{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:30:03Z","timestamp":1772119803925,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753920000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753920000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001412","name":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["09\/028(1068)\/2018-EMR-I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["09\/028(1068)\/2018-EMR-I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001412","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001411","name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5\/10\/FR\/10\/2015-RCH"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5\/10\/FR\/10\/2015-RCH"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001411","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Biol Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-025-10882-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T12:59:53Z","timestamp":1753966793000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Men with genetic predisposition face greater fertility challenges when exposed to electromagnetic radiation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0069-7170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samudra","family":"Pal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9074-9490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pranab","family":"Paladhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3475-5175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saurav","family":"Dutta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0178-6614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Papiya","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ratna","family":"Chattopadhyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1703-8446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sujay","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10882_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/13.suppl_1.1","volume":"13","author":"DM de Kretser","year":"1998","unstructured":"de Kretser DM, Loveland KL, Meinhardt A, Simorangkir D, Wreford N (1998) Spermatogenesis Hum Reprod 13(Suppl 1):1\u20138","journal-title":"Spermatogenesis Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"4","key":"10882_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.4103\/1008-682X.178850","volume":"19","author":"S-Y Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu S-Y, Zhang C-J, Peng H-Y, Sun H, Lin K-Q, Huang X-Q et al (2017) Strong association of SLC1A1 and DPF3 gene variants with idiopathic male infertility in Han Chinese. Asian J Androl 19(4):486\u2013492","journal-title":"Asian J Androl"},{"issue":"1","key":"10882_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.3892\/br.2020.1306","volume":"13","author":"Y Yin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yin Y, Zhu P, Luo T, Xia X (2020) Association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in antioxidant genes and their gene-gene interactions with risk of male infertility in a Chinese population. Biomed Rep 13(1):49\u201354","journal-title":"Biomed Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10882_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16041","DOI":"10.4238\/2015.December.7.17","volume":"14","author":"Y Dong","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dong Y, Pan Y, Wang R, Zhang Z, Xi Q, Liu RZ (2015) Copy number variations in spermatogenic failure patients with chromosomal abnormalities and unexplained azoospermia. Genet Mol Res 14(4):16041\u201316049","journal-title":"Genet Mol Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10882_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2013.12.001","volume":"536","author":"DS Mfady","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mfady DS, Sadiq MF, Khabour OF, Fararjeh AS, Abu-Awad A, Khader Y (2014) Associations of variants in MTHFR and MTRR genes with male infertility in the Jordanian population. Gene 536(1):40\u201344","journal-title":"Gene"},{"issue":"2","key":"10882_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2013.11.008","volume":"534","author":"L Yan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yan L, Wu S, Zhang S, Ji G, Gu A (2014) Genetic variants in telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and telomerase-associated protein 1 (TEP1) and the risk of male infertility. Gene 534(2):139\u2013143","journal-title":"Gene"},{"issue":"37","key":"10882_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61637","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.18660","volume":"8","author":"W Jiang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jiang W, Zhu P, Zhang J, Wu Q, Li W, Liu S et al (2017) Polymorphisms of Protamine genes contribute to male infertility susceptibility in the Chinese Han population. Oncotarget 8(37):61637\u201361645","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"6276","key":"10882_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad5196","volume":"351","author":"N Vrielynck","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vrielynck N, Chambon A, Vezon D, Pereira L, Chelysheva L, De Muyt A et al (2016) A DNA topoisomerase VI-like complex initiates meiotic recombination. Science 351(6276):939\u2013943","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"6276","key":"10882_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad5309","volume":"351","author":"T Robert","year":"2016","unstructured":"Robert T, Nore A, Brun C, Maffre C, Crimi B, Bourbon HM et al (2016) The TopoVIB-Like protein family is required for meiotic DNA