{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T20:06:34Z","timestamp":1788465994337,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,5]],"date-time":"2013-04-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1365120000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Youth Adolescence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-013-9946-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,4]],"date-time":"2013-04-04T08:29:03Z","timestamp":1365064143000},"page":"104-115","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["\u201cRole Magnets\u201d? An Empirical Investigation of Popularity Trajectories for Life-Course Persistent Individuals During Adolescence"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Jacob T. N.","family":"Young","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"9946_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1177\/0044118X02250094","volume":"34","author":"R Agnew","year":"2003","unstructured":"Agnew, R. (2003). An integrated theory of the adolescent peak in offending. Youth & Society, 34, 263\u2013299.","journal-title":"Youth & Society"},{"key":"9946_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579406060093","volume":"18","author":"JP Allen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Allen, J. P., Porter, M. R., & McFarland, C. F. (2006). Leaders and followers in adolescent close friendships: Susceptibility to peer influence as a predictor of risky behavior, friendship instability, and depression. Development and Psychopathology, 18, 155\u2013172.","journal-title":"Development and Psychopathology"},{"key":"9946_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrimjus.2010.09.006","volume":"38","author":"JC Barnes","year":"2010","unstructured":"Barnes, J. C., & Beaver, K. M. (2010). An empirical examination of adolescence-limited offending: A direct test of Moffitt\u2019s maturity gap thesis. Journal of Criminal Justice, 38, 1176\u20131185.","journal-title":"Journal of Criminal Justice"},{"key":"9946_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.20298","volume":"35","author":"LR Bergman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bergman, L. R., & Andershed, A. (2009). Predictors and outcomes of persistent or age-limited registered criminal behavior: A 30-year longitudinal study of a Swedish urban population. Aggressive Behavior, 35, 164\u2013178.","journal-title":"Aggressive Behavior"},{"key":"9946_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.39.2.222","volume":"39","author":"LM Broidy","year":"2003","unstructured":"Broidy, L. M., Nagin, D. S., Tremblay, R. E., Bates, J. E., Dodge, K. E., Fergusson, D., et al. (2003). Developmental trajectories of childhood disruptive behavior disorders and adolescent delinquency: A six-site, cross-national study. Developmental Psychology, 39, 222\u2013245.","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"9946_CR6","first-page":"294","volume-title":"Handbook of adolescent psychology","author":"B Brown","year":"2004","unstructured":"Brown, B. (2004). Adolescents\u2019 relationships with peers. In R. Lerner & L. Steinberg (Eds.), Handbook of adolescent psychology (pp. 294\u2013362). New York: Wiley."},{"key":"9946_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1177\/0165025406071904","volume":"30","author":"NA Card","year":"2006","unstructured":"Card, N. A., & Little, T. D. (2006). Proactive and reactive aggression in childhood and adolescence: A meta-analysis of differential relations with psychosocial adjustment. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 30, 466\u2013480.","journal-title":"International Journal of Behavioral Development"},{"key":"9946_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2004.00660.x","volume":"75","author":"AHN Cillessen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cillessen, A. H. N., & Mayeux, L. (2004). From censure to reinforcement: Developmental changes in the association between aggression and social status. Child Development, 75, 147\u2013163.","journal-title":"Child Development"},{"key":"9946_CR9","first-page":"121","volume":"18","author":"JD Coie","year":"1982","unstructured":"Coie, J. D., Dodge, K. A., & Coppotelli, H. (1982). Dimensions and types of social status: A cross age perspective. Developmental Psychology, 18, 121\u2013132.","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"9946_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrimjus.2011.05.001","volume":"39","author":"M DeLisi","year":"2011","unstructured":"DeLisi, M., & Piquero, A. R. (2011). New frontiers in criminal careers research, 2000\u20132011: A state-of-the-art review. Journal of Criminal Justice, 39(4), 289\u2013301.","journal-title":"Journal of Criminal