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Herein, the protective role of <jats:italic>Codiaeum variegatum<\/jats:italic> leaves ethyl acetate fraction was determined against genotoxicity of Cr. The technique HPLC-qTOF-MS\/MS was used to identify the constituents in <jats:italic>C. variegatum<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Materials<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>90 male mice were used to evaluate micronuclei (MPCEs) in bone marrow, chromosomal aberration (CAs) in bone marrow and mouse spermatocytes, sperm abnormalities, and gene expression (<jats:italic>q<\/jats:italic>RT-PCR). The following groups were included, I: Negative control (ethanol 30%), II: Positive control (i.p injected once with 30\u00a0mg\/kg Cr), III: Control orally treated with <jats:italic>C. variegatum<\/jats:italic> at 500\u00a0mg\/kg, four days. IV-VI: treated with 100, 300, and 500\u00a0mg\/kg of the plant (4\u00a0days) plus a single dose of Cr.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In bone marrow, Cr induced significant increase in MPCEs and CAs by 3 and 7-folds respectively over the control. Cr also induced a significant percentage of CAs in spermatocytes in meiosis in the form of univalent (X\u2013Y and autosomal univalent) and also a significant percentage of morphological sperm abnormalities was recorded. A large number of coiled tail abnormalities were detected indicating the effect of Cr in sperm motility. Cr induced an overexpression of p53 gene. <jats:italic>C. variegatum<\/jats:italic> mitigated all deleterious genotoxic effects of Cr. Chemical analysis showed that flavones (35.21%) and phenolic acids (17.62%) constitute the main components.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The results indicated that Cr is genotoxic in both somatic and germ cells. The active components in <jats:italic>C. variegatum<\/jats:italic> together participate in the obtained protective role.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-022-07845-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,2]],"date-time":"2022-09-02T05:02:47Z","timestamp":1662094967000},"page":"9543-9553","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Protective role of\u00a0Codiaeum variegatum against genotoxicity induced by carmustine in somatic and germ cells of male mice"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Maha A.","family":"Fahmy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ayman A.","family":"Farghaly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Entesar E.","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zeinab M.","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9638-8481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Howaida I.","family":"Abd-Alla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"7845_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1515\/znc-2009-7-805","volume":"64","author":"HI Abd-Alla","year":"2009","unstructured":"Abd-Alla HI, Moharram FA, Gaara AH, El-Safty MM (2009) Phytoconstituents of Jatropha curcas L. leaves and their immunomodulatory activity on humoral and cell-mediated immune response in chicks. 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All experimental procedures were carried out following the guiding principles for the care and use of laboratory animals approved by the NRC, Dokki-Giza (Egypt). The Approval Certificate is under the number: 19-163.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}