double-strand break formation. Science 351(6276):943\u2013949","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"8","key":"10882_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-011-9571-3","volume":"28","author":"J Zhang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhang J, Zhou D, Wang H, Tian Z (2011) An association study of SPO11 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms with idiopathic male infertility in Chinese Han population. J Assist Reprod Genet 28(8):731\u2013736","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10882_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2541","volume":"45","author":"A Reynolds","year":"2013","unstructured":"Reynolds A, Qiao H, Yang Y, Chen JK, Jackson N, Biswas K et al (2013) RNF212 is a dosage-sensitive regulator of crossing-over during mammalian meiosis. Nat Genet 45(3):269\u2013278","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10882_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dez042","volume":"34","author":"A Riera-Escamilla","year":"2019","unstructured":"Riera-Escamilla A, Enguita-Marruedo A, Moreno-Mendoza D, Chianese C, Sleddens-Linkels E, Contini E et al (2019) Sequencing of a mouse azoospermia gene panel in azoospermic men: identification of RNF212 and STAG3 mutations as novel genetic causes of meiotic arrest. Hum Reprod 34(6):978\u2013988","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10882_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1159\/000303341","volume":"128","author":"M Alsheimer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Alsheimer M, Baier A, Schramm S, Sch\u00fctz W, Benavente R (2010) Synaptonemal complex protein SYCP3 exists in two isoforms showing different conservation in mammalian evolution. Cytogenet Genome Res 128(1\u20133):162\u2013168","journal-title":"Cytogenet Genome Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10882_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1038\/embor.2011.221","volume":"13","author":"N Hosoya","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hosoya N, Okajima M, Kinomura A, Fujii Y, Hiyama T, Sun J et al (2011) Synaptonemal complex protein SYCP3 impairs mitotic recombination by interfering with BRCA2. EMBO Rep 13(1):44\u201351","journal-title":"EMBO Rep"},{"issue":"9397","key":"10882_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1714","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14845-3","volume":"362","author":"T Miyamoto","year":"2003","unstructured":"Miyamoto T, Hasuike S, Yogev L, Maduro MR, Ishikawa M, Westphal H et al (2003) Azoospermia in patients heterozygous for a mutation in SYCP3. Lancet 362(9397):1714\u20131719","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10882_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2005.12.070","volume":"86","author":"M Aarabi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Aarabi M, Modarressi MH, Soltanghoraee H, Behjati R, Amirjannati N, Akhondi MM (2006) Testicular expression of synaptonemal complex protein 3 (SYCP3) messenger ribonucleic acid in 110 patients with nonobstructive azoospermia. Fertil Steril 86(2):325\u2013331","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"1","key":"10882_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R13","DOI":"10.1530\/RAF-20-0046","volume":"2","author":"MA Emokpae","year":"2021","unstructured":"Emokpae MA, Brown SI (2021) Effects of lifestyle factors on fertility: practical recommendations for modification. Reprod Fertil 2(1):R13\u201326","journal-title":"Reprod Fertil"},{"key":"10882_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-11-66","volume":"11","author":"R Sharma","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sharma R, Biedenharn KR, Fedor JM, Agarwal A (2013) Lifestyle factors and reproductive health: taking control of your fertility. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 11:66","journal-title":"Reprod Biol Endocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10882_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-018-0436-9","volume":"16","author":"A Ilacqua","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ilacqua A, Izzo G, Emerenziani GP, Baldari C, Aversa A (2018) Lifestyle and fertility: the influence of stress and quality of life on male fertility. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 16(1):115","journal-title":"Reprod Biol Endocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10882_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-828X.2009.01119.x","volume":"50","author":"K Anderson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Anderson K, Nisenblat V, Norman R (2010) Lifestyle factors in people seeking infertility treatment - A review. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 50(1):8\u201320","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10882_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dml056","volume":"13","author":"GF Homan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Homan GF, Davies M, Norman R (2007) The impact of lifestyle factors on reproductive performance in the general population and those undergoing infertility treatment: a review. Hum Reprod Update 13(3):209\u2013223","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"10882_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2016.02.025","volume":"91","author":"W Hu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hu W, Chen M, Wu W, Lu J, Zhao D, Pan F et al (2016) Gene-gene and gene-environment interactions on risk of male infertility: focus on the metabolites. Environ Int 