Justice"},{"key":"9946_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-9125.2010.00183.x","volume":"48","author":"JK Dijkstra","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dijkstra, J. K., Lindenberg, S., Veenstra, R., Steglich, C., Isaacs, J., Card, N. A., et al. (2010). Influence and selection processes in weapon carrying during adolescence: The roles of status, aggression, and vulnerability. Criminology, 48, 187\u2013220.","journal-title":"Criminology"},{"key":"9946_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.39.6.992","volume":"9","author":"TW Farmer","year":"2003","unstructured":"Farmer, T. W., Estell, D. B., Bishop, J. L., O\u2019Neal, K. K., & Cairns, B. D. (2003). Rejected bullies or popular leaders? The social relations of aggressive subtypes of rural African American early adolescents. Developmental Psychology, 9, 992\u20131004.","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"9946_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-9125.2002.tb00979.x","volume":"40","author":"RB Felson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Felson, R. B., & Haynie, D. L. (2002). Pubertal development, social factors, and delinquency among adolescent boys. Criminology, 40, 967\u2013988.","journal-title":"Criminology"},{"key":"9946_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.2307\/2096080","volume":"56","author":"J Hagan","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hagan, J. (1991). Destiny and drift: Subcultural preferences, status attainments, and the risks and rewards of youth. American Sociological Review, 56, 567\u2013582.","journal-title":"American Sociological Review"},{"key":"9946_CR15","volume-title":"Mean streets: Youth crime and homelessness","author":"J Hagan","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hagan, J., & McCarthy, B. (1998). Mean streets: Youth crime and homelessness. Cambridge: University Press."},{"key":"9946_CR16","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Aggression and adaptation: The bright side to bad behavior","author":"PH Hawley","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hawley, P. H. (2007). Social dominance in childhood and adolescence: Why social competence and aggression may go hand in hand. In P. H. Hawley, T. D. Little, & P. C. Rodkin (Eds.), Aggression and adaptation: The bright side to bad behavior (pp. 1\u201330). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum."},{"key":"9946_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1353\/sof.2003.0093","volume":"82","author":"D Haynie","year":"2003","unstructured":"Haynie, D. (2003). Contexts of risk? Explaining the link between girls\u2019 pubertal development and their delinquency involvement. Social Forces, 82, 355\u2013397.","journal-title":"Social Forces"},{"key":"9946_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1177\/0022427805280069","volume":"43","author":"DL Haynie","year":"2006","unstructured":"Haynie, D. L., & Piquero, A. R. (2006). Pubertal development and physical victimization in adolescence. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 43, 3\u201335.","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency"},{"issue":"1","key":"9946_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-005-0004-3","volume":"7","author":"DB Henry","year":"2006","unstructured":"Henry, D. B., Miller-Johnson, S., Simon, T. R., & Schoeny, M. E. (2006). The multi-site violent prevention. Validity of teacher ratings in selecting influential and aggressive adolescents for a targeted preventive intervention. Prevention Science, 7(1), 31\u201341.","journal-title":"Prevention Science"},{"key":"9946_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.20.6.1120","volume":"20","author":"LR Huesmann","year":"1984","unstructured":"Huesmann, L. R., Eron, L. D., Lefkowitz, M. M., & Walder, L. O. (1984). Stability of aggression over time and generations. Developmental Psychology, 20, 1120\u20131134.","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"9946_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrimjus.2012.07.001","volume":"40","author":"W Jennings","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jennings, W., & Reingle, J. M. (2012). On the number and shape of developmental\/life-course violence, aggression, and delinquency trajectories: A state-of-the-art review. Journal of Criminal Justice, 40, 472\u2013489.","journal-title":"Journal of Criminal Justice"},{"key":"9946_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1177\/0049124106292364","volume":"35","author":"BL Jones","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jones, B. L., & Nagin, D. S. (2007). Advances in group-based trajectory modeling and a SAS procedure for estimating them. Sociological Methods and Research, 35, 542\u2013572.","journal-title":"Sociological Methods and Research"},{"key":"9946_CR23","unstructured":"Juvonen, J., Wang, Y., & Espinoza, G. (2012). Physical aggression, spreading of rumors, and social prominence in early adolescent: Reciprocal effects supporting gender similarities? Journal of Youth and Adolescence, published online Dec 30th, 1\u201310."