{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T05:37:56Z","timestamp":1782711476005,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science and Technology Department of Hebei Province","award":["No.H2023105901"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.H2023105901"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Biol Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) (7\u201336) amide, an endogenous active form of GLP-1, has been shown to modulate oxidative stress and neuronal cell survival in various neurological diseases.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study investigated the potential effects of GLP-1(7\u201336) on oxidative stress and apoptosis in neuronal cells following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and explored the underlying mechanisms.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Traumatic brain injury (TBI) models were established in male SD rats for in vivo experiments. The extent of cerebral oedema was assessed using wet-to-dry weight ratios following GLP-1(7\u201336) intervention. Neurological dysfunction and cognitive impairment were evaluated through behavioural experiments. Histopathological changes in the brain were observed using haematoxylin and eosin staining. Oxidative stress levels in hippocampal tissues were measured. TUNEL staining and Western blotting were employed to examine cell apoptosis. In vitro experiments evaluated the extent of oxidative stress and neural apoptosis following ERK5 phosphorylation activation. Immunofluorescence colocalization of p-ERK5 and NeuN was analysed using immunofluorescence cytochemistry.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Rats with TBI exhibited neurological deterioration, increased oxidative stress, and enhanced apoptosis, which were ameliorated by GLP-1(7\u201336) treatment. Notably, GLP-1(7\u201336) induced ERK5 phosphorylation in TBI rats. However, upon ERK5 inhibition, oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis levels were elevated, even in the presence of GLP-1(7\u201336).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In summary, this study suggested that GLP-1(7\u201336) suppressed oxidative damage and neuronal apoptosis after TBI by activating ERK5\/CREB.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-024-09244-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T21:07:33Z","timestamp":1708376853000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["GLP-1(7\u201336) protected against oxidative damage and neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampal CA region after traumatic brain injury by regulating ERK5\/CREB"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Shuwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aijun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaopeng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingxuan","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"9244_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1016\/s1474-4422","volume":"16","author":"AI Maas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Maas AI, Menon DK, Adelson PD et al (2017) Traumatic brain injury: integrated approaches to improve prevention, clinical care, and research. Lancet Neurol 16(12):987\u20131048. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1474-4422","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"9244_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aem128","volume":"99","author":"IK Moppett","year":"2007","unstructured":"Moppett IK (2007) Traumatic brain injury: assessment, resuscitation and early management. Br J Anaesth 99(1):18\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/aem128","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"4","key":"9244_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.10.JNS17352","volume":"130","author":"MC Dewan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dewan MC, Rattani A, Gupta S et al (2018) Estimating the global incidence of traumatic brain injury. J Neurosurg 130(4):1080\u20131097. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2017.10.JNS17352","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"9244_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-015-2512-7","volume":"157","author":"W Peeters","year":"2015","unstructured":"Peeters W, van den Brande R, Polinder S, Brazinova A, Steyerberg EW, Lingsma HF, Maas AI (2015) Epidemiology of traumatic brain injury in Europe. Acta Neurochir 157:1683\u20131696","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"},{"key":"9244_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(06)61004-2","volume":"161","author":"O Farkas","year":"2007","unstructured":"Farkas O, Povlishock JT (2007) Cellular and subcellular change evoked by diffuse traumatic brain injury: a complex web of change extending far beyond focal damage. Prog Brain Res 161:43\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0079-6123(06)61004-2","journal-title":"Prog Brain Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"9244_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.3558","volume":"72","author":"KN Corps","year":"2015","unstructured":"Corps KN, Roth TL, McGavern DB (2015) Inflammation and neuroprotection in traumatic brain injury. JAMA Neurol 72(3):355\u2013362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.3558","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"9244_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.29173","author":"Z Zeng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zeng Z, Zhang Y, Jiang W (2020) Modulation of autophagy in traumatic brain injury. J Cell Physiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcp.29173","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"9244_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-020-00840-7","volume":"17","author":"Y Akamatsu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Akamatsu Y, Hanafy KA (2020) Cell death and recovery. Neurotherapeutics 17(2):446\u2013456. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13311-020-00840-7","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"issue":"4","key":"9244_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2016.4486","volume":"34","author":"RV Leden","year":"2017","unstructured":"Leden RV, Yauger YJ, Khayrullina G et al (2017) Central Nervous System Injury and Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Oxidase: oxidative stress and therapeutic targets. J Neurotrauma 34(4):755\u2013764","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"1","key":"9244_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-017-0150-7","volume":"12","author":"MW Ma","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ma MW, Wang J, Zhang Q et al (2017) NADPH oxidase in brain injury and neurodegenerative disorders. Mol Neurodegeneration 12(1):1\u201328","journal-title":"Mol Neurodegeneration"},{"issue":"3","key":"9244_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-014-8752-3","volume":"51","author":"PM Abdul-Muneer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Abdul-Muneer PM, Chandra N, Haorah J (2015) Interactions of oxidative stress and neurovascular inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Traumatic Brain Injury. Mol Neurobiol 51(3):966\u2013979. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12035-014-8752-3","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"9244_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2018.01.031","author":"MW Ma","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ma MW, Wang J, Dhandapani KM et al (2018) Deletion of NADPH oxidase 4 reduces severity of traumatic brain injury. Free Radic Biol Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2018.01.031","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"9244_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2011.10.017","volume":"1822","author":"M Bains","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bains M, Hall ED (2012) Antioxidant therapies in traumatic brain and spinal cord injury. Biochim Biophys Acta 1822(5):675\u2013684. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbadis.2011.10.017","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"issue":"1","key":"9244_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-021-00873-9","volume":"116","author":"S Nizari","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nizari S, Basalay M, Chapman P et al (2021) Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor activation dilates cerebral arterioles, increases cerebral blood flow, and mediates remote (pre) conditioning neuroprotection against ischaemic stroke. Basic Res Cardiol 116(1):1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00395-021-00873-9","journal-title":"Basic Res Cardiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"9244_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15508","volume":"179","author":"C H\u00f6lscher","year":"2022","unstructured":"H\u00f6lscher C (2022) Protective properties of GLP-1 and associated peptide hormones in neurodegenerative disorders. Br J Pharmacol 179(4):695\u2013714. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bph.15508","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"5","key":"9244_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2012","volume":"166","author":"I Salcedo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Salcedo I, Tweedie D, Li Y et al (2012) Neuroprotective and neurotrophic actions of glucagon-like peptide-1: an emerging opportunity to treat neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular disorders. Br J Pharmacol 166(5):1586\u20131599. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1476-5381.201201971.x","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"9244_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI30076","volume":"117","author":"DJ Drucker","year":"2007","unstructured":"Drucker DJ (2007) The role of gut hormones in glucose homeostasis. J Clin Invest 117:24\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI30076","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"9244_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2131","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.03.054","volume":"132","author":"L Baggio Laurie","year":"2007","unstructured":"Baggio Laurie L, Drucker Daniel J et al (2007) Biology of incretins: GLP-1 and GIP. Gastroenterology 132:2131\u20132157","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"6","key":"9244_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.2174\/1389450043345245","volume":"5","author":"TA Perry","year":"2004","unstructured":"Perry TA, Greig NH (2004) A new Alzheimer\u2019s disease interventive strategy: GLP-1. Curr Drug Targets 5(6):565\u2013571","journal-title":"Curr Drug Targets"},{"key":"9244_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.01.014","volume":"1602","author":"L Zhao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhao L, Xu J, Wang Q et al (2015) Protective effect of rhGLP-1 (7\u201336) on brain ischemia\/reperfusion damage in diabetic rats. Brain Res 1602:153\u2013159","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"9244_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2003.02073.x","volume":"87","author":"CP Gilman","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gilman CP, Perry TA, Furukawa K et al (2003) Glucagon-like peptide 1 modulates calcium responses to glutamate and membrane depolarization in hippocampal neurons. J Neurochem 87(5):1137\u20131144","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"issue":"3","key":"9244_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.102.037481","volume":"302","author":"TA Perry","year":"2002","unstructured":"Perry TA, Haughey NJ, Mattson MP et al (2002) Protection and reversal of excitotoxic neuronal damage by glucagon-like peptide-1 and exendin-4. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 302(3):881\u2013888","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"9244_CR23","first-page":"963","volume":"327","author":"C International","year":"2011","unstructured":"International C (2011) Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory animals. Publication 327(3):963\u2013965","journal-title":"Publication"},{"issue":"17","key":"9244_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21642","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.203508","volume":"13","author":"W Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang W, Hong J, Zhang H et al (2021) Astrocyte-derived exosomes protect hippocampal neurons after traumatic brain injury by suppressing mitochondrial oxidative stress and apoptosis. Aging 13(17):21642\u201321658. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/aging.203508","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"9244_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/9245702","author":"C Changmeng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Changmeng C, Sixin S, Jianzhong C et al (2017) Vitamin D Receptor Activation Influences NADPH Oxidase (NOX2) Activity and Protects against Neurological Deficits and Apoptosis in a Rat Model of Traumatic Brain Injury. Oxidative Med Cell Longev. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2017\/9245702","journal-title":"Oxidative Med Cell Longev"},{"issue":"10","key":"9244_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2478","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000032302.91894.0F","volume":"33","author":"Y Hua","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hua Y, Schallert T, Keep RF et al (2002) Behavioral tests after Intracerebral Hemorrhage in the rat. Stroke 33(10):2478\u20132484","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"9244_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.2021.1956290","author":"R Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang R, Wang J, Huang L et al (2021) The pros and cons of motor, memory, and emotion-related behavioral tests in the mouse traumatic brain injury model. Neurol Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01616412.2021.1956290","journal-title":"Neurol Res"},{"key":"9244_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2010.08.016","volume":"12","author":"G D\u2019Antona","year":"2010","unstructured":"D\u2019Antona G, Ragni M, Cardile A et al (2010) Branched-chain amino acid supplementation promotes survival and supports cardiac and skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis in middle-aged mice. Cell Metab 12:362\u2013372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.10 16\/j.cmet.2010.08.016","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"9244_CR29","first-page":"1588","volume":"24","author":"W Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang W, Cui Y, Gao J et al (2018) Recombinant osteopontin improves neurological functional recovery and protects against apoptosis via PI3K\/Akt\/GSK-3\u03b2 pathway following intracerebral hemorrhage. Med Sci Monit Int Med J Experimental Clin Res 24:1588\u20131596. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1265 9\/MSM.905700","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit Int Med J Experimental Clin Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"9244_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16088","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.203136","volume":"13","author":"W Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang W, Hong J, Zheng W et al (2021) High glucose exacerbates neuroinflammation and apoptosis at the intermediate stage after post-traumatic brain injury. Aging 13(12):16088\u201316104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/aging.203136","journal-title":"Aging"},{"issue":"4","key":"9244_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1174","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2014.116","volume":"5","author":"P Luo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Luo P, Chen T, Zhao Y et al (2014) Postsynaptic scaffold protein Homer 1a protects against traumatic brain injury via regulating group I metabotropic glutamate receptors. Cell Death Dis 5(4):e1174\u2013e1174. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/cddis.2014.116","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"9244_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3195","volume":"15","author":"J Ji","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ji J, Kline AE, Amoscato A et al (2012) Lipidomics identifies cardiolipin oxidation as a mitochondrial target for redox therapy of brain injury. Nat Neurosci 15(10):1407\u20131413. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nn.3195","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"9244_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-019-00957-9","volume":"22","author":"D Pavlovic","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pavlovic D, Pekic S, Stojanovic M et al (2019) Traumatic brain injury: neuropathological, neurocognitive and neurobehavioral sequelae. Pituitary 22:270\u2013282. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11102-019-00957-9","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"key":"9244_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aem131","volume":"99","author":"C Werner","year":"2007","unstructured":"Werner C, Engelhard K (2007) Pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury. Br J Anaesth 99:4\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/aem131","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"9244_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lulit P, Christy W, Grant Gerald (2015). Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury. Blood\u2013brain barrier pathophysiology following traumatic Brain Injury; pp. 85\u201396. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK326726\/","DOI":"10.1201\/b18959-5"},{"key":"9244_CR36","unstructured":"Peterson AB, Xu L, Daugherty J et al (2019) Surveillance report of traumatic brain injury-related emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and deaths, United States, 2014. https:\/\/stacks.cdc.gov\/view\/cdc\/78062\/cdc_78062_DS1.pdf"},{"key":"9244_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(18)30065-8","volume":"5","author":"JR Fann","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fann JR, Ribe AR, Pedersen HS et al (2018) Long-term risk of dementia among people with traumatic brain injury in Denmark: a population-based observational cohort study. Lancet Psychiatry 5:424\u2013431","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"9244_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Schilling L, Wahl M (1999) Mediators of Cerebral Edema. Springer US, 474: 123\u2013141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4615-4711-2_11","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-4711-2_11"},{"issue":"12","key":"9244_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2201","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2012.133","volume":"32","author":"J Hou","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hou J, Manaenko A, Hakon J et al (2012) Liraglutide, a long-acting GLP-1 mimetic, and its metabolite attenuate inflammation after intracerebral hemorrhage. J Cereb Blood Flow Metabolism Official J Int Soc Cereb Blood Flow Metabolism 32(12):2201\u20132210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.10 38\/jcbfm.2012.133","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metabolism Official J Int Soc Cereb Blood Flow Metabolism"},{"key":"9244_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang ZL, Liu YG, Huang QB et al (2015) Nuclear factor-kappab activation in perihematomal brain tissue correlates with outcome in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage[J]. 12:53. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-015-0277-9","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-015-0277-9"},{"issue":"1","key":"9244_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.24354","volume":"98","author":"T Cl\u00e9ment","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cl\u00e9ment T, Rodriguez-Grande B, Badaut J (2020) Aquaporins in brain edema. J Neurosci Res 98(1):9\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jnr.24354","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"9244_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1977.46.1.0024","volume":"46","author":"HJ Reulen","year":"1977","unstructured":"Reulen HJ, Graham R, Spatz M et al (1977) Role of pressure gradients and bulk flow in dynamics of vasogenic brain edema. J Neurosurg 46:24\u201335","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"4","key":"9244_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2004.06.046","volume":"129","author":"AW Unterberg","year":"2004","unstructured":"Unterberg AW, Stover J, Kress B et al (2004) Edema and brain trauma. Neuroscience 129(4):1019\u20131027","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"4","key":"9244_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23335","volume":"92","author":"T Iwai","year":"2014","unstructured":"Iwai T, Sawabe T, Tanimitsu K et al (2014) Glucagon-like peptide-1 protects synaptic and learning functions from neuroinflammation in rodents. J Neurosci Res 92(4):446\u2013454","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"9244_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1993.tb17986.x","volume":"214","author":"R Mentlein","year":"1993","unstructured":"Mentlein R, Gallwitz B, Schmidt WE (1993) Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV hydrolyses gastric inhibitory polypeptide, glucagon-like peptide-1(7\u201336)amide, peptide histidine methionine and is responsible for their degradation in human serum. Eur J Biochem 214(3):829\u2013835","journal-title":"Eur J Biochem"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"9244_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.regpep.2011.01.003","volume":"167","author":"E Tomas","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tomas E, Stanojevic V, Habener JF (2011) GLP-1-derived nonapeptide GLP-1(28\u201336) amide targets to mitochondria and suppresses glucose production and oxidative stress in isolated mouse hepatocytes. Regul Pept 167(2\u20133):177\u2013184","journal-title":"Regul Pept"},{"key":"9244_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.8.1915","volume":"27","author":"H Harder","year":"2004","unstructured":"Harder H, Nielsen L, Tu DT et al (2004) The effect of liraglutide, a long-acting glucagon-like peptide 1 derivative, on glycemic control, body composition, and 24-h energy expenditure in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 27:1915\u20131921","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"9244_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.5.1083","volume":"28","author":"DM Kendall","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kendall DM, Riddle MC, Rosenstock J et al (2005) Effects of Exenatide (exendin-4) on glycemic control over 30 weeks in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin and a sulfonylurea. Diabetes Care 28:1083\u20131091","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"9244_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2013.02.006","volume":"203","author":"SL Badole","year":"2013","unstructured":"Badole SL, Bagul PP, Mahamuni SP et al (2013) Oral l-glutamine increases active GLP-1 (7\u201336) amide secretion and improves glycemic control in stretpozotocin\u2013nicotinamide induced diabetic rats. Chemico-Biol Interact 203(2):530\u2013541","journal-title":"Chemico-Biol Interact"},{"issue":"5","key":"9244_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.4196\/kjpp.2017.21.5.475","volume":"21","author":"Y Fang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fang Y, Liu X, Zhao L et al (2017) RhGLP-1 (7\u201336) protects diabetic rats against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via up-regulating expression of Nrf2\/HO-1 and increasing the activities of SOD. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 21(5):475","journal-title":"Korean J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"9244_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2012.10.002","volume":"698","author":"SL Badole","year":"2013","unstructured":"Badole SL, Mahamuni SP, Bagul PP et al (2013) Cycloart-23-ene-3\u03b2, 25-diol stimulates GLP-1 (7\u201336) amide secretion in streptozotocin\u2013nicotinamide induced diabetic Sprague Dawley rats: a mechanistic approach. Eur J Pharmacol 698(1\u20133):470\u2013479. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejphar.2012.10.002","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"06","key":"9244_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1160\/TH16-07-0586","volume":"117","author":"C Barale","year":"2017","unstructured":"Barale C, Buracco S, Cavalot F et al (2017) Glucagon-like peptide 1-related peptides increase nitric oxide effects to reduce platelet activation. Thromb Haemostasis 117(06):1115\u20131128. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1160\/TH16-07-0586","journal-title":"Thromb Haemostasis"},{"issue":"2","key":"9244_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2015.01.098","volume":"458","author":"Y Yoshino","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yoshino Y, Ishisaka M, Tsujii S et al (2015) Glucagon-like peptide-1 protects the murine hippocampus against stressors via akt and ERK1\/2 signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 458(2):274\u2013279. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbrc.2015.01.098","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"9244_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1186\/cc2950","volume":"9","author":"XC Zhang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zhang XC, Yaming,Jenkins Larry W et al (2005) Bench-to-bedside review: Apoptosis\/programmed cell death triggered by traumatic brain injury. Crit Care 9:66\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/cc2950","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"10","key":"9244_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-200110000-00007","volume":"21","author":"RW Keane","year":"2001","unstructured":"Keane RW, Kraydieh S, Lotocki G et al (2001) Apoptotic and antiapoptotic mechanisms after traumatic brain injury. J Cereb Blood Flow Metabolism 21(10):1189\u20131198. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00004647-200110000-00007","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metabolism"},{"key":"9244_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1385\/NCC:3:2:177","volume":"3","author":"J Wong","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wong J, Hoe NW, Zhiwei F et al (2015) Apoptosis and traumatic brain injury. Neurocrit Care 3:177\u2013182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1385\/NCC:3:2:177","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"9244_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/cc2950","volume":"9","author":"X Zhang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zhang X, Chen Y, Jenkins LW et al (2004) Bench-to-bedside review: Apoptosis\/programmed cell death triggered by traumatic brain injury. Crit Care 9:1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/cc2950","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"9244_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2021.0094","volume":"38","author":"C He","year":"2023","unstructured":"He C, Xu Y, Sun J et al (2023) Autophagy and apoptosis in Acute Brain injuries: from mechanism to treatment. Antioxid Redox Signal 38(1\u20133):234\u2013257. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/ars.2021.0094","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"issue":"2","key":"9244_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.2004.tb00056.x","volume":"14","author":"R Raghupathi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Raghupathi R (2004) Cell death mechanisms following traumatic brain injury. Brain Pathol 14(2):215\u2013222","journal-title":"Brain Pathol"},{"issue":"6","key":"9244_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2007.0398","volume":"25","author":"E Minambres","year":"2008","unstructured":"Minambres E, Ballesteros MA, Mayorga M et al (2008) Cerebral apoptosis in severe traumatic brain injury patients: an in vitro, in vivo, and postmortem study. J Neurotrauma 25(6):581\u2013591. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/neu.2007.0398","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"9244_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2016.08.012","volume":"96","author":"LY Yang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yang LY, Greig NH, Huang YN et al (2016) Post-traumatic administration of the p53 inactivator pifithrin-\u03b1 oxygen analogue reduces hippocampal neuronal loss and improves cognitive deficits after experimental traumatic brain injury. Neurobiol Dis 96:216\u2013226","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"9244_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-002-0649-y","volume":"105","author":"A Wennersten","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wennersten A, Holmin S, Mathiesen T (2003) Characterization of Bax and Bcl-2 in apoptosis after experimental traumatic brain injury in the rat. Acta Neuropathol 105:281\u2013288","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"issue":"5","key":"9244_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1089\/089771503765355504","volume":"20","author":"R Raghupathi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Raghupathi R, Strauss KI, Zhang C et al (2003) Temporal alterations in cellular Bax: Bcl-2 ratio following traumatic brain injury in the rat. J Neurotrauma 20(5):421\u2013435. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/089771503765355504","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"10","key":"9244_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2000.17.831","volume":"17","author":"B GRAHAM S H, CHEN J U N, CLARK R S","year":"2000","unstructured":"GRAHAM S H, CHEN J U N, CLARK R S B (2000) Bcl-2 family gene products in cerebral ischemia and traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma 17(10):831\u2013841. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/n eu.2000.17.831","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"8","key":"9244_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.13.8.813","volume":"13","author":"RSB Clark","year":"1999","unstructured":"Clark RSB, Kochanek PM, Chen M et al (1999) Increases in Bcl-2 and cleavage of caspase-1 and caspase\u20103 in human brain after head injury. FASEB J 13(8):813\u2013821. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1 096\/fasebj.13.8.813","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"issue":"1","key":"9244_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2015.08.092","volume":"466","author":"C Wang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang C, Li Q, Wang W et al (2015) GLP-1 contributes to increases in PGC-1\u03b1 expression by downregulating miR-23a to reduce apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 466(1):33\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbrc.2015.08.092","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"8","key":"9244_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2006.10.001","volume":"1773","author":"JA McCubrey","year":"2007","unstructured":"McCubrey JA, Steelman LS, Chappell WH et al (2007) Roles of the Raf\/MEK\/ERK pathway in cell growth, malignant transformation and drug resistance. Biochim et Biophys Acta (BBA)-Molecular Cell Res 1773(8):1263\u20131284","journal-title":"Biochim et Biophys Acta (BBA)-Molecular Cell Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"9244_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(00)00208-7","volume":"11","author":"A Patapoutian","year":"2001","unstructured":"Patapoutian A, Reichardt LF (2001) Trk receptors: mediators of neurotrophin action. Curr Opin Neurobiol 11(3):272\u2013280","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"key":"9244_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.4077\/CJP.2010.AMK063","volume":"53","author":"CY Huang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Huang CY, Liou YF, Chung SY et al (2010) Role of ERK signaling in the neuroprotective efficacy of magnesium sulfate treatment during focal cerebral ischemia in the gerbil cortex. Chin J Physiol 53:299\u2013309","journal-title":"Chin J Physiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"9244_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2007.04869.x","volume":"103","author":"QL Ma","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ma QL, Harris-White ME, Ubeda OJ et al (2007) Evidence of A\u03b2-and transgene\u2010dependent defects in ERK\u2010CREB signaling in Alzheimer\u2019s models. J Neurochem 103(4):1594\u20131607","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"issue":"5","key":"9244_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceca.2010.11.009","volume":"49","author":"JS Wiegert","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wiegert JS, Bading H (2011) Activity-dependent calcium signaling and ERK-MAP kinases in neurons: a link to structural plasticity of the nucleus and gene transcription regulation. Cell Calcium 49(5):296\u2013305. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ceca.2010.11.009","journal-title":"Cell Calcium"},{"issue":"27","key":"9244_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6983","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0679-08.2008","volume":"28","author":"IS Samuels","year":"2008","unstructured":"Samuels IS, Karlo JC, Faruzzi AN et al (2008) Deletion of ERK2 mitogen-activated protein kinase identifies its key roles in cortical neurogenesis and cognitive function. J Neurosci 28(27):6983\u20136995","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"10","key":"9244_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2014.01.009","volume":"1843","author":"NJ Darling","year":"2014","unstructured":"Darling NJ, Cook SJ (2014) The role of MAPK signalling pathways in the response to endoplasmic reticulum stress. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Molecular Cell Research 1843(10):2150\u20132163","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Molecular Cell Research"},{"issue":"10","key":"9244_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2020.1737137","volume":"45","author":"X Ren","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ren X, Sun L, Wei L et al (2020) Liraglutide Up-regulation thioredoxin attenuated M\u00fcller cells apoptosis in high glucose by regulating oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Curr Eye Res 45(10):1283\u20131291. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02713683.2020.1737137","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"9244_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbapap.2020.140426","volume":"1868","author":"D Madhu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Madhu D, Khadir A, Hammad M et al (2020) The GLP-1 analog exendin-4 modulates HSP72 expression and ERK1\/2 activity in BTC6 mouse pancreatic cells. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Proteins and Proteomics 1868(7):140426","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Proteins and Proteomics"}],"container-title":["Molecular Biology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11033-024-09244-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11033-024-09244-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11033-024-09244-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T20:21:48Z","timestamp":1738700508000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11033-024-09244-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["9244"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11033-024-09244-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-4851","1573-4978"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4851","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-4978","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 October 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 January 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 February 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All authors declare that they have no confict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The study was approved under the ethics by the Ethics Committee of Tangshan Gongren Hospital (Approval No. GRYY-LL-2020-100).\u00a0","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and\u00a0"}},{"value":"The legal and ethical approvals were obtained prior to initiation of the research work carried out on animals, and that the experiments were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"The data provided in the manuscript isapproved by all authors for publication.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}],"article-number":"313"}}