91:188\u2013195","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"10882_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2012.11.007","volume":"36","author":"S Kumar","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kumar S (2013) Tobacco and Areca nut chewing\u2013reproductive impairments: an overview. Reprod Toxicol 36:12\u201317","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10882_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2005.03.052","volume":"84","author":"TM Said","year":"2005","unstructured":"Said TM, Ranga G, Agarwal A (2005) Relationship between semen quality and tobacco chewing in men undergoing infertility evaluation. Fertil Steril 84(3):649\u2013653","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"2","key":"10882_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)59369-8","volume":"48","author":"RK Dikshit","year":"1987","unstructured":"Dikshit RK, Buch JG, Mansuri SM (1987) Effect of tobacco consumption on semen quality of a population of hypofertile males. Fertil Steril 48(2):334\u2013336","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10882_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Finelli R, Mottola F, Agarwal A (2021) Impact of alcohol consumption on male fertility potential: A narrative review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 19(1):328","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19010328"},{"issue":"1","key":"10882_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-018-0320-7","volume":"16","author":"A Sansone","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sansone A, Di Dato C, de Angelis C, Menafra D, Pozza C, Pivonello R et al (2018) Smoke, alcohol and drug addiction and male fertility. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 16(1):3","journal-title":"Reprod Biol Endocrinol"},{"key":"10882_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2017.02.024","volume":"51","author":"S Sifakis","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sifakis S, Androutsopoulos VP, Tsatsakis AM, Spandidos DA (2017) Human exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals: effects on the male and female reproductive systems. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 51:56\u201370","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10882_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-018-0431-1","volume":"16","author":"KK Kesari","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kesari KK, Agarwal A, Henkel R (2018) Radiations and male fertility. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 16(1):118","journal-title":"Reprod Biol Endocrinol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10882_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1080\/09553002.2020.1859154","volume":"98","author":"R Gautam","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gautam R, Priyadarshini E, Nirala J, Rajamani P (2022) Impact of nonionizing electromagnetic radiation on male infertility: an assessment of the mechanism and consequences. Int J Radiat Biol 98(6):1063\u20131073","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Biol"},{"key":"10882_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9272804","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/9272804","volume":"2017","author":"S Pietropaolo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pietropaolo S, Crusio WE, Feldon J (2017) Gene-Environment interactions in neurodevelopmental disorders. Neural Plast 2017:9272804","journal-title":"Neural Plast"},{"issue":"3","key":"10882_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2012.14.3\/pchaste","volume":"14","author":"P Chaste","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chaste P, Leboyer M (2012) Autism risk factors: genes, environment, and gene-environment interactions. Dialogues Clin Neurosci 14(3):281\u2013292","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10882_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-017-1086-0","volume":"35","author":"BM Hanson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hanson BM, Aston KI, Jenkins TG, Carrell DT, Hotaling JM (2018) The impact of ejaculatory abstinence on semen analysis parameters: a systematic review. J Assist Reprod Genet 35(2):213\u2013220","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10882_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.5395\/rde.2016.41.2.154","volume":"41","author":"H-Y Kim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim H-Y (2016) Statistical notes for clinical researchers: sample size calculation 2. Comparison of two independent proportions. Restor Dent Endod 41(2):154\u2013156","journal-title":"Restor Dent Endod"},{"key":"10882_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3352\/jeehp.2021.18.17","volume":"18","author":"H Kang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kang H (2021) Sample size determination and power analysis using the G*Power software. J Educ Eval Health Prof 18:17","journal-title":"J Educ Eval Health Prof"},{"key":"10882_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tesarik J (2025) Lifestyle and environmental factors affecting male fertility, individual predisposition, prevention, and intervention. Int J Mol Sci 26(6):2797","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26062797"},{"issue":"3","key":"10882_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1097\/MOU.0000000000000745","volume":"30","author":"U Mann","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mann U, Shiff B, Patel P (2020) Reasons for worldwide decline in male fertility. Curr Opin Urol 30(3):296\u2013301","journal-title":"Curr Opin