{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T20:11:09Z","timestamp":1768680669754,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,23]],"date-time":"2015-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1442966400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"University Grants Committee, INDIA"},{"name":"University Grants Commission, INDIA"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Cell Biochem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-015-2523-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,23]],"date-time":"2015-09-23T13:00:52Z","timestamp":1443013252000},"page":"177-189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Glycyrrhizin ameliorates metabolic syndrome-induced liver damage in experimental rat model"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"409","author":[{"given":"Rajarshi","family":"Sil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Doel","family":"Ray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abhay Sankar","family":"Chakraborti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2523_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66378-7","volume":"365","author":"RH Eckel","year":"2005","unstructured":"Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ (2005) The metabolic syndrome. The Lancet 365:1415\u20131428","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"2523_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-008-2193-6","volume":"43","author":"S Watanabe","year":"2008","unstructured":"Watanabe S, Yaginuma R, Ikejima K, Miyazaki A (2008) Liver diseases and metabolic syndrome. J Gastroenterol 43:509\u2013518","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2523_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00283.2010","volume":"299","author":"MJ Dekker","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dekker MJ, Su Q, Baker C, Rutledge AC, Adeli K (2010) Fructose: a highly lipogenic nutrient implicated in insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and the metabolic syndrome. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 299:685\u2013694","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2523_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-009-0184-4","volume":"332","author":"LT Tran","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tran LT, Yuen VG, McNeil JH (2009) The fructose-fed rat: a review on the mechanisms of fructose-induced insulin resistance and hypertension. Mol Cell Biochem 332:145\u2013159","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"key":"2523_CR5","first-page":"343","volume-title":"Contempory endocrinology: the metabolic syndrome: epidemiology, clinical treatment and underlying mechanisms","author":"J Radziuk","year":"2007","unstructured":"Radziuk J, Pye S (2007) The liver, glucose homeostasis, and insulin action in type 2 diabetes mellitus. In: Hansen BC, Bray GA (eds) Contempory endocrinology: the metabolic syndrome: epidemiology, clinical treatment and underlying mechanisms. Humana Press, New York, pp 343\u2013371"},{"key":"2523_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2004.45.4.703","volume":"45","author":"A Seven","year":"2004","unstructured":"Seven A, Guzel S, Seymen O, Civelek S, Bolayirh M, Uncu M, Burcak G (2004) Effect of vitamin E supplementation on oxidative stress in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats: investigation of liver and plasma. Yonsei Med J 45:703\u2013710","journal-title":"Yonsei Med J"},{"key":"2523_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2003-1167","volume":"145","author":"GL Kelley","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kelley GL, Allan G, Azhar S (2004) High dietary fructose induces a hepatic stress response resulting in cholesterol and lipid dysregulation. Endocrinology 145:548\u2013555","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2523_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.4103\/2225-4110.110411","volume":"3","author":"J Xiao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Xiao J, Fai So K, Liong EC, Tipoe GL (2013) Recent advances in the\u00a0herbal\u00a0treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Tradit Complement Med 3:88\u201394","journal-title":"J Tradit Complement Med"},{"key":"2523_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1097\/MCO.0000000000000115","volume":"17","author":"MJ Howes","year":"2014","unstructured":"Howes MJ, Simmonds MS (2014) The role of\u00a0phytochemicals as micronutrients in\u00a0health\u00a0and disease. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 17:558\u2013566","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care"},{"key":"2523_CR10","first-page":"1929","volume":"80","author":"H Kato","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kato H, Kanaoka M, Yano S, Kobayashi M (1995) 3-Monoglucuronyl-glycyrrhetinic acid is a major metabolite that causes licorice-induced pseudoaldosteronism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 80:1929\u20131933","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2523_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V131191","volume":"13","author":"A Serra","year":"2002","unstructured":"Serra A, Uehlinger DE, Ferrari P, Disk B, Frey BM, Frey FJ, Voqt B (2002) Glycyrrhetinic acid decreases plasma potassium concentrations in patients with