{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:18:41Z","timestamp":1792783121277,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790553600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82104976"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82104976"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82575193"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82575193"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82074516"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82074516"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Xinglin Scholars Scientific Research Promotion Program of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","award":["QJRC2022041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QJRC2022041"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00pcrz470","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012542","name":"Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Support Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2026NSFSC0643"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2026NSFSC0643"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Yunnan province innovation team of prevention and treatment for brain diseases with acupuncture and Tuina","award":["202405AS350007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202405AS350007"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Cell Biochem"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-026-05744-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T09:48:41Z","timestamp":1790588921000},"page":"5667-5677","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Serum exosomal miRNA signature in hypertension: an exploratory study integrating with comparative analysis of the GEO database"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"481","author":[{"given":"Dongling","family":"Zhong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaobo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Congjie","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rongjiang","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"5744_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kario K, Okura A, Hoshide S, Mogi M (2024) The WHO Global report 2023 on hypertension warning the emerging hypertension burden in globe and its treatment strategy. Hypertens Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41440-024-01622-w","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-024-01622-w"},{"key":"5744_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lim SS, Vos T, Flaxman AD et al (2012) A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990\u20132010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 380(9859):2224\u20132260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(12)61766-8","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(12)61766-8"},{"key":"5744_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Worldwide trends in (2021) hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants. Lancet 398(10304):957\u2013980. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(21)01330-1","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(21)01330-1"},{"key":"5744_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang Z, Chen Z, Zhang L et al (2018) Status of hypertension in China: results from the China hypertension survey, 2012\u20132015. Circulation 137(22):2344\u20132356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circulationaha.117.032380","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.117.032380"},{"key":"5744_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Birger M, Kaldjian AS, Roth GA, Moran AE, Dieleman JL, Bellows BK (2021) Spending on cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular risk factors in the United States: 1996 to 2016. Circulation 144(4):271\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circulationaha.120.053216","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.120.053216"},{"key":"5744_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Arif M, Sadayappan S, Becker RC, Martin LJ, Urbina EM (2019) Epigenetic modification: a regulatory mechanism in essential hypertension. Hypertens Res 42(8):1099\u20131113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41440-019-0248-0","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-019-0248-0"},{"key":"5744_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mathivanan S, Fahner CJ, Reid GE, Simpson RJ (2012) ExoCarta 2012: database of exosomal proteins, RNA and lipids. Nucleic Acids Res 40(Database issue):D1241\u2013D1244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkr828","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkr828"},{"key":"5744_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Valadi H, Ekstr\u00f6m K, Bossios A, Sj\u00f6strand M, Lee JJ, L\u00f6tvall JO (2007) Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells. Nat Cell Biol 9(6):654\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ncb1596","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1596"},{"key":"5744_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Liu Y, Liu H, Tang WH (2019) Exosomes: biogenesis, biologic function and clinical potential. Cell Biosci 9:19. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13578-019-0282-2","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-019-0282-2"},{"key":"5744_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shao H, Im H, Castro CM, Breakefield X, Weissleder R, Lee H (2018) New technologies for analysis of extracellular vesicles. Chem Rev 118(4):1917\u20131950. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.chemrev.7b00534","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.7b00534"},{"key":"5744_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Huda MN, Nafiujjaman M, Deaguero IG et al (2021) Potential use of exosomes as diagnostic biomarkers and in targeted drug delivery: progress in clinical and preclinical applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 7(6):2106\u20132149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.1c00217","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.1c00217"},{"key":"5744_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Polini B, Ghelardoni S, Capone G et al (2026) Circulating microRNAs in pulmonary arterial hypertension: biomarkers for diagnosis, prognostic stratification, and treatment. Geroscience 48(2):2243\u20132266. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11357-026-02095-0","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-026-02095-0"},{"key":"5744_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jayaseelan VP, Arumugam P (2020) Exosomal microRNAs as a promising theragnostic tool for essential hypertension. Hypertens Res 43(1):74\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41440-019-0343-2","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-019-0343-2"},{"key":"5744_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Perez-Hernandez J, Olivares D, Forner MJ et al (2018) Urinary exosome miR-146a is a potential marker of albuminuria in essential hypertension. J Transl Med 16(1):228. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12967-018-1604-6","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-018-1604-6"},{"key":"5744_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tan PPS, Hall D, Chilian WM et al (2021) Exosomal microRNAs in the development of essential hypertension and its potential as biomarkers. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 320(4):H1486\u2013h97. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpheart.00888.2020","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00888.2020"},{"key":"5744_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ren XS, Tong Y, Qiu Y et al (2020) MiR155-5p in adventitial fibroblasts-derived extracellular vesicles inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation via suppressing angiotensin-converting enzyme expression. J Extracell Vesicles 9(1):1698795. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/20013078.2019.1698795","DOI":"10.1080\/20013078.2019.1698795"},{"key":"5744_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Garcia NA, Ontoria-Oviedo I, Gonz\u00e1lez-King H, Diez-Juan A, Sep\u00falveda P (2015) Glucose starvation in cardiomyocytes enhances exosome secretion and promotes angiogenesis in endothelial cells. PLoS One 10(9):e0138849. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0138849","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0138849"},{"key":"5744_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liang X, Zhang L, Wang S, Han Q, Zhao RC (2016) Exosomes secreted by mesenchymal stem cells promote endothelial cell angiogenesis by transferring miR-125a. J Cell Sci 129(11):2182\u20132189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/jcs.170373","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.170373"},{"key":"5744_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu S, Yi F, Cheng W, Qu X, Wang C (2017) Molecular mechanisms in vascular injury induced by hypertension: expression and role of microRNA-34a. Exp Ther Med 14(6):5497\u20135502. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/etm.2017.5216","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2017.5216"},{"key":"5744_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu X, Yuan W, Yang L, Li J, Cai J (2019) miRNA profiling of exosomes from spontaneous hypertensive rats using next-generation sequencing. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 12(1):75\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12265-017-9784-7","DOI":"10.1007\/s12265-017-9784-7"},{"key":"5744_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tan PPS, Chilian WM, Chia YC et al (2025) Identification of an exosomal miRNA signature in newly diagnosed essential hypertensive adults. Br J Biomed Sci 82:14780. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/bjbs.2025.14780","DOI":"10.3389\/bjbs.2025.14780"},{"key":"5744_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Martinez-Arroyo O, Flores-Chova A, Mendez-Debaets M et al (2025) Enrichment of RedoxifibromiR miR-21-5p in plasma exosomes of hypertensive patients with renal injury. Int J Mol Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms26020590","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26020590"},{"key":"5744_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ma J, Cao X, Chen F et al (2021) Exosomal microRNAs contribute to cognitive impairment in hypertensive patients by decreasing frontal cerebrovascular reactivity. Front Neurosci 15:614220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnins.2021.614220","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.614220"},{"key":"5744_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhong D, Chen Y, Zhang Y et al (2025) Emerging exosomal biomarkers for essential hypertension: a systematic review. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 15(4):915\u2013926. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/cdt-2025-76","DOI":"10.21037\/cdt-2025-76"},{"key":"5744_CR25","unstructured":"Liu LS (2011) 2010 Chinese guidelines for the management of hypertension. Zhonghua xin xue guan bing za zhi 39(7):579\u2013615"},{"key":"5744_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Robinson MD, McCarthy DJ, Smyth GK (2010) edgeR: a Bioconductor package for differential expression analysis of digital gene expression data. Bioinformatics 26(1):139\u2013140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp616","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp616"},{"key":"5744_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Edgar R, Domrachev M, Lash AE (2002) Gene expression omnibus: NCBI gene expression and hybridization array data repository. Nucleic Acids Res 30(1):207\u2013210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/30.1.207","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/30.1.207"},{"key":"5744_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Barrett T, Wilhite SE, Ledoux P et al (2013) NCBI GEO: archive for functional genomics data sets\u2013update. Nucleic Acids Res 41(Database issue):D991\u2013D995. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gks1193","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gks1193"},{"key":"5744_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Stevens MT, Saunders BM (2021) Targets and regulation of microRNA-652-3p in homoeostasis and disease. J Mol Med (Berl) 99(6):755\u2013769. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00109-021-02060-8","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-021-02060-8"},{"key":"5744_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bernardo BC, Nguyen SS, Winbanks CE et al (2014) Therapeutic silencing of miR-652 restores heart function and attenuates adverse remodeling in a setting of established pathological hypertrophy. Faseb j 28(12):5097\u20135110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1096\/fj.14-253856","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.14-253856"},{"key":"5744_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Eyyupkoca F, Ercan K, Kiziltunc E, Ugurlu IB, Kocak A, Eyerci N (2022) Determination of microRNAs associated with adverse left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. Mol Cell Biochem 477(3):781\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11010-021-04330-y","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-021-04330-y"},{"key":"5744_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Huang R, Hu Z, Cao Y et al (2019) MiR-652-3p inhibition enhances endothelial repair and reduces atherosclerosis by promoting Cyclin D2 expression. EBioMedicine 40:685\u2013694. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ebiom.2019.01.032","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2019.01.032"},{"key":"5744_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu H, Zuo C, Cao L, Yang N, Jiang T (2022) Inhibition of miR-652-3p regulates lipid metabolism and inflammatory cytokine secretion of macrophages to alleviate atherosclerosis by improving TP53 expression. Mediators Inflamm 2022:9655097. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/9655097","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/9655097"},{"key":"5744_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Han J, Cui X, Yuan T et al (2023) Plasma-derived exosomal let-7c-5p, miR-335-3p, and miR-652-3p as potential diagnostic biomarkers for stable coronary artery disease. Front Physiol 14:1161612. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2023.1161612","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2023.1161612"},{"key":"5744_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang D, Shi J, Liang G et al (2022) miR-16-5p is a novel mediator of venous smooth muscle phenotypic switching. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 15(4):876\u2013889. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12265-022-10208-1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12265-022-10208-1"},{"key":"5744_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zheng Y, Li Y, Wei Z et al (2025) HUC-MSC-derived exosomal miR-16-5p attenuates inflammation via dual suppression of M1 macrophage polarization and Th1 differentiation. Biochem Biophys Rep 43:102078. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbrep.2025.102078","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrep.2025.102078"},{"key":"5744_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez-Casales M, Hernanz R, Alonso MJ (2021) Vascular and macrophage heme oxygenase-1 in hypertension: a mini-review. Front Physiol 12:643435. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2021.643435","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.643435"},{"key":"5744_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Harwani SC (2018) Macrophages under pressure: the role of macrophage polarization in hypertension. Transl Res 191:45\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trsl.2017.10.011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2017.10.011"},{"key":"5744_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shah RV, Rong J, Larson MG et al (2018) Associations of circulating extracellular RNAs with myocardial remodeling and heart failure. JAMA Cardiol 3(9):871\u2013876. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamacardio.2018.2371","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2018.2371"},{"key":"5744_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li W, Deng P, Wang J, Li Z, Zhang H (2020) MiR-17 knockdown promotes vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic modulation through upregulated interferon regulator factor 9 expression. Am J Hypertens 33(12):1119\u20131126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajh\/hpaa087","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpaa087"},{"key":"5744_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhelankin AV, Stonogina DA, Vasiliev SV et al (2021) Circulating extracellular miRNA analysis in patients with stable CAD and acute coronary syndromes. Biomolecules. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biom11070962","DOI":"10.3390\/biom11070962"},{"key":"5744_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Verma K, Jaiswal R, Paliwal S, Dwivedi J, Sharma S (2023) An insight into PI3k\/Akt pathway and associated protein-protein interactions in metabolic syndrome: A recent update. J Cell Biochem 124(7):923\u2013942. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcb.30433","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.30433"},{"key":"5744_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kvandova M, Puzserova A, Balis P (2023) Sexual dimorphism in cardiometabolic diseases: the role of AMPK. Int J Mol Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms241511986","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241511986"},{"key":"5744_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Xanthakis V, Vasan RS (2013) Aldosterone and the risk of hypertension. Curr Hypertens Rep 15(2):102\u2013107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11906-013-0330-y","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-013-0330-y"},{"key":"5744_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Seccia TM, Caroccia B, Maiolino G, Cesari M, Rossi GP (2019) Arterial hypertension, aldosterone, and atrial fibrillation. Curr Hypertens Rep 21(12):94. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11906-019-1001-4","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-019-1001-4"},{"key":"5744_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Stowasser M (2021) Aldosterone and primary aldosteronism: star performers in hypertension research. Hypertension 78(3):747\u2013750. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/hypertensionaha.121.17594","DOI":"10.1161\/hypertensionaha.121.17594"},{"key":"5744_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gomez-Sanchez CE, Gomez-Sanchez EP (2023) Aldosterone synthase inhibitors and the treatment of essential hypertension. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 108(8):e638\u2013e9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgad071","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad071"},{"key":"5744_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Feng R, Ullah M, Chen K, Ali Q, Lin Y, Sun Z (2020) Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles mitigate ageing-associated arterial stiffness and hypertension. J Extracell Vesicles 9(1):1783869. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/20013078.2020.1783869","DOI":"10.1080\/20013078.2020.1783869"},{"key":"5744_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gao W, Liu H, Yuan J et al (2016) Exosomes derived from mature dendritic cells increase endothelial inflammation and atherosclerosis via membrane TNF-\u03b1 mediated NF-\u03baB pathway. J Cell Mol Med 20(12):2318\u20132327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcmm.12923","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.12923"},{"key":"5744_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tong Y, Ye C, Ren XS et al (2018) Exosome-mediated transfer of ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) from adventitial fibroblasts of spontaneously hypertensive rats promotes vascular smooth muscle cell migration. Hypertension 72(4):881\u2013888. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/hypertensionaha.118.11375","DOI":"10.1161\/hypertensionaha.118.11375"},{"key":"5744_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Endzeli\u0146\u0161 E, Berger A, Melne V et al (2017) Detection of circulating miRNAs: comparative analysis of extracellular vesicle-incorporated miRNAs and cell-free miRNAs in whole plasma of prostate cancer patients. BMC Cancer 17(1):730. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12885-017-3737-z","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-017-3737-z"},{"key":"5744_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nasu M, Khadka VS, Jijiwa M, Kobayashi K, Deng Y (2023) Exploring optimal biomarker sources: a comparative analysis of exosomes and whole plasma in fasting and non-fasting conditions for liquid biopsy applications. Int J Mol Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms25010371","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25010371"},{"key":"5744_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Perez-Hernandez J, Riffo-Campos AL, Ortega A et al (2021) Urinary- and plasma-derived exosomes reveal a distinct microRNA signature associated with albuminuria in hypertension. Hypertension 77(3):960\u2013971. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/hypertensionaha.120.16598","DOI":"10.1161\/hypertensionaha.120.16598"},{"key":"5744_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Xie JX, Fan X, Drummond CA et al (2017) MicroRNA profiling in kidney disease: plasma versus plasma-derived exosomes. Gene 627:1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gene.2017.06.003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2017.06.003"},{"key":"5744_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mori MA, Ludwig RG, Garcia-Martin R, Brand\u00e3o BB, Kahn CR (2019) Extracellular miRNAs: from biomarkers to mediators of physiology and disease. Cell Metab 30(4):656\u2013673. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmet.2019.07.011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2019.07.011"},{"key":"5744_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Deli\u0107 D, Wiech F, Urquhart R et al (2020) Linagliptin and telmisartan induced effects on renal and urinary exosomal miRNA expression in rats with 5\/6 nephrectomy. Sci Rep 10(1):3373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-60336-4","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-60336-4"}],"container-title":["Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11010-026-05744-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11010-026-05744-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11010-026-05744-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T07:55:32Z","timestamp":1792569332000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11010-026-05744-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["5744"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11010-026-05744-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1573-4919"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1573-4919","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 September 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 September 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ethics approval was granted by the Human Research Ethics Committee of hospital of Chengdu university of TCM (2019KL-001). All participants provided written informed consent to participate in the study. Study results will be disseminated by publishing our findings in a peer-reviewed journal.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Clinical trial number: not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}