{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T22:04:11Z","timestamp":1792188251082,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766707200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Lishui Public Welfare Technology Application Research Program","award":["2023GYX21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023GYX21"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Youth Adolescence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-025-02310-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T08:50:44Z","timestamp":1766739044000},"page":"119-134","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Longitudinal Association between Problematic Social Media Use and Sleep Problems among Adolescents: A Random Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Model and Sex Differences"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Ziwei","family":"Ren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1415-029X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hui","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gouqing","family":"Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linhui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lixiu","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ri","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kunqiang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2310_CR1","first-page":"1","volume":"10","author":"HM Adam","year":"2020","unstructured":"Adam, H. M. (2020). The excessive use of social media and its relationship to insomnia among university female students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Journal of Psychology & Psychotherapy, 10(6), 1\u201310. https:\/\/www.longdom.org\/","journal-title":"Journal of Psychology & Psychotherapy"},{"key":"2310_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.08.193","volume":"367","author":"O Ahmed","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ahmed, O., Walsh, E. I., Dawel, A., Alateeq, K., Espinoza Oyarce, D. A., & Cherbuin, N. (2024). Social media use, mental health and sleep: A systematic review with meta-analyses. Journal of Affective Disorders, 367, 701\u2013712. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2024.08.193","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"key":"2310_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2020.101414","volume":"56","author":"R Alonzo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alonzo, R., Hussain, J., Stranges, S., & Anderson, K. K. (2021). Interplay between social media use, sleep quality, and mental health in youth: A systematic review. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 56, 101414. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.smrv.2020.101414","journal-title":"Sleep Medicine Reviews"},{"issue":"4","key":"2310_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0000000000000026","volume":"8","author":"J An","year":"2014","unstructured":"An, J., Sun, Y., Wan, Y., Chen, J., Wang, X., & Tao, F. (2014). Associations between problematic internet use and adolescents\u2019 physical and psychological symptoms: Possible role of sleep quality. Journal of Addiction Medicine, 8(4), 282\u2013287. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ADM.0000000000000026","journal-title":"Journal of Addiction Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"2310_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1037\/adb0000160","volume":"30","author":"CS Andreassen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Andreassen, C. S., Billieux, J., Griffiths, M. D., Kuss, D. J., Demetrovics, Z., Mazzoni, E., & Pallesen, S. (2016). The relationship between addictive use of social media and video games and symptoms of psychiatric disorders: A large-scale cross-sectional study. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors: Journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors, 30(2), 252\u2013262. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/adb0000160","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors: Journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"10","key":"2310_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.9380","volume":"17","author":"LD Asarnow","year":"2021","unstructured":"Asarnow, L. D., Gasperetti, C. E., Gumport, N. B., & Harvey, A. G. (2021). Internet use and its impact on internalizing disorder symptoms and sleep in adolescents with an evening circadian preference. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine: JCSM: Official Publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 17(10), 2019\u20132027. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5664\/jcsm.9380","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine: JCSM: Official Publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"2310_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0169839","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0169839","volume":"12","author":"F B\u00e1nyai","year":"2017","unstructured":"B\u00e1nyai, F., Zsila, \u00c1., Kir\u00e1ly, O., Maraz, A., Elekes, Z., Griffiths, M. D., Andreassen, C. S., & Demetrovics, Z. (2017). Problematic social media use: Results from a Large-Scale nationally representative adolescent sample. PloS One, 12(1), e0169839. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0169839","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"2310_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/s1389-9457(00)00065-4","volume":"2","author":"CH Bastien","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bastien, C. H., Valli\u00e8res, A., & Morin, C. M. (2001). Validation of the insomnia severity index as an outcome measure for insomnia research. Sleep Medicine, 2(4), 297\u2013307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1389-9457(00)00065-4","journal-title":"Sleep Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"2310_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleh.2023.01.005","volume":"9","author":"M Boniel-Nissim","year":"2023","unstructured":"Boniel-Nissim, M., Tynj\u00e4l\u00e4, J., Gobi\u0146a, I., Furstova, J., van den Eijnden, R. J. J. M., Marino, C., Klan\u0161\u010dek, H. J., Klavina-Makrecka, S., Villeru\u0161a, A., Lahti, H., Vieno, A., Wong, S. L., Villberg, J., Inchley, J., & Gari\u00e9py, G. (2023). Adolescent use of social media and associations with sleep patterns across 18 European and North American countries. Sleep Health, 9(3), 314\u2013321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleh.2023.01.005","journal-title":"Sleep Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"2310_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.5282","volume":"11","author":"O Bruni","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bruni, O., Sette, S., Fontanesi, L., Baiocco, R., Laghi, F., & Baumgartner, E. (2015). Technology use and sleep quality in preadolescence and adolescence. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine: JCSM: Official Publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 11(12), 1433\u20131441. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5664\/jcsm.5282","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine: JCSM: Official Publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine"},{"issue":"8","key":"2310_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2010.02.006","volume":"11","author":"N Cain","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cain, N., & Gradisar, M. (2010). Electronic media use and sleep in school-aged children and adolescents: A review. Sleep Medicine, 11(8), 735\u2013742. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2010.02.006","journal-title":"Sleep Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"2310_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1111\/sbr.12022","volume":"11","author":"F Canan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Canan, F., Yildirim, O., Sinani, G., Ozturk, O., Ustunel, T. Y., & Ataoglu, A. (2013). Internet addiction and sleep disturbance symptoms among Turkish high school students. Sleep and Biological Rhythms, 11(3), 210\u2013213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/sbr.12022","journal-title":"Sleep and Biological Rhythms"},{"issue":"4","key":"2310_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.12388","volume":"25","author":"YL Chen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen, Y. L., & Gau, S. S. F. (2016). Sleep problems and internet addiction among children and adolescents: A longitudinal study. Journal of Sleep Research, 25(4), 458\u2013465. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jsr.12388","journal-title":"Journal of Sleep Research"},{"key":"2310_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen, I. H., Ahorsu, D. K., Pakpour, A. H., Griffiths, M. D., Lin, C. Y., & Chen, C. Y. (2020). Psychometric properties of three simplified Chinese Online-Related addictive behavior instruments among Mainland Chinese primary school students. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.00875","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.00875"},{"key":"2310_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15328007SEM0902_5","author":"GW Cheung","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cheung, G. W., & Rensvold, R. B. (2002). Evaluating Goodness-of-Fit indexes for testing measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1207\/S15328007SEM0902_5","journal-title":"Structural Equation Modeling"},{"issue":"2","key":"2310_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2010.00883.x","volume":"20","author":"LM Cheung","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cheung, L. M., & Wong, W. S. (2011). The effects of insomnia and internet addiction on depression in Hong Kong Chinese adolescents: An exploratory cross-sectional analysis. Journal of Sleep Research, 20(2), 311\u2013317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2010.00883.x","journal-title":"Journal of Sleep Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"2310_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1819.2009.01925.x","volume":"63","author":"K Choi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Choi, K., Son, H., Park, M., Han, J., Kim, K., Lee, B., & Gwak, H. (2009). Internet overuse and excessive daytime sleepiness in adolescents. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 63(4), 455\u2013462. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1440-1819.2009.01925.x","journal-title":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences"},{"key":"2310_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Demird\u00f6\u011fen, E., Akinci, M. A., Bozkurt, A., Bayraktutan, B., Turan, B., Aydo\u011fdu, S., Ucuz, \u0130., Abanoz, E., Yitik Tonkaz, G., \u00c7akir, A., & Ferahkaya, H. (2024). Social media addiction, escapism and coping strategies are associated with the problematic internet use of adolescents in T\u00fcrkiye: A multi-center study. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 15. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1355759","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1355759"},{"key":"2310_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-025-01491-5","author":"M Dorrestein","year":"2025","unstructured":"Dorrestein, M., Nutley, S. B., & Thorell, L. B. (2025). Screen Time, addictive use of social media, motives for social media use and social media content: Interrelations and associations with psychosocial problems. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11469-025-01491-5","journal-title":"International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction"},{"issue":"3","key":"2310_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1207\/S15328007SEM0803_5","volume":"8","author":"CK Enders","year":"2001","unstructured":"Enders, C. K.,and, & Bandalos, D. L. (2001). The relative performance of full information maximum likelihood Estimation for missing data in structural equation models. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 8(3), 430\u2013457. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1207\/S15328007SEM0803_5","journal-title":"Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"2310_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.12510","volume":"26","author":"L Exelmans","year":"2017","unstructured":"Exelmans, L., & Van den Bulck, J. (2017). Bedtime, shuteye time and electronic media: Sleep displacement is a two-step process. Journal of Sleep Research, 26(3), 364\u2013370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jsr.12510","journal-title":"Journal of Sleep Research"},{"key":"2310_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.07.020","volume":"100","author":"G Forest","year":"2022","unstructured":"Forest, G., Gaudreault, P., Michaud, F., & Green-Demers, I. (2022). Gender differences in the interference of sleep difficulties and daytime sleepiness on school and social activities in adolescents. Sleep Medicine, 100, 79\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.07.020","journal-title":"Sleep Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"2310_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.3390\/children8030188","volume":"8","author":"P Galan-Lopez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Galan-Lopez, P., Dom\u00ednguez, R., G\u00edslad\u00f3ttir, T., S\u00e1nchez-Oliver, A. J., Pihu, M., Ries, F., & Klonizakis, M. (2021). Sleep quality and duration in European adolescents (The adoleshealth study): A Cross-Sectional, quantitative study. Children (Basel Switzerland), 8(3), 188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/children8030188","journal-title":"Children (Basel Switzerland)"},{"issue":"1","key":"2310_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-020-02181-y","volume":"20","author":"MK Gebremariam","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gebremariam, M. K., Henjum, S., Terragni, L., & Torheim, L. E. (2020). Correlates of screen time and mediators of differences by parental education among adolescents. BMC Pediatrics, 20(1), 279. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12887-020-02181-y","journal-title":"BMC Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"2310_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2006.07.001","volume":"26","author":"LD Grandin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Grandin, L. D., Alloy, L. B., & Abramson, L. Y. (2006). The social zeitgeber theory, circadian rhythms, and mood disorders: Review and evaluation. Clinical Psychology Review, 26(6), 679\u2013694. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpr.2006.07.001","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review"},{"issue":"3","key":"2310_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.7.2018.71","volume":"7","author":"JE Grant","year":"2018","unstructured":"Grant, J. E., & Chamberlain, S. R. (2018). Sleepiness and impulsivity: Findings in non-treatment seeking young adults. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 7(3), 737\u2013742. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/2006.7.2018.71","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions"},{"issue":"8","key":"2310_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0255634","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0255634","volume":"16","author":"BS Graves","year":"2021","unstructured":"Graves, B. S., Hall, M. E., Dias-Karch, C., Haischer, M. H., & Apter, C. (2021). Gender differences in perceived stress and coping among college students. PLOS ONE, 16(8), e0255634. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0255634","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"2310_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chc.2017.11.014","volume":"27","author":"L Hale","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hale, L., Kirschen, G. W., LeBourgeois, M. K., Gradisar, M., Garrison, M. M., Montgomery-Downs, H., Kirschen, H., McHale, S. M., Chang, A. M., & Buxton, O. M. (2018). Youth screen media habits and sleep: Sleep-Friendly screen behavior recommendations for Clinicians, Educators, and parents. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 27(2), 229\u2013245. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chc.2017.11.014","journal-title":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America"},{"issue":"1","key":"2310_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleh.2014.12.010","volume":"1","author":"M Hirshkowitz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hirshkowitz, M., Whiton, K., Albert, S. M., Alessi, C., Bruni, O., DonCarlos, L., Hazen, N., Herman, J., Katz, E. S., Kheirandish-Gozal, L., Neubauer, D. N., O\u2019Donnell, A. E., Ohayon, M., Peever, J., Rawding, R., Sachdeva, R. C., Setters, B., Vitiello, M. V., Ware, J. C., & Hillard, A., P. J (2015). National sleep foundation\u2019s sleep time duration recommendations: Methodology and results summary. Sleep Health, 1(1), 40\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleh.2014.12.010","journal-title":"Sleep Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"2310_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0004262","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0004262","volume":"5","author":"S H\u00f6kby","year":"2025","unstructured":"H\u00f6kby, S., Alvarsson, J., Westerlund, J., Carli, V., & Hadlaczky, G. (2025). Adolescents\u2019 screen time displaces multiple sleep pathways and elevates depressive symptoms over twelve months. PLOS Global Public Health, 5(4), e0004262. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgph.0004262","journal-title":"PLOS Global Public Health"},{"key":"2310_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205520762412619","DOI":"10.1177\/20552076241261914","volume":"10","author":"E Jafari","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jafari, E., Huang, P. C., Zanjanchi, F., Potenza, M. N., Lin, C. Y., & Pakpour, A. H. (2024). Comparison between problematic use of social media and YouTube to insomnia among Iranian adolescents: A mediating role of psychological distress. Digital Health, 10, 20552076241261914. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/20552076241261914","journal-title":"Digital Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"2310_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/s41606-025-00127-w","volume":"9","author":"K Johri","year":"2025","unstructured":"Johri, K., Pillai, R., Kulkarni, A., & Balkrishnan, R. (2025). Effects of sleep deprivation on the mental health of adolescents: A systematic review. Sleep Science and Practice, 9(1), 9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41606-025-00127-w","journal-title":"Sleep Science and Practice"},{"key":"2310_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2013.10.059","volume":"31","author":"D Kardefelt-Winther","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kardefelt-Winther, D. (2014). A conceptual and methodological critique of internet addiction research: Towards a model of compensatory internet use. Computers in Human Behavior, 31, 351\u2013354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2013.10.059. Q1.","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"5","key":"2310_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1002\/jad.12321","volume":"96","author":"A Khan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Khan, A., Thomas, G., Karatela, S., Morawska, A., & Werner-Seidler, A. (2024). Intense and problematic social media use and sleep difficulties of adolescents in 40 countries. Journal of Adolescence, 96(5), 1116\u20131125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jad.12321","journal-title":"Journal of Adolescence"},{"issue":"9","key":"2310_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.3390\/bs14090794","volume":"14","author":"JE Kinsella","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kinsella, J. E., & Chin, B. N. (2024). Mechanisms linking social media use and sleep in emerging adults in the united States. Behavioral Sciences, 14(9), 794. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/bs14090794","journal-title":"Behavioral Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"2310_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.13109\/prkk.2019.68.2.146","volume":"68","author":"J Klar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Klar, J., Parzer, P., Koenig, J., Fischer-Waldschmidt, G., Brunner, R., Resch, F., & Kaess, M. (2019). [Relationship between (Pathological) internet use and sleep problems in a longitudinal Study]. Praxis Der Kinderpsychologie Und Kinderpsychiatrie, 68(2), 146\u2013159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13109\/prkk.2019.68.2.146","journal-title":"Praxis Der Kinderpsychologie Und Kinderpsychiatrie"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"2310_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S92","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-1758J","volume":"140","author":"MK LeBourgeois","year":"2017","unstructured":"LeBourgeois, M. K., Hale, L., Chang, A. M., Akacem, L. D., Montgomery-Downs, H. E., & Buxton, O. M. (2017). Digital media and sleep in childhood and adolescence. Pediatrics, 140(Suppl 2), S92\u2013S96. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2016-1758J","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"9","key":"2310_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"zsx113","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsx113","volume":"40","author":"JC Levenson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Levenson, J. C., Shensa, A., Sidani, J. E., Colditz, J. B., & Primack, B. A. (2017). Social media use before bed and sleep disturbance among young adults in the united states: A nationally representative study. Sleep, 40(9), zsx113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/sleep\/zsx113","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"1","key":"2310_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-021-02529-y","volume":"21","author":"C Lewien","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lewien, C., Genuneit, J., Meigen, C., Kiess, W., & Poulain, T. (2021). Sleep-related difficulties in healthy children and adolescents. BMC Pediatrics, 21(1), 82. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12887-021-02529-y","journal-title":"BMC Pediatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2310_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e22498","DOI":"10.2196\/22498","volume":"5","author":"SH Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li, S. H., Graham, B. M., & Werner-Seidler, A. (2021). Gender differences in adolescent sleep disturbance and treatment response to smartphone App\u2013Delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia: Exploratory study. JMIR Formative Research, 5(3), e22498. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/22498","journal-title":"JMIR Formative Research"},{"key":"2310_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2025.108337","volume":"166","author":"H Lu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lu, H., Ren, Z., Zheng, P., Su, Z., & Wu, Y. (2025). The longitudinal association between family functioning and problematic social media use among Chinese university students: Mediation via loneliness and a subgroup analysis by sex. Addictive Behaviors, 166, 108337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addbeh.2025.108337","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"2","key":"2310_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.2021.00025","volume":"10","author":"T Luo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Luo, T., Qin, L., Cheng, L., Wang, S., Zhu, Z., Xu, J., Chen, H., Liu, Q., Hu, M., Tong, J., Hao, W., Wei, B., & Liao, Y. (2021). Determination the cut-off point for the Bergen social media addiction (BSMAS): Diagnostic contribution of the six criteria of the components model of addiction for social media disorder. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 10(2), 281\u2013290. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/2006.2021.00025","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions"},{"issue":"5","key":"2310_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2013.4183","volume":"168","author":"CA Magee","year":"2014","unstructured":"Magee, C. A., Lee, J. K., & Vella, S. A. (2014). Bidirectional relationships between sleep duration and screen time in early childhood. JAMA Pediatrics, 168(5), 465\u2013470. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2013.4183","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4 0 1","key":"2310_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579415000668","volume":"27","author":"K Marceau","year":"2015","unstructured":"Marceau, K., Zahn-Waxler, C., Shirtcliff, E. A., Schreiber, J. E., Hastings, P., & Klimes-Dougan, B. (2015). Adolescents\u2019, Mothers\u2019, and fathers\u2019 gendered coping strategies during conflict: Youth and parent influences on conflict resolution and psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 27(4 0 1), 1025\u20131044. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0954579415000668","journal-title":"Development and Psychopathology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2310_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.7.1.64","volume":"7","author":"RP McDonald","year":"2002","unstructured":"McDonald, R. P., & Ho, M. H. R. (2002). Principles and practice in reporting structural equation analyses. Psychological Methods, 7(1), 64\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/1082-989X.7.1.64","journal-title":"Psychological Methods"},{"issue":"3","key":"2310_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1177\/1477153517748189","volume":"51","author":"R Nagare","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nagare, R., Plitnick, B., & Figueiro, M. G. (2019). Does the iPad night shift mode reduce melatonin suppression? Lighting Research & Technology (London England: 2001), 51(3), 373\u2013383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1477153517748189","journal-title":"Lighting Research & Technology (London England: 2001)"},{"issue":"4","key":"2310_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2024.06.006","volume":"75","author":"JM Nagata","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nagata, J. M., Cheng, C. M., Shim, J., Kiss, O., Ganson, K. T., Testa, A., He, J., & Baker, F. C. (2024). Bedtime screen use behaviors and sleep outcomes in early adolescents: A prospective cohort study. The Journal of Adolescent Health: Official Publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 75(4), 650\u2013655. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2024.06.006","journal-title":"The Journal of Adolescent Health: Official Publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine"},{"key":"2310_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2021.10.014","volume":"144","author":"J Nesi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nesi, J., Burke, T. A., Extein, J., Kudinova, A. Y., Fox, K. A., Hunt, J., & Wolff, J. C. (2021). Social media use, sleep, and psychopathology in psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 144, 296\u2013303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2021.10.014","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatric Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"2310_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1080\/15374416.2021.1955370","volume":"53","author":"J Nesi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nesi, J., Rothenberg, W. A., Bettis, A. H., Massing-Schaffer, M., Fox, K. A., Telzer, E. H., Lindquist, K. A., & Prinstein, M. J. (2022). Emotional responses to social media experiences among adolescents: Longitudinal associations with depressive symptoms. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology: the Official Journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology American Psychological Association Division, 53(6), 907\u2013922. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15374416.2021.1955370. 51.","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology: the Official Journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology American Psychological Association Division"},{"issue":"1","key":"2310_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/0165025415618275","volume":"41","author":"JS Nicholson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nicholson, J. S., Deboeck, P. R., & Howard, W. (2015). Attrition in developmental psychology. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 41(1), 1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0165025415618275","journal-title":"International Journal of Behavioral Development"},{"issue":"2","key":"2310_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1037\/met0000499","volume":"29","author":"U Orth","year":"2024","unstructured":"Orth, U., Meier, L. L., B\u00fchler, J. L., Dapp, L. C., Krauss, S., Messerli, D., & Robins, R. W. (2024). Effect size guidelines for cross-lagged effects. Psychological Methods, 29(2), 421\u2013433. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/met0000499","journal-title":"Psychological Methods"},{"issue":"3676","key":"2310_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.049","volume":"55","author":"KM Orzech","year":"2016","unstructured":"Orzech, K. M., Grandner, M. A., Roane, B. M., & Carskadon, M. A. (2016). Digital media use in the 2\u00a0h before bedtime is associated with sleep variables in university students. Computers in Human Behavior, 55(3676), 43\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.049","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"6","key":"2310_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.5866","volume":"12","author":"S Paruthi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Paruthi, S., Brooks, L. J., D\u2019Ambrosio, C., Hall, W. A., Kotagal, S., Lloyd, R. M., Malow, B. A., Maski, K., Nichols, C., Quan, S. F., Rosen, C. L., Troester, M. M., & Wise, M. S. (2016). Recommended amount of sleep for pediatric populations: A consensus statement of the American academy of sleep medicine. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine: JCSM: Official Publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 12(6), 785\u2013786. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5664\/jcsm.5866","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine: JCSM: Official Publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"2310_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.18502\/ijps.v16i2.5814","volume":"16","author":"A Pirdehghan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pirdehghan, A., Khezmeh, E., & Panahi, S. (2021). Social media use and sleep disturbance among adolescents: A Cross-Sectional study. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry, 16(2), 137\u2013145. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18502\/ijps.v16i2.5814","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"2310_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.09.054","volume":"205","author":"AK Przybylski","year":"2019","unstructured":"Przybylski, A. K. (2019). Digital screen time and pediatric sleep: Evidence from a preregistered cohort study. The Journal of Pediatrics, 205, 218\u2013223e1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.09.054","journal-title":"The Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"2310_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2025.108515","volume":"172","author":"Z Ren","year":"2026","unstructured":"Ren, Z., Lu, H., Zheng, P., Lu, H., Su, Z., Huang, Z., & Wu, Y. (2026). Reciprocal relationships among problematic social media use, depression, and social anxiety of Chinese university students: Disentangling between- and within-person effects. Addictive Behaviors, 172, 108515. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addbeh.2025.108515","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"2310_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sanchis-Sanchis, A., Grau, M. D., Moliner, A. R., & Morales-Murillo, C. P. (2020). Effects of age and gender in emotion regulation of children and adolescents. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.00946","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.00946"},{"issue":"2","key":"2310_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2013.11.780","volume":"15","author":"M Sarchiapone","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sarchiapone, M., Mandelli, L., Carli, V., Iosue, M., Wasserman, C., Hadlaczky, G., Hoven, C. W., Apter, A., Balazs, J., Bobes, J., Brunner, R., Corcoran, P., Cosman, D., Haring, C., Kaess, M., Keeley, H., Kereszt\u00e9ny, A., Kahn, J. P., Postuvan, V., & Wasserman, D. (2014). Hours of sleep in adolescents and its association with anxiety, emotional concerns, and suicidal ideation. Sleep Medicine, 15(2), 248\u2013254. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2013.11.780","journal-title":"Sleep Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"2310_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Article3","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18031346","volume":"18","author":"RJJM van den Eijnden","year":"2021","unstructured":"van den Eijnden, R. J. J. M., Geurts, S. M., ter Bogt, T. F. M., van der Rijst, V. G., & Koning, I. M. (2021). Social media use and adolescents\u2019 sleep: A longitudinal study on the protective role of parental rules regarding internet use before sleep. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(3), Article3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph18031346","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"2310_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2015.0107","volume":"18","author":"L Vernon","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vernon, L., Barber, B. L., & Modecki, K. L. (2015). Adolescent problematic social networking and school experiences: The mediating effects of sleep disruptions and sleep quality. Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking, 18(7), 386\u2013392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/cyber.2015.0107","journal-title":"Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking"},{"issue":"1","key":"2310_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1862","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-19400-1","volume":"24","author":"W Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang, W., Zhu, Y., Yu, H., Wu, C., Li, T., Ji, C., Jiang, Y., & Ding, D. (2024). The impact of sleep quality on emotion regulation difficulties in adolescents: A chained mediation model involving daytime dysfunction, social exclusion, and self-control. Bmc Public Health, 24(1), 1862. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-024-19400-1","journal-title":"Bmc Public Health"},{"key":"2310_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/18344909241310783","author":"W Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang, W., Shen, X., Guo, X., Liu, S., Chen, Q., Ma, S., & Jian, Y. (2025). Psychometric evaluation of the insomnia severity index in 570,295 Chinese adolescents: A bifactor item-response theory analysis. Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/18344909241310783","journal-title":"Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2310_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6703a1","volume":"67","author":"AG Wheaton","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wheaton, A. G., Jones, S. E., Cooper, A. C., & Croft, J. B. (2018). Short sleep duration among middle school and high school Students\u2014United States, 2015. MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 67(3), 85\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15585\/mmwr.mm6703a1","journal-title":"MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"},{"issue":"3","key":"2310_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e59087","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0059087","volume":"8","author":"I Wolniczak","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wolniczak, I., C\u00e1ceres-DelAguila, J. A., Palma-Ardiles, G., Arroyo, K. J., Sol\u00eds-Visscher, R., Paredes-Yauri, S., Mego-Aquije, K., & Bernabe-Ortiz, A. (2013). Association between Facebook dependence and poor sleep quality: A study in a sample of undergraduate students in Peru. PloS One, 8(3), e59087. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0059087","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"2310_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17061879","volume":"17","author":"HY Wong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wong, H. Y., Mo, H. Y., Potenza, M. N., Chan, M. N. M., Lau, W. M., Chui, T. K., Pakpour, A. H., & Lin, C. Y. (2020). Relationships between severity of internet gaming Disorder, severity of problematic social media Use, sleep quality and psychological distress. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(6), 1879. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17061879","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"2310_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16091524","volume":"16","author":"F Xu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xu, F., Adams, S. K., Cohen, S. A., Earp, J. E., & Greaney, M. L. (2019). Relationship between physical Activity, screen Time, and sleep quantity and quality in US adolescents aged 16\u201319. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(9), 1524. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph16091524","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"key":"2310_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2024.108233","volume":"156","author":"L Yu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yu, L., & Zhou, X. (2024). Social media addiction among Hong Kong adolescents before and after the pandemic: The effects of parenting behaviors. Computers in Human Behavior, 156, 108233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2024.108233","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"10","key":"2310_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2644","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-025-02259-9","volume":"54","author":"J Zhou","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhou, J., Li, T., Li, S., Yang, P., & Gong, X. (2025). Bidirectional relations between belief in a just world and internalizing and externalizing problems among Chinese secondary vocational students. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 54(10), 2644\u20132659. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10964-025-02259-9","journal-title":"Journal of Youth and Adolescence"},{"issue":"10","key":"2310_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0292429","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0292429","volume":"18","author":"X Zhu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhu, X., Zheng, T., Ding, L., Zhang, X., Li, Z., & Jiang, H. (2023). Exploring associations between social media addiction, social media fatigue, fear of missing out and sleep quality among university students: A cross-section study. PLOS ONE, 18(10), e0292429. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0292429","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"}],"container-title":["Journal of Youth and Adolescence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10964-025-02310-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10964-025-02310-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10964-025-02310-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T12:22:52Z","timestamp":1768825372000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10964-025-02310-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["2310"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10964-025-02310-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0047-2891","1573-6601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0047-2891","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-6601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 December 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the research ethics committee of the Second People\u2019sHospital of Lishui (Approval No. 20220725-15).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all participants\u2019 parents or legal guardians prior to data collection. Students were informed that participation was voluntary and that completion of the questionnaire indicated their consent to participate. Parents or legal guardians provided written consent after being informed of the study\u2019s purpose, procedures, and confidentiality measures. Participants were assured that they could withdraw at any time without academic or administrative consequences.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed Consent"}}]}}