anuria. J Am Soc Nephrol 13:191\u2013196","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2523_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2011.08.081","volume":"131","author":"NK Glavac","year":"2012","unstructured":"Glavac NK, Kreft S (2012) Excretion profile of glycyrrhizin metabolite in human urine. Food Chem 131:305\u2013308","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"2523_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.5072","volume":"28","author":"J Yu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yu J, Jiang YS, Jiang Y, Peng YF, Sun Z, Dai XN, Cao QT, Sun YM, Han JC, Gao YJ (2014) Targeted metabolomic study indicating glycyrrhizin\u2019s protection against acetaminophen-induced liver damage through reversing fatty acid metabolism. Phytother Res 28:933\u2013936","journal-title":"Phytother Res"},{"key":"2523_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4856","DOI":"10.3390\/nu6114856","volume":"6","author":"HA Fernando","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fernando HA, Chandramouli C, Rosli D, Lam YL, Yong ST, Yaw HP, Ton SH, Kadir KA, Sainsbury A (2014) Glycyrrhizic acid can attenuate metabolic deviations caused by a High-sucrose diet without causing water retention in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Nutrients 6:4856\u20134871","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2523_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R44","DOI":"10.1186\/cc12558","volume":"17","author":"W Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang W, Zhao F, Fang Y, Li X, Shen L, Cao T, Zhu H (2013) Glycyrrhizin protects against porcine endotoxemia through modulation of systemic inflammatory response. Crit Care 17:R44. doi: 10.1186\/cc12558","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"2523_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.12.037","volume":"677","author":"YY Chia","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chia YY, Liong SY, Ton SH, Kadir KB (2012) Amelioration of glucose homeostasis by glycyrrhizic acid through gluconeogenesis rate-limiting enzymes. Eur J Pharmacol 677:197\u2013202","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2523_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2009.04.013","volume":"181","author":"W Xu-ying","year":"2009","unstructured":"Xu-ying W, Ming L, Xiao-dong L, Ping H (2009) Hepatoprotective and anti-hepatocarcinogenic effects of glycyrrhizin and matrine. Chem Biol Int 181:15\u201319","journal-title":"Chem Biol Int"},{"key":"2523_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1254\/jjp.58.209","volume":"58","author":"T Nagai","year":"1992","unstructured":"Nagai T, Egashira T, Kudo Y, Yamanaka Y, Shimada T (1992) Attenuation of dysfunction in the ischemia-reperfused liver by glycyrrhizin. Jpn J Pharmacol 58:209\u2013218","journal-title":"Jpn J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2523_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02776671","volume":"20","author":"Y Mizoguchi","year":"1985","unstructured":"Mizoguchi Y, Katoh H, Tsutsui H, Yamamoto S, Morisawa S (1985) Protection of liver cells from experimentally induced liver cell injury by glycyrrhizin. Gastroenterol Jpn 20:99\u2013103","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Jpn"},{"key":"2523_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.2010.01217.x","volume":"63","author":"S Sen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sen S, Roy M, Chakraborti AS (2011) Ameliorative effect of glycyrrhizin on streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 63:287\u2013296","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharmacol"},{"key":"2523_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.12.057","volume":"606","author":"P Kalaiarasi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kalaiarasi P, Pugalendi KV (2009) Antihyperglycemic effect of 18\u03b2-glycyrrhetinic acid, aglycone of glycyrrhizin, on streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Eur J Pharmacol 606:269\u2013273","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2523_CR22","author":"CH Eu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Eu CH, Lim WY, Ton SH, Kadir KA (2010) Glycyrrhizic acid improved lipoprotein lipase expression, insulin sensitivity, serum lipid and lipid deposition in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. Lipids Health Dis. doi: 10.1186\/1476-511X-9-81","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"key":"2523_CR23","first-page":"125","volume":"1","author":"C Chandramouli","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chandramouli C, Ting YS, Lyn LY, Ha TS, Kadir KA (2011) Glycyrrhizic acid improves lipid and glucose metabolism in high-sucrose-fed rats. J Endocrinol Metab 1:125\u2013141","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2523_CR24","first-page":"129","volume":"51","author":"R Sil","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sil R, Ray D, Chakraborti AS (2013) Glycyrrhizin ameliorates insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in fructose-induced metabolic syndrome-X in rat model. Indian J Exp Biol 51:129\u2013138","journal-title":"Indian J Exp Biol"},{"key":"2523_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/28.1.56","volume":"28","author":"S Reitman","year":"1957","unstructured":"Reitman S, Frankel