Urol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10882_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2018.03.016","volume":"110","author":"GL Ver\u00f3n","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ver\u00f3n GL, Tissera AD, Bello R, Beltramone F, Estofan G, Molina RI et al (2018) Impact of age, clinical conditions, and lifestyle on routine semen parameters and sperm kinematics. Fertil Steril 110(1):68\u201375e4","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"5","key":"10882_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155798832412791","DOI":"10.1177\/15579883241279195","volume":"18","author":"S Dutta","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dutta S, Paladhi P, Pal S, Srimani S, Bose G, Ghosh P et al (2024) Screening of the combined risk of genetics and epidemiology on infertility among Indian men: synergistic effect of Azfc partial deletions and habits of smokeless chewing tobacco. Am J Mens Health 18(5):15579883241279196","journal-title":"Am J Mens Health"},{"issue":"Pt B","key":"10882_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2017.06.016","volume":"91","author":"O Shaul","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shaul O (2017) How introns enhance gene expression. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 91(Pt B):145\u2013155","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"10882_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagrm.2019.194439","volume":"1862","author":"CR Neil","year":"2019","unstructured":"Neil CR, Fairbrother WG, Intronic RNA (2019) Ad\u2019junk\u2019 mediator of post-transcriptional gene regulation. Biochim Biophys Acta Gene Regul Mech 1862(11\u201312):194439","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Gene Regul Mech"},{"issue":"4","key":"10882_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2006.12.022","volume":"88","author":"J-G Yan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Yan J-G, Agresti M, Bruce T, Yan YH, Granlund A, Matloub HS (2007) Effects of cellular phone emissions on sperm motility in rats. Fertil Steril 88(4):957\u2013964","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"2","key":"10882_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1017\/S096719942100037X","volume":"30","author":"R Sciorio","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sciorio R, Tramontano L, Esteves SC (2022) Effects of mobile phone radiofrequency radiation on sperm quality. Zygote 30(2):159\u2013168","journal-title":"Zygote"},{"issue":"1","key":"10882_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.01.166","volume":"89","author":"A Agarwal","year":"2008","unstructured":"Agarwal A, Deepinder F, Sharma RK, Ranga G, Li J (2008) Effect of cell phone usage on semen analysis in men attending infertility clinic: an observational study. Fertil Steril 89(1):124\u2013128","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"7","key":"10882_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2009.01.135","volume":"93","author":"D Mukhopadhyay","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mukhopadhyay D, Varghese AC, Pal M, Banerjee SK, Bhattacharyya AK, Sharma RK et al (2010) Semen quality and age-specific changes: a study between two decades on 3,729 male partners of couples with normal sperm count and attending an andrology laboratory for infertility-related problems in an Indian City. Fertil Steril 93(7):2247\u20132254","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"4","key":"10882_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.08.022","volume":"92","author":"A Agarwal","year":"2009","unstructured":"Agarwal A, Desai NR, Makker K, Varghese A, Mouradi R, Sabanegh E et al (2009) Effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic waves (RF-EMW) from cellular phones on human ejaculated semen: an in vitro pilot study. Fertil Steril 92(4):1318\u20131325","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"}],"container-title":["Molecular Biology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11033-025-10882-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11033-025-10882-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11033-025-10882-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,28]],"date-time":"2025-12-28T04:27:54Z","timestamp":1766896074000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11033-025-10882-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10882"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11033-025-10882-9","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-6944182\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0301-4851","1573-4978"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4851","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-4978","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 June 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 July 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 July 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The present study protocol was reviewed and approved by the institutional review board of University of Calcutta, West Bengal, Kolkata, India (Dated 04\/12\/2017; Approval No. CU\/BIOETHICS\/HUMAN\/2306\/3044). We followed the criteria outlined in the \u201cDeclaration of Helsinki\u201d and the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR). Informed written consent was submitted by all subjects when they were enrolled.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not Applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Animal research"}},{"value":"Not Applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Clinical trials"}}],"article-number":"773"}}