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A better understanding of the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of this bacterium is essential for developing more effective treatments. This study examines the prevalence of\n                      <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      in patient samples from eight hospitals in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, in 2023, focusing on its AmpC \u03b2-lactamase, ESBL, and carbapenemase genotypes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 230\n                      <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      strains were isolated from clinical specimens, including sputum, pus, urine, bronchial lavage fluid, blood, and other fluids. The disk diffusion method detected the presence of these resistance enzymes, while multiplex real-time PCR identified the associated genes. Results showed that 78.7% of isolates produced AmpC \u03b2-lactamase, 21.3% produced ESBL, and 27.0% produced carbapenemase. ESBL-producing strains (90.9%) were more common than AmpC (67.4%) and carbapenemase (45.7%) strains. Additionally, 27.0% of isolates produced multiple resistance enzymes. The most prevalent AmpC gene was DHA (63.5%), while SHV (84.3%), TEM (55.2%), and CTX-M (70.0%) were the most common ESBL genes. OXA-48 (31.3%) was the dominant carbapenemase gene, followed by NDM1 (24.8%) and KPC (9.1%). On average, each strain carried 3.3 resistance genes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study reveals a high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in\n                      <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates from patient samples in Ho Chi Minh City hospitals, notably to third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems.\u00a0These findings highlight the need for ongoing surveillance and improved treatment strategies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-025-10493-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]],"date-time":"2025-04-15T10:54:45Z","timestamp":1744714485000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Characterization of phenotypic and genotypic traits of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains resistant to 3rd generation cephalosporins in hospital settings: A case study in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9868-3430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minh Tuan","family":"Huynh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6542-6147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"My Dung","family":"Jusselme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1672-3292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hung","family":"Van Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tien Dung","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9326-6942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minh Quynh","family":"Chau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"10493_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02724-0","volume":"399","author":"CJ Murray","year":"2022","unstructured":"Murray CJ, Ikuta KS, Sharara F, Swetschinski L, Aguilar GR, Gray A (2022) Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis. 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J Clin Microbiol 48(4):1019\u20131025","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"}],"container-title":["Molecular Biology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11033-025-10493-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11033-025-10493-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11033-025-10493-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,27]],"date-time":"2025-12-27T16:38:51Z","timestamp":1766853531000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11033-025-10493-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10493"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11033-025-10493-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-4851","1573-4978"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4851","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-4978","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 January 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 April 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interest"}},{"value":"Ethics and Consent to Participate: The microbiology laboratory of Nam Khoa Company, Vietnam Institute of Clinical Microbiology Research and Development specializes in receiving samples for analysis from units and hospitals. In addition, the microbial strains are collected through the recommendations of the treating physician and the patient\u2019s consent on the treatment method. The isolated strains are then stored at \u221280\u00a0\u00b0C and used for research on antibacterial properties. This research was approved for implementation by the University of Sciences (Decision Number 1033\/QD-KHTN, dated June 14, 2023). In addition, this research adhered to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (CLSI M100 2023) and the clinical microbiology testing guidelines issued by the Vietnamese Ministry of Health (Decision No. 1539\/QD-BYT, dated April 20, 2017). All experimental protocols were approved by the Vietnamese Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Science and Technology.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"All authors have read the manuscript and consent to publish.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}],"article-number":"396"}}