S (1957) A colorimetric method for the determination of serum glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminases. Am J Clin Pathol 28:56\u201363","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"2523_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1977.tb10699.x","volume":"29","author":"D Thambidorai","year":"1977","unstructured":"Thambidorai D, Bachawat BK (1977) Purification and properties of brain alkaline phosphatase. J Neurochem 29:503\u2013512","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"2523_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/8.4.343","volume":"8","author":"E Amador","year":"1962","unstructured":"Amador E, Wacker W (1962) Serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase activity. A new modification and an analytical assessment of current assay techniques. Clin Chem 8:343\u2013350","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"2523_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(59)90090-6","volume":"82","author":"GL Ellman","year":"1959","unstructured":"Ellman GL (1959) Tissue sulphydryl groups. Arch Biochem Biophys 82:70\u201377","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"2523_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6","volume":"193","author":"OH Lowry","year":"1951","unstructured":"Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randal RJ (1951) Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagents. J Biol Chem 193:265\u2013275","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2523_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/S0271-5317(01)00391-8","volume":"22","author":"AT Nandhini","year":"2002","unstructured":"Nandhini AT, Balakrishnan SD, Anuradha CV (2002) Taurine improves lipid profile in rats fed a high fructose-diet. Nutr Res 22:343\u2013354","journal-title":"Nutr Res"},{"key":"2523_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(78)52032-6","volume":"52","author":"JA Buege","year":"1978","unstructured":"Buege JA, Aust SD (1978) Microsomal lipid peroxidation. Methods Enzymol 52:302\u2013310","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol"},{"key":"2523_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(90)86141-H","volume":"186","author":"RC Levine","year":"1990","unstructured":"Levine RC, Garland D, Oliver CN, Amiei A, Climent I, Lanz A, Ahn B, Shalleil SO, Stadtman ER (1990) Determination of carbonyl content in oxidatively modified proteins. Methods Enzymol 186:464\u2013478","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol"},{"key":"2523_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.42.2.345","volume":"42","author":"H Nakayama","year":"1993","unstructured":"Nakayama H, Mitsuhashi T, Kuwajima S, Aoki S, Kuroda Y, Itoh T, Nakagawa S (1993) Immunochemical detection of advanced glycation end products in lens crystallins from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. Diabetes 42:345\u2013350","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"2523_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(85)13062-4","volume":"113","author":"I Carlberg","year":"1985","unstructured":"Carlberg I, Mannervik B (1985) Glutathione reductase. Methods Enzymol 113:484\u2013490","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol"},{"key":"2523_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1126\/science.179.4073.588","volume":"179","author":"JJ Rotruck","year":"1973","unstructured":"Rotruck JJ, Pope AL, Gantter HE, Swanson AB (1973) Selenium: biochemical role as a component of glutathione peroxidase. Science 179:588\u2013590","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2523_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7130","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)42083-8","volume":"249","author":"WH Habig","year":"1974","unstructured":"Habig WH, Pabst MJ, Jakoby WB (1974) Glutathione-S-transferase. The first enzymatic step in mercapturic acid formation. J Biol Chem 249:7130\u20137139","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2523_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114509991978","volume":"103","author":"HY Kim","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kim HY, Okubo T, Juneja LR, Yokozawa T (2010) The protective role of amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) against fructose-induced metabolic syndrome in a rat model. Br J Nutr 103:502\u2013512","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"2523_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1999.0731127.x","volume":"73","author":"SB Berman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Berman SB, Hastings TG (1999) Dopamine oxidation alters mitochondrial respiration and induces permeability transition in brain mitochondria: implications for Parkinson\u2019s disease. J Neurochem 73:1127\u20131137","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"2523_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4890","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.10.4890","volume":"94","author":"G Cohen","year":"1997","unstructured":"Cohen G, Farooqui R, Kesler N (1997) Parkinson disease: a new link between monoamine oxidase and mitochondrial electron flow. Proc Natl Acad Sci 94:4890\u20134894","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"2523_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2004.09.001","volume":"46","author":"J