{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T00:36:48Z","timestamp":1773707808623,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]],"date-time":"2021-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630281600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]],"date-time":"2021-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630281600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Biol Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-021-06659-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]],"date-time":"2021-08-30T07:16:50Z","timestamp":1630307810000},"page":"6703-6708","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Association between IL-18 gene polymorphisms and Hashimoto thyroiditis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Dilek","family":"Karakaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gunes","family":"\u00c7akmak Genc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sevim","family":"Karakas Celik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tugba","family":"Aktas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taner","family":"Bayraktaroglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmet","family":"Dursun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"6659_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03401283","volume":"12","author":"G Cogni","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cogni G, Chiovato L (2013) An overview of the pathogenesis of thyroid autoimmunity. Hormones 12:19\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF03401283","journal-title":"Hormones"},{"key":"6659_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-012-9703-2","volume":"42","author":"DS McLeod","year":"2012","unstructured":"McLeod DS, Cooper DS (2012) The incidence and prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity. Endocrine 42:252\u2013265. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12020-012-9703-2","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"6659_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.016","volume":"14","author":"A Antonelli","year":"2015","unstructured":"Antonelli A, Ferrari SM, Corrado A, Domenicantonio AD, Fallahi P (2015) Autoimmune thyroid disorders. Autoimmun Rev 14:174\u2013180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.016","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"6659_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.2.8182","volume":"87","author":"JG Hollowell","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hollowell JG, Staehling NW, Flanders WD, Hannon WH, Gunter EW, Spencer CA, Braverman LE (2002) Serum TSH, T4 and thyroid antibodies in the United States population (1988 to 1994): National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHALES III). J Clin Endocrin Metab 87:489\u2013499. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jcem.87.2.8182","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrin Metab"},{"key":"6659_CR5","first-page":"3611","volume":"18","author":"Dong YH, Fu DG","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dong YH, Fu DG (2014) Autoimmune thyroid disease; mechanism. Genetics and current knowledge. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 18:3611\u20133618","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"6659_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/979167","volume":"2015","author":"A Pyzik","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pyzik A, Grywalska E, Matuszek BM, Roli\u0144ski J (2015) Immune disorders in Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis: what do we know so far? J Immunol Res 2015:1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2015\/979167","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"key":"6659_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/s0091-6749(99)70518-x","volume":"103","author":"A Charles","year":"1999","unstructured":"Charles A, Dinarello MD (1999) IL-18: a TH1-inducing, proinflammatory cytokine and new member of the IL-1 family. J Allergy Clin Immunol 103:11\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0091-6749(99)70518-x","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"6659_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0602313","volume":"73","author":"JA Gracie","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gracie JA, Robertson SE, McInnes IB (2003) Interleukin-18. J Leukoc Biol 73:213\u2013224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1189\/jlb.0602313","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"6659_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119181","volume":"99","author":"H Rothe","year":"1997","unstructured":"Rothe H, Jenkins NA, Copeland NG, Kolb H (1997) Active stage of autoimmune diabetes is associated with the expression of a novel cytokine, IGIF, which is located near Idd2. J Clin Invest 99:469\u2013474. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI119181","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"6659_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6829","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.162.11.6829","volume":"162","author":"T Pizarro","year":"1999","unstructured":"Pizarro T, Michie M, Bentz M, Woraratanadharm J, Smith MF, Foley E, Moskaluk CA, Bickston SJ, Cominelli F (1999) IL-18, a novel immunoregulatory cytokine, is up-regulated in Crohn\u2019s disease: expression and localization in intestinal mucosal cells. J Immunol 162:6829\u20136835","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"6659_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23186","volume":"58","author":"M Tucci","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tucci M, Quatraro C, Lombardi L, Cecilia P, Dammacco F, Silvetris F (2008) Glomerular accumulation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells in active lupus nephritis: role of interleukin-18. Arthritis Rheum 58:251\u2013262. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.23186","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"6659_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6368","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.161.11.6368","volume":"161","author":"G Wildbaum","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wildbaum G, Youssef S, Grabie N, Karin N (1998) Neutralizing antibodies to IFN-c-inducing factor prevent experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Immunol 161:6368\u20136374","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"6659_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2898","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.4.2898","volume":"181","author":"A Sakai","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sakai A, Sugawara Y, Kuroishi T, Sasano T, Sugawara S (2008) Identification of IL18 and Th17 cells in salivary glands of patients with Sjogren\u2019s syndrome, and amplification of IL-17-mediated secretion of inflammatory cytokines from salivary gland cells by IL-18. J Immunol 181:2898\u20132906. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.181.4.2898","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"6659_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1740-2557-2-1","volume":"2","author":"DA Chistiakov","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chistiakov DA (2005) Immunogenetics of Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis. J Autoimmune Dis 2:1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1740-2557-2-1","journal-title":"J Autoimmune Dis"},{"key":"6659_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1159\/000078438","volume":"11","author":"C Phenekosa","year":"2004","unstructured":"Phenekosa C, Vryonidoua A, Gritzapis AD, Baxevanisb CN, Goula M, Papamichail M (2004) Th1 and Th2 serum cytokine profiles characterize patients with Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis (Th1) and Graves\u2019 disease (Th2). Neuroimmunomodulation 11:209\u2013213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000078438","journal-title":"Neuroimmunomodulation"},{"key":"6659_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2000.10.815","volume":"10","author":"S Miyauchi","year":"2000","unstructured":"Miyauchi S, Matsuura B, Onji M (2000) Increased levels of serum interleukin-18 in Graves\u2019 disease. Thyroid 10:815\u2013819. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/thy.2000.10.815","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"6659_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2006.02.096","volume":"342","author":"J Arimitsu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Arimitsu J, Hirano T, Higa S, Kawai M, Naka T, Ogata A, Shima Y, Fujimoto M, Yamadori T, Hagiwara K, Ohgawara T, Kubawara Y, Kawase I, Tanaka T (2006) IL-18 gene polymorphisms affect IL-18 production capability by monocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 342:1413\u20131416. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbrc.2006.02.096","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"6659_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/s0165-5728(00)00407-0","volume":"112","author":"V Giedraitis","year":"2001","unstructured":"Giedraitis V, He B, Huang WX, Hillert J (2001) Cloning and mutation analysis of the human IL-18 promoter: a possible role of polymorphisms in expression regulation. J Neuroimmunol 112:146\u2013152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0165-5728(00)00407-0","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"6659_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.EJ16-0551","volume":"64","author":"N Inoue","year":"2017","unstructured":"Inoue N, Watanabe M, Nakaguchi A, Ueda D, Kawaguti H, Hidaka Y, Iwatani Y (2017) Functional polymorphisms affecting Th1 differentiation are associated with the severity of autoimmune thyroid diseases. Endocr J 64:695\u2013703. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1507\/endocrj.EJ16-0551","journal-title":"Endocr J"},{"key":"6659_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2006.16.243","volume":"16","author":"Mukai T, Hiromatsu Y, Ichimura M, Fukutani T, Kaku H, Myake I, Shoji S, Koda Y, Bednarczuk T","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mukai T, Hiromatsu Y, Ichimura M, Fukutani T, Kaku H, Myake I, Shoji S, Koda Y, Bednarczuk T (2006) Lack of association of interleukin-18 gene polymorphisms with susceptibility of Japanese populations to Graves\u2019 disease or Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy. Thyroid 16:243\u2013248. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/thy.2006.16.243","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"6659_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1288.074","volume":"1005","author":"A Ide","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ide A, Kawasak\u0131 E, Ab\u0131ru N, Sun F, Fukush\u0131ma T, Ish\u0131\u0131 R, Takahashi R, Kuwahara H, Fujita N, Atsushi K, Imauzumi M, Oshima K, Usa T, Uotani S, Ejima E, Yamasaki H, Ashizawa K, Yamaguchi Y, Eguchi K (2003) Association of interleukin-18 gene promoter polymorphisms in type 1 diabetes and autoimmune thyroid disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1005:436\u2013439. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1196\/annals.1288.074","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"6659_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2013.10.001","volume":"149","author":"D Li","year":"2013","unstructured":"Li D, Cai W, Gu R, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Tang K, Xu P, Katirai F, Shi W, Wang L, Huang T, Huang B (2013) Th17 cell plays a role in the pathogenesis of Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis in patients. Clin Immunol 149:411\u2013420. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clim.2013.10.001","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"6659_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(95)80068-9","volume":"16","author":"RS Liblau","year":"1995","unstructured":"Liblau RS, Singer SM, McDevitt HO (1995) Th1 and Th2 CD4+ T cells in the pathogenesis of organ-specific autoimmune diseases. Immunol Today 16:34\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0167-5699(95)80068-9","journal-title":"Immunol Today"},{"key":"6659_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2012.10.005","volume":"74","author":"CY Huang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Huang CY, Ting WH, Lo FS, Wu YL, Chang TY, Chan HW, Lin WS, Chen WF, Lien YP, Lee YJ (2013) The IL18 gene and Hashimoto thyroiditis in children. Hum Immunol 74:120\u2013124. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.humimm.2012.10.005","journal-title":"Hum Immunol"},{"key":"6659_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203319834677","author":"V Umare","year":"2019","unstructured":"Umare V, Pradhan V, Nath S, Rajadhyaksha A, Ghosh K, Nadkarni AH (2019) Impact of functional IL-18 polymorphisms on genetic predisposition and diverse clinical manifestations of the disease in Indian SLE patients. Lupus. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0961203319834677","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"issue":"4","key":"6659_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.4103\/aian.AIAN_515_18","volume":"22","author":"H Jahanbani-Ardakani","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jahanbani-Ardakani H, Alsahebfosoul F, Etemadifar M et al (2019) Interleukin 18 polymorphisms and its serum level in patients with multiple sclerosis. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 22(4):474\u2013476. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/aian.AIAN_515_18","journal-title":"Ann Indian Acad Neurol"},{"key":"6659_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000001047","author":"D Wen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wen D, Zhou X-L, Du X, Dong J-Z, Ma C-S (2020) Association of interleukin-18 gene polymorphisms with Takayasu arteritis in a Chinese Han population. Chin Med J. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/CM9.0000000000001047","journal-title":"Chin Med J"},{"key":"6659_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e22386","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.22386","volume":"32","author":"SD Celik","year":"2018","unstructured":"Celik SD, Ates O (2018) Genetic analysis of interleukin 18 gene polymorphisms in alopecia areata. J Clin Lab Anal 32:e22386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcla.22386","journal-title":"J Clin Lab Anal"}],"container-title":["Molecular Biology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11033-021-06659-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11033-021-06659-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11033-021-06659-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,8]],"date-time":"2023-01-08T07:56:33Z","timestamp":1673164593000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11033-021-06659-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["6659"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11033-021-06659-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-4851","1573-4978"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4851","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-4978","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 May 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 August 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 August 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The research protocol was approved by the ethics committee of Zonguldak B\u00fclent Ecevit university medical school on February 10, 2021 (Reference Number: 2021\/03).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained all participants.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}