{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T05:45:56Z","timestamp":1778305556610,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,6]],"date-time":"2008-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1228521600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Metab Brain Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-008-9129-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,5]],"date-time":"2008-12-05T16:01:28Z","timestamp":1228492888000},"page":"189-196","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Thiamine deficiency-related brain dysfunction in chronic liver failure"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Roger F.","family":"Butterworth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"9129_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-198405000-00006","volume":"43","author":"H Aikawa","year":"1984","unstructured":"Aikawa H, Watanabe IS, Furuse T, Iwasaki Y, Satoyoshi E, Sumi T, Moroji T (1984) Low energy levels in thiamine-deficient encephalopathy. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 43:276\u2013287","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"9129_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2005.03132.x","volume":"93","author":"AK Andersson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Andersson AK, R\u00f6nnb\u00e4ck L, Hansson E (2005) Lactate induces tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1, interleukin-6 and interleukin -1\u03b2 release in microglial- and astroglial-enriched primary cultures. J. Neurochem. 93:1327\u20131333","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"9129_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00996920","volume":"6","author":"RF Butterworth","year":"1991","unstructured":"Butterworth RF, Gaudreau C, Vincelette J, Bourgault AM, Lamothe F, Nutini AM (1991) Thiamine deficiency and Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy in AIDS. Metab Brain Dis 6:207\u2013212","journal-title":"Metab Brain Dis"},{"key":"9129_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1993.tb05668.x","volume":"17","author":"RF Butterworth","year":"1993","unstructured":"Butterworth RF, Kril JJ, Harper CG (1993) Thiamine-dependent enzyme changes in the brains of alcoholics: relationship to the Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome. Alcohol Clin and Exp Res 17:1084\u20131088","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin and Exp Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"9129_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)65602-7","volume":"153","author":"NY Calingasan","year":"1998","unstructured":"Calingasan NY, Park LC, Calo LL, Trifiletti RR, Grandy SE, Gibson GE (1998) Induction of nitric oxide synthase and microglial responses precede selective cell death induced by chronic impairment of oxidative metabolism. Am J Pathol 153(2):599\u2013610","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"9129_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(72)90118-9","volume":"15","author":"JB Cavanagh","year":"1972","unstructured":"Cavanagh JB, Lewis PD, Blakemore WE, Kyu M (1972) Changes in the cerebellar cortex in rats after portocaval anastomosis. J Neurol Sci 15:13\u201326","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"9129_CR7","first-page":"46","volume-title":"The hepatic coma syndromes and lactulose","author":"HO Conn","year":"1978","unstructured":"Conn HO, Lieberthal MM (1978) Pathogenesis of portal-systemic encephalopathy. In: Conn HO, Lieberthal MM (eds) The hepatic coma syndromes and lactulose. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, pp 46\u201384"},{"key":"9129_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00690386","volume":"39","author":"NH Diemer","year":"1977","unstructured":"Diemer NH, Klee J, Schroder H, Klinken L (1977) Glial and nerve cell changes in rats with porto-caval anastomosis. Acta Neuropath (Berl) 39:59\u201368","journal-title":"Acta Neuropath (Berl)"},{"key":"9129_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-0186(01)00120-6","volume":"40","author":"GE Gibson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gibson GE, Zhang H (2002) Interactions of oxidative stress with thiamine homeostasis promote neurodegeneration. Neurochem Int 40:493\u2013504","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"key":"9129_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410160609","volume":"16","author":"AM Hakim","year":"1984","unstructured":"Hakim AM (1984) The induction and reversibility of cerebral acidosis in thiamine deficiency. Ann Neurol 16:673\u2013679","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"9129_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.49.4.341","volume":"49","author":"CG Harper","year":"1986","unstructured":"Harper CG, Giles M, Finlay-Jones R (1986) Clinical signs in the Wernicke-Korsakoff complex, retrospective analysis of 131 cases diagnosed at autopsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychol 49:341\u2013345","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychol"},{"key":"9129_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1988.tb03090.x","volume":"51","author":"M H\u00e9roux","year":"1988","unstructured":"H\u00e9roux M, Butterworth RF (1988) Reversible alterations of cerebral GABA in pyrithiamine-treated rats: Implications for the pathogenesis of Wernicke\u2019s Encephalopathy. J Neurochem 51:1221\u20131226","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"9129_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI108651","volume":"59","author":"B Hindfelt","year":"1977","unstructured":"Hindfelt B, Plum F, Duffy TE (1977) Effect of acute ammonia intoxication on cerebral metabolism in rats with portacaval shunts. J Clin Invest 59:386\u2013396","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"9129_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/31.6.938","volume":"31","author":"AM Hoyumpa","year":"1978","unstructured":"Hoyumpa AM, Nichols S, Henderson GI, Schenker S (1978) Intestinal thiamine transport: effect of chronic ethanol administration in rats. Am J Clin Nutr 31:938\u2013945","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"9129_CR15","unstructured":"Jiang W, Desjardins P, Ahboucha S, Qu H, Butterworth RF (2008) Selective increases in expression of proinflammatory cytokines in brains of rats with experimental ischemic liver failure. Neurochem Int (in press)"},{"key":"9129_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0240711","volume":"24","author":"HW Kinnersley","year":"1930","unstructured":"Kinnersley HW, Peters RA (1930) Brain localization of lactic acidosis in avitaminosis B1 and its relation to the origin of symptoms. Biochem J 24:711\u2013722","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"9129_CR17","first-page":"91","volume":"11","author":"JJ Kril","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kril JJ (1996) The neuropathology of thiamine deficiency disorders. Metab Brain Dis 11:91\u2013117","journal-title":"Metab Brain Dis"},{"key":"9129_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510260405","volume":"26","author":"JJ Kril","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kril JJ, Butterworth RF (1997) Diencephalic and cerebellar pathology in alcoholic and nonalcoholic patients with end-stage liver disease. Hepatology 26:837\u2013841","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"9129_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2003.12.007","volume":"43","author":"M Kruse","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kruse M, Navarro D, Desjardins P, Butterworth RF (2004) Increased brain endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression in thiamine deficiency: relationship to selective vulnerability. Neurochem Int 43:49\u201356","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"key":"9129_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.alcalc.a045055","volume":"25","author":"U Laforenza","year":"1990","unstructured":"Laforenza U, Patrini C, Gastaldi G, Rindi G (1990) Effects of acute and chronic ethanol administration on thiamine metabolizing enzymes in some brain areas and in other organs of the rat. Alcohol Alcohol 25:591\u2013603","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol"},{"key":"9129_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1986.tb00768.x","volume":"47","author":"JCK Lai","year":"1986","unstructured":"Lai JCK, Cooper ALJ (1986) \u03b1-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex: kinetic properties, regional distribution and effects of inhibitors. J Neurochem 47:1376\u20131386","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"issue":"2","key":"9129_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02674735","volume":"12","author":"PJ Langlais","year":"1997","unstructured":"Langlais PJ, Anderson G, Guo SX, Bondy SC (1997) Increased cerebral free radical production during thiamine deficiency. Metab Brain Dis 12(2):137\u2013143","journal-title":"Metab Brain Dis"},{"key":"9129_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1995.tb00991.x","volume":"19","author":"L Lavoie","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lavoie L, Butterworth RF (1995) Reduced activities of thiamine-dependent enzymes in brains of alcoholics in the absence of Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 19:1073\u20131077","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"9129_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.20290","volume":"79","author":"D Navarro","year":"2005","unstructured":"Navarro D, Zwingmann C, Hazell AS, Leibfritz D, Butterworth RF (2005) Brain lactate synthesis in thiamine deficiency: A re-evaluation using 1H\/13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J Neurosci Res 79(1\u20132):33\u201344","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"9129_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-005-7911-7","volume":"20","author":"MD Norenberg","year":"2005","unstructured":"Norenberg MD, Rama Rao KV, Jayakumar AR (2005) Mechanisms of ammonia-induced astrocyte swelling. Metab Brain Dis 20(4):303\u2013318","journal-title":"Metab Brain Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"9129_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.01-0862fje","volume":"16","author":"F Schliess","year":"2002","unstructured":"Schliess F, G\u00f6rg B, Fischer R, Desjardins P, Bidmon HJ, Herrmann A, Butterworth RF, Zilles K, H\u00e4ussinger D (2002) Ammonia induces MK-801 sensitive nitration and phosphorylation of protein tyrosine residues in rat astrocytes. FASEB J 16(7):739\u2013741","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"9129_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.3109\/00207458709043340","volume":"32","author":"RE Tarter","year":"1987","unstructured":"Tarter RE, Arria AM, Carra J, Van Thiel DH (1987) Memory impairments concomitant with nonalcoholic cirrhosis. Int J Neurosci 32:853\u2013859","journal-title":"Int J Neurosci"},{"key":"9129_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00996922","volume":"6","author":"G Therrien","year":"1991","unstructured":"Therrien G, Gigu\u00e8re JF, Butterworth RF (1991) Increased cerebrospinal fluid lactate reflects deterioration of neurological status in experimental portal-systemic encephalopathy. Metab Brain Dis 6:225\u2013231","journal-title":"Metab Brain Dis"},{"key":"9129_CR29","first-page":"34","volume":"76","author":"AD Thomson","year":"1970","unstructured":"Thomson AD, Baker H, Leevy C (1970) Patterns of 35S-thiamine hydrochloride absorption in the malnourished alcoholic patient. J Lab Clin Med 76:34\u201335","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"9129_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1136(19990115)25:2<190::AID-GLIA9>3.0.CO;2-B","volume":"25","author":"KG Todd","year":"1999","unstructured":"Todd KG, Butterworth RF (1999) Early microglial response in experimental thiamine deficiency: an immunohistochemical analysis. Glia 25:190\u2013198","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"9129_CR31","volume-title":"The Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and related neurologic disorders due to alcoholism and malnutrition","author":"M Victor","year":"1989","unstructured":"Victor M, Adams RD, Collins GH (1989) The Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and related neurologic disorders due to alcoholism and malnutrition, 2nd edn. Davis, Philadelphia","edition":"2"},{"key":"9129_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1159\/000116153","volume":"27","author":"H Yao","year":"1987","unstructured":"Yao H, Sadoshima S, Fujii K, Kusada K, Ishitsuka T, Tamaki K, Fujishima M (1987) Cerebrospinal fluid lactate in patients with hepatic encephalopathy. Eur Neurol 27:182\u2013187","journal-title":"Eur Neurol"}],"container-title":["Metabolic Brain Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11011-008-9129-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11011-008-9129-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11011-008-9129-y","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,31]],"date-time":"2019-05-31T22:21:48Z","timestamp":1559341308000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11011-008-9129-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,6]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]}},"alternative-id":["9129"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11011-008-9129-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0885-7490","1573-7365"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0885-7490","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7365","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,6]]}}}