Luo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Luo J, Shi R (2005) Acrolein induces oxidative stress in brain mitochondria. Neurochem Int 46:243\u2013252","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"key":"2523_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3199","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.139.10.3199","volume":"139","author":"KS Sellins","year":"1987","unstructured":"Sellins KS, Cohen JJ (1987) Gene induction by gamma-irradiation leads to DNA fragmentation in lymphocytes. J Immunol 139:3199\u20133206","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2523_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2010.05.014","volume":"24","author":"MK Sarkar","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sarkar MK, Sil PC (2010) Prevention of tertiary butyl hydroperoxide induced oxidative impairment and cell death by a novel antioxidant protein molecule isolated from the herb, Phyllanthus niruri. Toxicol Vitro 24:1711\u20131719","journal-title":"Toxicol Vitro"},{"key":"2523_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1993.2438","volume":"197","author":"A Cossarizza","year":"1993","unstructured":"Cossarizza A, Baccarani-Contri M, Kalashnikova G, Franceschi C (1993) A new method for the cytofluorimetric analysis of mitochondrial membrane potential using the J-aggregate forming lipophilic cation 5,5\u2032,6,6\u2032-tetrachloro-1,1\u2032,3,3\u2032 tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide (JC-1). Biochem. Biophys Res Commun 197:40\u201345","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"2523_CR44","volume-title":"A manual for histologic technicians","author":"A Preece","year":"1972","unstructured":"Preece A (1972) A manual for histologic technicians. Little, Brown and Co, Boston"},{"key":"2523_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2006.06.002","volume":"46","author":"RA Isbrucker","year":"2006","unstructured":"Isbrucker RA, Burdock GA (2006) Risk and safety assessment on the consumption of Licorice root (Glycyrrhiza sp.), its extract and powder as a food ingredient, with emphasis on the pharmacology and toxicology of glycyrrhizin. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 46:167\u2013192","journal-title":"Regul Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"key":"2523_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.18.337","volume":"18","author":"Y Yamamura","year":"1995","unstructured":"Yamamura Y, Santa T, Kotaki H, Uchino K, Sawada Y, Iga T (1995) Administration-route dependency of absorption of glycyrrhizin in rats: intraperitoneal administration dramatically enhanced bioavailability. Biol Pharm Bull 18:337\u2013341","journal-title":"Biol Pharm Bull"},{"key":"2523_CR47","first-page":"128","volume":"73","author":"D Zhai","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zhai D, Zhao Y, Chen X, Guo J, He H, Yu Q, Yang J, Davey AK, Wang J (2007) Protective\u00a0effect\u00a0of\u00a0glycyrrhizin, glycyrrhetic\u00a0acid\u00a0and matrine on acute cholestasis induced by alpha-naphthyl isothiocyanate in rats. Planta Med 73:128\u2013133","journal-title":"Planta Med"},{"key":"2523_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s12079-013-0210-x","volume":"8","author":"B Yogalakshmi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yogalakshmi B, Bhuvaneswari S, Sreeja S, Anuradha CV (2014) Grape seed proanthocyanidins and metformin act by different mechanisms to promote insulin signaling in rats fed high calorie diet. J Cell Commun Signal 8:13\u201322","journal-title":"J Cell Commun Signal"},{"key":"2523_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2011.06.003","volume":"193","author":"AS Sivakumar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sivakumar AS, Anuradha CV (2011) Effect of galangin supplimentation on oxidative damage and inflammatory changes in fructose-fed rat liver. Chem Biol Interact 193:141\u2013148","journal-title":"Chem Biol Interact"},{"key":"2523_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-007-0559-3","volume":"35","author":"P Rajasekar","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rajasekar P, Viswanathan P, Anuradha CV (2008) Beneficial impact of L-carnitine in liver: a study in a rat model of syndrome X. Amino Acids 35:475\u2013483","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"2523_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2009.05.004","volume":"47","author":"AJ Kowaltowski","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kowaltowski AJ, De Souza-Pinto NC, Castilho RF, Vercesi AE (2009) Mitochondria and reactive oxygen species. Free Radic Biol Med 47:333\u2013343","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"2523_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(00)00221-5","volume":"28","author":"R Gopalakrishna","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gopalakrishna R, Jaken S (2000) Protein kinase C signaling and oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 28:1349\u20131361","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"2523_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1939","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.49.11.1939","volume":"49","author":"T Inoguchi","year":"2000","unstructured":"Inoguchi T, Li P, Umeda F, Yu HY, Kakimoto M, Aoki T, Etoh T, Hashimoto