. H. (2018). Mediating effect of spiritual coping strategies and family stigma stress on caregiving burden and mental health in caregivers of persons with dementia. Dementia. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1471301218798082","journal-title":"Dementia"},{"key":"2783_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.54600\/igdirsosbilder.1066242","volume":"32","author":"H Sar\u0131\u00e7am","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sar\u0131\u00e7am, H. (2023). COVID-19 sonras\u0131 yeti\u015fkinlerde yaln\u0131zl\u0131k: UCLA Yaln\u0131zl\u0131k \u00d6l\u00e7e\u011fi K\u0131sa Formunun (UY\u00d6KF-6) psikometrik \u00f6zellikleri. I\u011fd\u0131r \u00dcniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 32, 1\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54600\/igdirsosbilder.1066242","journal-title":"I\u011fd\u0131r \u00dcniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi"},{"issue":"4","key":"2783_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1111\/famp.12637","volume":"60","author":"S Sefi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sefi, S., Shoval, G., Lubbad, N., Goldzweig, G., & Hasson-Ohayon, I. (2021). Coping with information style, self-concealment, internalized stigma, and family burden among parents of children with psychiatric disorders. Family Process, 60(4), 1523\u20131538. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/famp.12637","journal-title":"Family Process"},{"issue":"3","key":"2783_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1632","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19031632","volume":"19","author":"S Shahwan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shahwan, S., Goh, C. M. J., Tan, G. T. H., Ong, W. J., Chong, S. A., & Subramaniam, M. (2022). Strategies to reduce mental illness stigma: Perspectives of people with lived experience and caregivers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(3), 1632. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph19031632","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2783_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/jpm.12505","volume":"26","author":"Y Shi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shi, Y., Shao, Y., Li, H., Wang, S., Ying, J., Zhang, M., Li, Y., Xing, Z., & Sun, J. (2019). Correlates of affiliate stigma among family caregivers of people with mental illness: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 26(1\u20132), 49\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jpm.12505","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing"},{"key":"2783_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2016.04.108","volume":"241","author":"A Singh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Singh, A., Mattoo, S. K., & Grover, S. (2016). Stigma and its correlates among caregivers of schizophrenia: A study from North India. Psychiatry Research, 241, 302\u2013308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychres.2016.04.108","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"issue":"8","key":"2783_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17082772","volume":"17","author":"JA Su","year":"2020","unstructured":"Su, J. A., & Chang, C. C. (2020). Association between family caregiver burden and affiliate stigma in the families of people with dementia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(8), Article 2772. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17082772","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"2783_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1177\/0020764013513442","volume":"60","author":"P \u015awitaj","year":"2014","unstructured":"\u015awitaj, P., Grygiel, P., Anczewska, M., & Wci\u00f3rka, J. (2014). Loneliness mediates the relationship between internalized stigma and depression among patients with psychotic disorders. The International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 60(8), 733\u2013740. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0020764013513442","journal-title":"The International Journal of Social Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"2783_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1177\/00207640221077580","volume":"69","author":"M Tabatabaee","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tabatabaee, M., Yousefi Nooraie, R., Mohammad Aghaei, A., Rostam-Abadi, Y., Ansari, M., Sharifi, S., & Sharifi, V. (2023). Loneliness in the presence of others: A mixed-method study of social networks of caregivers of patients with severe mental disorders. The International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 69(1), 190\u2013199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00207640221077580","journal-title":"The International Journal of Social Psychiatry"},{"key":"2783_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.05.019","volume":"84","author":"C Tez","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tez, C., & Ciydem, E. (2025). The relationship between self-stigmatization and care burden in caregivers of children with chronic illness. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 84, 124\u2013132.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.05.019","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing"},{"key":"2783_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1469448","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1469448","volume":"15","author":"E\u00d6 Tozo\u011flu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tozo\u011flu, E. \u00d6., & G\u00fcrb\u00fczer, N. (2024). Internalized stigma level, family self-stigma, and family burden of patients receiving community mental health center services: A comparative, longitudinal study. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 15, 1469448. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1469448","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"2783_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.3390\/rel12060440","volume":"12","author":"L Triana","year":"2021","unstructured":"Triana, L., & Sudjatmiko, I. G. (2021). The role of religious coping in caregiving stress. Religions, 12(6), 440. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/rel12060440","journal-title":"Religions"},{"issue":"7","key":"2783_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2020.1753014","volume":"25","author":"CR Victor","year":"2021","unstructured":"Victor, C. R., Rippon, I., Quinn, C., Nelis, S. M., Martyr, A., Hart, N., Lamont, R., & Clare, L. (2021). The prevalence and predictors of loneliness in caregivers of people with dementia: Findings from the IDEAL programme. Aging & Mental Health, 25(7), 1232\u20131238. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13607863.2020.1753014","journal-title":"Aging & Mental Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"2783_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.4306\/pi.2016.13.3.288","volume":"13","author":"HC Wu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wu, H. C., & Chen, F. P. (2016). Sociocultural factors associated with caregiver-psychiatrist relationship in Taiwan. Psychiatry Investigation, 13(3), 288\u2013296. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4306\/pi.2016.13.3.288","journal-title":"Psychiatry Investigation"},{"issue":"4","key":"2783_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1080\/24750573.2018.1480858","volume":"29","author":"M Y\u0131ld\u0131z","year":"2019","unstructured":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z, M., \u0130ncedere, A., Kiras, F., Abut, F. B., K\u0131rcal\u0131, A., & \u0130p\u00e7i, K. (2019). Development of self-stigma inventory for families of the patients with schizophrenia (SSI-F): Validity and reliability study. Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 29(4), 463\u2013471. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/24750573.2018.1480858","journal-title":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2783_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-020-02633-w","volume":"20","author":"Y Yu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yu, Y., Li, T. X., Li, Y. L., Qiu, D., Xi, S. J., Xiao, S. Y., & Tebes, J. K. (2020). A cross-sectional study on spouse and parent differences in caregiving experiences of people living with schizophrenia in rural China. BMC Psychiatry, 20(1), 226. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12888-020-02633-w","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"2783_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-021-02793-6","volume":"30","author":"B Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang, B., Conner, K. O., Meng, H., Tu, N., Liu, D., & Chen, Y. (2021). Social support and quality of life among rural family caregivers of persons with severe mental illness in Sichuan Province, China: Mediating roles of care burden and loneliness. Quality of Life Research, 30, 1881\u20131890. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11136-021-02793-6","journal-title":"Quality of Life Research"},{"key":"2783_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1402159","volume":"15","author":"Y Zhu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhu, Y., & Yin, M. X. C. (2024). The impact of care-recipient relationship type on mental health burden of caregivers for schizophrenia patients: Evidence from Beijing, China. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, Article 1402159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1402159","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Religion and Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10943-026-02783-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10943-026-02783-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10943-026-02783-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T12:01:05Z","timestamp":1788955265000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10943-026-02783-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"references-count":58,"alternative-id":["2783"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10943-026-02783-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-4197","1573-6571"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-4197","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-6571","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 September 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 September 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}