{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T21:08:07Z","timestamp":1792098487172,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,5]],"date-time":"2024-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709596800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,5]],"date-time":"2024-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709596800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 HD077384"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 HD077384"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Matern Child Health J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-024-03919-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,5]],"date-time":"2024-03-05T13:04:06Z","timestamp":1709643846000},"page":"1228-1233","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["First and Second Stage Risk Factors Associated with Perineal Lacerations"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1907-2413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander M.","family":"Saucedo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Methodius G.","family":"Tuuli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. Thomas","family":"Gregory","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Holly E.","family":"Richter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerry L.","family":"Lowder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Candice","family":"Woolfolk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron B.","family":"Caughey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sindhu K.","family":"Srinivas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan T. N.","family":"Tita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George A.","family":"Macones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison G.","family":"Cahill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"3919_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000001523","volume":"128","author":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists\u2019 Committee on Practice Bulletins\u2014Obstetrics","year":"2016","unstructured":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists\u2019 Committee on Practice Bulletins\u2014Obstetrics. (2016). Practice bulletin No 165: prevention and management of obstetric lacerations at vaginal delivery. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 128(1), e1\u2013e15. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AOG.0000000000001523","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"issue":"13","key":"3919_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1710543","volume":"37","author":"DA Becker","year":"2020","unstructured":"Becker, D. A., Blanchard, C. T., Szychowski, J. M., Rogers, S. L., Brumfield, C. G., & Subramaniam, A. (2020). Resident operative vaginal delivery volume after educational curriculum implementation. American Journal of Perinatology, 37(13), 1296\u20131300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0040-1710543","journal-title":"American Journal of Perinatology"},{"issue":"14","key":"3919_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.13986","volume":"320","author":"AG Cahill","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cahill, A. G., Srinivas, S. K., Tita, A. T. N., Caughey, A. B., Richter, H. E., Gregory, W. T., Liu, J., Woolfolk, C., Weinstein, D. L., Mathur, A. M., Macones, G. A., & Tuuli, M. G. (2018). Effect of immediate vs delayed pushing on rates of spontaneous vaginal delivery among nulliparous women receiving neuraxial analgesia: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA, 320(14), 1444\u20131454. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2018.13986","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"3919_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-012-1893-x","volume":"24","author":"MM Corton","year":"2013","unstructured":"Corton, M. M., McIntire, D. D., Twickler, D. M., Atnip, S., Schaffer, J. I., & Leveno, K. J. (2013). Endoanal ultrasound for detection of sphincter defects following childbirth. International Urogynecology Journal, 24(4), 627\u2013635. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00192-012-1893-x","journal-title":"International Urogynecology Journal"},{"key":"3919_CR5","volume-title":"Williams obstetrics","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cunningham, F., Leveno, K. J., Bloom, S. L., Dashe, J. S., Hoffman, B. L., Casey, B. M., & Spong, C. Y. (Eds.). (2018). Williams obstetrics. McGraw-Hill Education."},{"issue":"2","key":"3919_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e318142cdf4","volume":"247","author":"TC Dudding","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dudding, T. C., Vaizey, C. J., & Kamm, M. A. (2008). Obstetric anal sphincter injury: Incidence, risk factors, and management. Annals of Surgery, 247(2), 224\u2013237. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SLA.0b013e318142cdf4","journal-title":"Annals of Surgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"3919_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2015.10.008","volume":"43","author":"JL Hallock","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hallock, J. L., & Handa, V. L. (2016). The epidemiology of pelvic floor disorders and childbirth: An update. Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America, 43(1), 1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ogc.2015.10.008","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America"},{"issue":"1","key":"3919_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD000013","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000013.pub2","volume":"1","author":"GJ Hofmeyr","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hofmeyr, G. J., & Lawrie, T. A. (2012). Amnioinfusion for potential or suspected umbilical cord compression in labour. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 1(1), CD000013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD000013.pub2","journal-title":"The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"1","key":"3919_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12560","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-91799-8","volume":"11","author":"M Huber","year":"2021","unstructured":"Huber, M., Malers, E., & Tun\u00f3n, K. (2021). Pelvic floor dysfunction one year after first childbirth in relation to perineal tear severity. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 12560. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-91799-8","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"3","key":"3919_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31820afaf2","volume":"117","author":"HJ Landy","year":"2011","unstructured":"Landy, H. J., Laughon, S. K., Bailit, J. L., Kominiarek, M. A., Gonzalez-Quintero, V. H., Ramirez, M., Haberman, S., Hibbard, J., Wilkins, I., Branch, D. W., Burkman, R. T., Gregory, K., Hoffman, M. K., Learman, L. A., Hatjis, C., VanVeldhuisen, P. C., Reddy, U. M., Troendle, J., Sun, L., \u2026 Consortium on Safe Labor. (2011). Characteristics associated with severe perineal and cervical lacerations during vaginal delivery. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 117(3), 627\u2013635. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31820afaf2","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"issue":"4","key":"3919_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1111\/birt.12258","volume":"43","author":"L Leeman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Leeman, L., Rogers, R., Borders, N., Teaf, D., & Qualls, C. (2016). The effect of perineal lacerations on pelvic floor function and anatomy at 6 months postpartum in a prospective cohort of nulliparous women. Birth, 43(4), 293\u2013302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/birt.12258","journal-title":"Birth"},{"key":"3919_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD009124","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009124.pub2","volume":"10","author":"A Lemos","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lemos, A., Amorim, M. M., Dornelas de Andrade, A., de Souza, A. I., Cabral Filho, J. E., & Correia, J. B. (2015). Pushing\/bearing down methods for the second stage of labour. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 10, CD009124. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD009124.pub2","journal-title":"The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"12","key":"3919_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2004.00282.x","volume":"111","author":"CL Roberts","year":"2004","unstructured":"Roberts, C. L., Torvaldsen, S., Cameron, C. A., & Olive, E. (2004). Delayed versus early pushing in women with epidural analgesia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 111(12), 1333\u20131340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2004.00282.x","journal-title":"BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}],"container-title":["Maternal and Child Health Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10995-024-03919-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10995-024-03919-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10995-024-03919-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,15]],"date-time":"2024-06-15T08:14:21Z","timestamp":1718439261000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10995-024-03919-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,5]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["3919"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10995-024-03919-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1092-7875","1573-6628"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1092-7875","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-6628","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 February 2024","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 March 2024","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors report no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}