T, Naruse M, Sano H, Utsumi H, Nawata H (2000) High glucose level and free fatty acid stimulate reactive oxygen species production through protein kinase C-dependent activation of NAD(P)H oxidase in cultured vascular cells. Diabetes 49:1939\u20131945","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"2523_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.40.4.405","volume":"40","author":"JW Baynes","year":"1991","unstructured":"Baynes JW (1991) Role of oxidative stress in development of complications in diabetes. Diabetes 40:405\u2013412","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"2523_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2905","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.6.11.1644256","volume":"6","author":"NB Ruderman","year":"1992","unstructured":"Ruderman NB, Williamson JR, Brownlee M (1992) Glucose and diabetic vascular disease. FASEB J 6:2905\u20132914","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"2523_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(03)00504-5","volume":"66","author":"A Pompella","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pompella A, Visvikis A, Paolicchi A, De Tata V, Casini AF (2003) The changing faces of glutathione, a cellular protagonist. Biochem Pharmacol 66:1499\u20131503","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"2523_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI11891","volume":"107","author":"AS Baldwin","year":"2001","unstructured":"Baldwin AS (2001) The transcription factor NF-kB and human disease. J Clin Invest 107:3\u20136","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2523_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250051439","volume":"42","author":"DR Tomlinson","year":"1999","unstructured":"Tomlinson DR (1999) Mitogen-activated protein kinases as glucose transducers for diabetic complications. Diabetologia 42:1271\u20131281","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"2523_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.2310\/6650.2002.32504","volume":"50","author":"D Verzola","year":"2002","unstructured":"Verzola D, Bertolotto MB, Villaggio B, Ottonello L, Dallegri F, Frumento G, Berruti V, Gandolfo MT, Garibotto G, Deferran G (2002) Taurine prevents apoptosis induced by high glucose in human tubule renal cells. J Invest Med 50:443\u2013451","journal-title":"J Invest Med"},{"key":"2523_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3671","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.9.3671","volume":"88","author":"ST Smiley","year":"1991","unstructured":"Smiley ST, Reers M, Mottola-Hartshorn C, Lin M, Chen A, Smith TW, Steele GD, Chen LB (1991) Intracellular heterogeneity in mitochondrial membrane potentials revealed by a J-aggregate forming lipophilic cation JC-1. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:3671\u20133675","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2523_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11640","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.21.11640","volume":"93","author":"BZ Packard","year":"1996","unstructured":"Packard BZ, Toptygin DD, Komoriya A, Brand L (1996) Profluorescent protease substrates: intramolecular dimmers described by the exciton model. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:11640\u201311645","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2523_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(95)00072-I","volume":"184","author":"I Vermes","year":"1995","unstructured":"Vermes I, Haanen C, Steffens-Nakken H, Reutelingsperger C (1995) A novel assay for apoptosis-flow cytometric detection of phosphatidylserine expression on early apoptotic cells using fluorescein labelled annexin V. J Immunol Methods 184:39\u201351","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"key":"2523_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1136\/jclinpath-2011-200336","volume":"65","author":"S Mukhopadhyay","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mukhopadhyay S, Farver CF, Vaszar LT, Dempsey OJ, Popper HH, Mani H, Capelozzi VL, Fukuoka J, Kerr KM, Zeren EH, Iyer VK, Tanaka T, Narde I, Nomikos A, Gumurdulu D, Arava S, Zander DS, Tazelaar HD (2012) Causes of pulmonary granulomas: a retrospective study of 500 cases from seven countries. J Clin Pathol 65:51\u201357","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"2523_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2795","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.52.11.2795","volume":"52","author":"L Quagliaro","year":"2003","unstructured":"Quagliaro L, Piconi L, Assaloni R, Martinelli L, Motz E, Ceriello A (2003) Intermittent high glucose enhances apoptosis related to oxidative stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells: the role of protein kinase C and NAD(P)H-oxidase activation. Diabetes 52:2795\u20132804","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"2523_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16R","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/cwi053","volume":"15","author":"R Ramasamy","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ramasamy R, Vannucci SJ, Yan SSD, Herold K, Yan SF, Schmidt M (2005) Advanced glycation end products and RAGE: a common thread in aging, diabetes, neurodegeneration, and inflammation. Glycobiology 