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Despite extensive research and promising preclinical results, clinical trials targeting myostatin inhibition in muscle dystrophies have failed to yield substantial improvements in muscle function or fitness in patients. This review details the mechanisms behind myostatin\u2019s function and the various inhibitors that have been tested preclinically and clinically. It also examines the challenges encountered in clinical translation, including issues with drug specificity, differences in serum myostatin concentrations between animal models and humans, and the necessity of neural input for functional improvements. Additionally, we explore promising avenues of research beyond muscle dystrophies, particularly in the treatment of metabolic syndromes and orthopedic disorders. Insights from these alternative applications suggest that myostatin inhibition may hold the potential for addressing a broader range of pathologies, providing new directions for therapeutic development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-024-05120-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,28]],"date-time":"2024-09-28T01:01:50Z","timestamp":1727485310000},"page":"1535-1553","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Therapeutic applications and challenges in myostatin inhibition for enhanced skeletal muscle mass and functions"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"480","author":[{"given":"Brock","family":"Wetzlich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benard B.","family":"Nyakundi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinzeng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"5120_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0997-71","volume":"17","author":"L Grobet","year":"1997","unstructured":"Grobet L et al (1997) A deletion in the bovine myostatin gene causes the double\u2013muscled phenotype in cattle. 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