},{"key":"9946_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-9125.2007.00097.x","volume":"45","author":"DA Kreager","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kreager, D. A. (2007). When it\u2019s good to be \u2018bad\u2019: Violence and adolescent peer acceptance. Criminology, 45, 893\u2013923.","journal-title":"Criminology"},{"key":"9946_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-9125.2010.00219.x","volume":"49","author":"DA Kreager","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kreager, D. A., Rulison, K., & Moody, J. (2011). Delinquency and the structure of adolescent peer groups. Criminology, 49, 95\u2013127.","journal-title":"Criminology"},{"key":"9946_CR300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"LaFontana, K. M., & Cillessen, A. H. N. (2002). Children\u2019s stereotypes of popular and unpopular peers: A multi-method assessment. Developmental Psychology, 38, 635\u2013647.","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.38.5.635"},{"key":"9946_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9507.00188","volume":"11","author":"AM Lease","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lease, A. M., Kennedy, C. A., & Axelrod, J. L. (2002). Children\u2019s social constructions of popularity. Social Development, 11, 87\u2013109.","journal-title":"Social Development"},{"key":"9946_CR27","volume-title":"Regression models for categorical and limited dependent variables. Advanced quantitative techniques in the social sciences number 7","author":"JS Long","year":"1997","unstructured":"Long, J. S. (1997). Regression models for categorical and limited dependent variables. Advanced quantitative techniques in the social sciences number 7. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications."},{"key":"9946_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-3737.2005.00165.x","volume":"67","author":"LM Lopoo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lopoo, L. M., & Western, B. (2005). Incarceration and the formation and stability of marital unions. Journal of Marriage and Family, 67, 721\u2013734.","journal-title":"Journal of Marriage and Family"},{"key":"9946_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-7795.2008.00550.x","volume":"18","author":"L Mayeux","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mayeux, L., Sandstrom, M., & Cillessen, A. (2008). Is being popular a risky proposition? Journal of Research on Adolescence, 18, 49\u201374.","journal-title":"Journal of Research on Adolescence"},{"key":"9946_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-77650-7_11","volume-title":"Handbook of quantitative criminology","author":"JM McGloin","year":"2010","unstructured":"McGloin, J. M., & Kirk, D. S. (2010). Social network analysis. In A. R. Piquero & D. Weisburg (Eds.), Handbook of quantitative criminology (pp. 209\u2013224). New York: Springer."},{"key":"9946_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.100.4.674","volume":"100","author":"TE Moffitt","year":"1993","unstructured":"Moffitt, T. E. (1993). Adolescence-limited and life-course persistent antisocial behavior: A developmental taxonomy. Psychological Review, 100, 674\u2013701.","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"9946_CR32","first-page":"11","volume-title":"Developmental theories of crime and delinquency","author":"TE Moffitt","year":"1997","unstructured":"Moffitt, T. E. (1997). Adolescent-limited and life-course persistent offending: A complementary pair of developmental theories. In T. Thornberry (Ed.), Developmental theories of crime and delinquency (pp. 11\u201354). New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction."},{"key":"9946_CR33","first-page":"277","volume-title":"Taking stock: The status of criminological theory","author":"TE Moffitt","year":"2008","unstructured":"Moffitt, T. E. (2008). A review of research on the taxonomy of life-course persistent versus adolescence-limited antisocial behavior. In F. T. Cullen, J. P. Wright, & K. R. Blevins (Eds.), Taking stock: The status of criminological theory (pp. 277\u2013312). New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction."},{"key":"9946_CR34","unstructured":"Moody, J. (1999). The structure of adolescent social relations: Modeling friendship in dynamic social settings. Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC."},{"key":"9946_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socnet.2010.10.001","volume":"33","author":"J Moody","year":"2011","unstructured":"Moody, J., Brynildsen, W. D., Osgood, D. W., Feinberg, M. E., & Gest, S. (2011). Popularity trajectories and substance use in early adolescence. Social Networks, 33, 101\u2013112.","journal-title":"Social Networks"},{"key":"9946_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1353\/mpq.0.0000","volume":"54","author":"MT Morrow","year":"2008","unstructured":"Morrow, M. T., Hubbard, J. A., Rubin, R. M., & McAuliffe, M. D. (2008). The relation between childhood aggression and depressive symptoms: The unique and joint mediating roles of peer rejection and peer victimization. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 54, 316\u2013340.","journal-title":"Merrill-Palmer Quarterly"},{"key":"9946_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4159\/9780674041318","volume-title":"Group-based modeling of development","author":"DS Nagin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nagin, D. S. (2005). Group-based modeling of development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press."},{"key":"9946_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-77650-7_4","volume-title":"Handbook of quantitative criminology","author":"DS Nagin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nagin, D. S. (2010). Group-based trajectory modeling: An overview. In A. R. Piquero & D. Weisburg (Eds.), Handbook of quantitative criminology (pp. 53\u201368). New York: Springer."},{"key":"9946_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1086\/374403","volume":"108","author":"D Pager","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pager, D. (2003). The mark of a criminal record. The American Journal of Sociology, 108, 937\u2013975.","journal-title":"The American Journal of Sociology"},{"key":"9946_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1177\/0272431698018002001","volume":"18","author":"JT Parkhurst","year":"1998","unstructured":"Parkhurst, J. T., & Hopmeyer, A. (1998). Sociometric popularity and peer-perceived popularity: Two distinct dimensions of peer status. Journal of Early Adolescence, 18, 125\u2013144.","journal-title":"Journal of Early Adolescence"},{"key":"9946_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1177\/0022427804266559","volume":"42","author":"AR Piquero","year":"2005","unstructured":"Piquero, A. R., Brezina, T., & Turner, M. G. (2005). Testing Moffitt\u2019s account of delinquency abstention. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 42, 27\u201354.","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency"},{"key":"9946_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-5113-6_8","volume-title":"Handbook of life-course criminology","author":"AR Piquero","year":"2013","unstructured":"Piquero, A. R., Diamond, B., Jennings, W. G., & Reingle, J. M. (2013). Adolescence-limited offending. In C. L. Gibson & M. D. Krohn (Eds.), Handbook of life-course criminology (pp. 129\u2013142). New York: Springer."},{"key":"9946_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2012.02.008","volume":"17","author":"AR Piquero","year":"2012","unstructured":"Piquero, A. R., Jennings, W. G., & Barnes, J. C. (2012). Violence in criminal careers: A review of literature from a developmental life-course perspective. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 17, 171\u2013179.","journal-title":"Aggression and Violent Behavior"},{"key":"9946_CR44","first-page":"1","volume":"1","author":"MJ Prinstein","year":"2011","unstructured":"Prinstein, M. J., Brechwald, W. A., & Cohen, G. L. (2011a). Susceptibility to peer influence: Using a performance-based measure to identify adolescent males at heightened risk for deviant peer socialization. Developmental Psychology, 1, 1\u20136.","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"9946_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsr053","volume":"36","author":"MJ Prinstein","year":"2011","unstructured":"Prinstein, M. J., Choukas-Bradley, S. C., Helms, S., Brechwald, W. A., & Rancourt, D. (2011b). High peer popularity longitudinally predicts adolescent health risk behavior, or does it? An examination of linear and quadratic associations. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 36, 980\u2013990.","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Psychology"},{"key":"9946_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsg012","volume":"28","author":"MJ Prinstein","year":"2003","unstructured":"Prinstein, M. J., Meade, C. S., & Cohen, G. L. (2003). Adolescent oral sex, peer popularity, and perceptions of best friends\u2019 sexual behavior. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 28, 243\u2013249.","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Psychology"},{"key":"9946_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.20297","volume":"35","author":"L Pulkkinen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pulkkinen, L., Lyra, A., & Kokko, K. (2009). Life success of males on nonoffender, adolescence-limited, persistent, and adult-onset antisocial pathways: Follow-up from age 8 to 48. Aggressive Behavior, 35, 117\u2013135.","journal-title":"Aggressive Behavior"},{"key":"9946_CR48","volume-title":"Multilevel and longitudinal modeling using Stata","author":"S Rabe-Hesketh","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rabe-Hesketh, S., & Skrondal, A. (2005). Multilevel and longitudinal modeling using Stata. College Station, TX: Stata Press."},{"key":"9946_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsp067","volume":"35","author":"D Rancourt","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rancourt, D., & Prinstein, M. J. (2009). Peer status and victimization as possible reinforcements of adolescent girls\u2019 and boys\u2019 weight-related behaviors and cognitions. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 35, 354\u2013367.","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"9946_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.36.1.14","volume":"36","author":"PC Rodkin","year":"2000","unstructured":"Rodkin, P. C., Farmer, T. W., Pearl, R., & Van Acker, R. (2000). Heterogeneity of popular boys: Antisocial and prosocial Configurations. Developmental Psychology, 36(1), 14\u201324.","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"9946_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.60.110707.163642","volume":"60","author":"KH Rubin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rubin, K. H., Coplan, R. J., & Bowker, J. C. (2009). Social withdrawal in childhood. Annual Review of Psychology, 60, 141\u2013171.","journal-title":"Annual Review of Psychology"},{"key":"9946_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1214\/aos\/1176344136","volume":"6","author":"D Schwartz","year":"1978","unstructured":"Schwartz, D. (1978). Estimating dimensions of a model. Annals of Statistics, 6, 461\u2013464.","journal-title":"Annals of Statistics"},{"key":"9946_CR53","volume-title":"Stata statistical software: Release 12","author":"StataCorp","year":"2011","unstructured":"StataCorp. (2011). Stata statistical software: Release 12. College Station, TX: StataCorp LP."},{"key":"9946_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.43.6.1531","volume":"43","author":"L Steinberg","year":"2007","unstructured":"Steinberg, L., & Monahan, K. C. (2007). Age differences in resistance to peer influence. Developmental Psychology, 43, 1531\u20131543.","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"9946_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511815478","volume-title":"Social network analysis: Methods and applications","author":"S Wasserman","year":"1994","unstructured":"Wasserman, S., & Faust, K. (1994). Social network analysis: Methods and applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press."},{"key":"9946_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1177\/1477370807080718","volume":"4","author":"FM Weerman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Weerman, F. M., & Bijleveld, C. J. H. (2007). Birds of different feathers: School networks of serious delinquent, minor delinquent, and non-delinquent boys and girls. European Journal of Criminology, 4, 357\u2013383.","journal-title":"European Journal of Criminology"},{"key":"9946_CR57","volume-title":"Punishment and inequality in America","author":"B Western","year":"2006","unstructured":"Western, B. (2006). Punishment and inequality in America. New York: Russell Sage Foundation."}],"container-title":["Journal of Youth and Adolescence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10964-013-9946-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10964-013-9946-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10964-013-9946-0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,2]],"date-time":"2019-06-02T10:24:00Z","timestamp":1559471040000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10964-013-9946-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,5]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}},"alternative-id":["9946"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10964-013-9946-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0047-2891","1573-6601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0047-2891","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-6601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,5]]}}}