15:16R\u201328R","journal-title":"Glycobiology"},{"key":"2523_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.10.018","volume":"179","author":"S Delbosc","year":"2005","unstructured":"Delbosc S, Paizanis E, Magous R, Araiz C, Dimo T, Cristol JP, Cros G, Azay J (2005) Involvement of oxidative stress and NADPH oxidase activation in the development of cardiovascular complications in a model of insulin resistance, the fructose-fed rat. Atherosclerosis 179:43\u201349","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"2523_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2009.02.026","volume":"84","author":"CK Roberts","year":"2009","unstructured":"Roberts CK, Sindhu KK (2009) Oxidative stress and metabolic syndrome. Life Sci 84:705\u2013712","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"2523_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1038\/nri910","volume":"2","author":"Q Li","year":"2002","unstructured":"Li Q, Verma IM (2002) NF-kB regulation in the immune system. Nat Rev Immunol 2:725\u2013734","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"2523_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313l","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/cdg139","volume":"22","author":"L Vermeulen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Vermeulen L, De Wilde G, Van Damme P, Vanden Berghe W, Haegernan G (2003) Transcriptional activation of the NF-kappa B p65 subunit by mitogen- and stress activated protein kinase-1 (MSK1). EMBO J 22:1313l\u20131324l","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"2523_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867024606650","volume":"9","author":"A Bertolini","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bertolini A, Ottani A, Sandrini M (2002) Selective COX-2 inhibitors and dual acting anti-inflammatory drugs: critical remarks. Curr Med Chem 9:1033\u20131043","journal-title":"Curr Med Chem"},{"key":"2523_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4006","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V84.12.4008.bloodjournal84124008","volume":"84","author":"G Trinchieri","year":"1994","unstructured":"Trinchieri G (1994) Interleukin-12: a cytokine produced by antigen-presenting cells with immunoregulatory functions in the generation of T-Helper cells type 1 and cytotoxic lymphocytes. Blood 84:4006\u20134027","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2523_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v18.i7.679","volume":"18","author":"GY Gwak","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gwak GY, Moon TG, Lee DH, Yoo BC (2012) Glycyrrhizin attenuates HMGB1-induced hepatocyte apoptosis by inhibiting the p38-dependent mitochondrial pathway. World J Gastroenterol 18:679\u2013684","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2523_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2007.03.007","volume":"14","author":"L Mollica","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mollica L, Marchis FD, Spitaleri A, Dallacosta C, Pennacchini D, Zamai M, Agresti A, Trisciuoglio L, Musco G, Bianchi ME (2007) Glycyrrhizin binds to high-mobility group box 1 protein and inhibits its cytokine activities. Chem Biol 14:431\u2013441","journal-title":"Chem Biol"},{"key":"2523_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0306173","volume":"81","author":"G Sitia","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sitia G, Iannacone M, M\u00fcller S, Bianchi ME, Guidotti LG (2007) Treatment with HMGB1 inhibitors diminishes CTL-induced liver disease in HBV transgenic mice. J Leukoc Biol 81:100\u2013107","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"2523_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2007.101","volume":"17","author":"JA Keeble","year":"2007","unstructured":"Keeble JA, Gilmore AP (2007) Apoptosis commitment-translating survival signals into decisions on mitochondria. Cell Res 17:976\u2013984","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"key":"2523_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1080\/01926230701320337","volume":"35","author":"S Elmore","year":"2007","unstructured":"Elmore S (2007) Apoptosis: a review of programmed cell death. Toxicol Pathol 35:495\u2013516","journal-title":"Toxicol Pathol"},{"key":"2523_CR77","first-page":"247","volume":"8","author":"KG Ishak","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ishak KG (1995) Granulomas in the liver. Adv Pathol Lab Med 8:247\u2013361","journal-title":"Adv Pathol Lab Med"}],"container-title":["Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11010-015-2523-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11010-015-2523-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11010-015-2523-y","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,14]],"date-time":"2023-08-14T12:44:31Z","timestamp":1692017071000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11010-015-2523-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,23]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]}},"alternative-id":["2523"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11010-015-2523-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-8177","1573-4919"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-8177","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-4919","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,23]]}}}