{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T02:09:58Z","timestamp":1769566198330,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769472000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769472000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Ramalingaswami fellowship program of Department of Biotechnology, India","award":["BT\/RLF\/Re-entry\/41\/2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BT\/RLF\/Re-entry\/41\/2015"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Biol Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-026-11499-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T12:52:59Z","timestamp":1769518379000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Molecular reprogramming of Streptococcus pyogenes virulence by sub-inhibitory antibiotic exposure"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Amrita","family":"Bhagwat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8071-2731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sunil D.","family":"Saroj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"11499_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/femsle\/fnab079","volume":"368","author":"R Banerji","year":"2021","unstructured":"Banerji R, Saroj SD (2021) Interspecies signaling affects virulence related morphological characteristics of Streptococcus pyogenes M3. FEMS Microbiol Lett 368:1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/femsle\/fnab079","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"key":"11499_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10060776","author":"N Siemens","year":"2021","unstructured":"Siemens N, L\u00fctticken R (2021) Streptococcus pyogenes (\u2018Group A Streptococcus\u2019), a highly adapted human pathogen\u2014potential implications of its virulence regulation for epidemiology and disease management. Pathogens. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pathogens10060776","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"issue":"10","key":"11499_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2979","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.11.001","volume":"29","author":"IH Wierzbicki","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wierzbicki IH et al (2019) Group A streptococcal S protein utilizes red blood cells as immune camouflage and is a critical determinant for immune evasion. Cell Rep 29(10):2979-2989.e15. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.11.001","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"11499_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.760255","volume":"12","author":"AF Johnson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Johnson AF, LaRock CN (2021) Antibiotic treatment, mechanisms for failure, and adjunctive therapies for infections by group A Streptococcus. Front. Microbiol. 12:760255. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2021.760255","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"11499_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3270","volume":"12","author":"DI Andersson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Andersson DI, Hughes D (2014) Microbiological effects of sublethal levels of antibiotics. Nat Rev Microbiol 12(7):465\u2013478. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrmicro3270","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"11499_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Marloes H, Stanley B (May 2018) Influence of reactive oxygen species on de Novo acquisition of resistance to bactericidal antibiotics. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 62(6). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aac.02354-17","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.02354-17"},{"issue":"4","key":"11499_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1093\/femsre\/fuu009","volume":"39","author":"A Henningham","year":"2015","unstructured":"Henningham A, D\u00f6hrmann S, Nizet V, Cole JN (2015) Mechanisms of group A Streptococcus resistance to reactive oxygen species. FEMS Microbiol Rev 39(4):488\u2013508. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/femsre\/fuu009","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"11499_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.000492","volume":"66","author":"G Bhattacharya","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bhattacharya G, Dey D, Das S, Banerjee A (2017) Exposure to sub-inhibitory concentrations of gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and cefotaxime induces multidrug resistance and reactive oxygen species generation in meticillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. J Med Microbiol 66(6):762\u2013769. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/jmm.0.000492","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"11499_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-01267-5","volume":"7","author":"A Sugimoto","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sugimoto A, Maeda A, Itto K, Arimoto H (2017) Deciphering the mode of action of cell wall-inhibiting antibiotics using metabolic labeling of growing peptidoglycan in Streptococcus pyogenes. Sci. Rep. 7(1):1129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-017-01267-5","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"3","key":"11499_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000542","volume":"32","author":"JJ Evans","year":"2019","unstructured":"Evans JJ, Bolz DD (2019) Regulation of virulence and antibiotic resistance in gram-positive microbes in response to cell wall-active antibiotics. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. 32(3):217\u2013222. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000542","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"48","key":"11499_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41368","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.286690","volume":"286","author":"S Agarwal","year":"2011","unstructured":"Agarwal S, Agarwal S, Pancholi P, Pancholi V (2011) Role of serine\/threonine phosphatase (SP-STP) in Streptococcus pyogenes physiology and virulence. J Biol Chem 286(48):41368\u201341380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M111.286690","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"5","key":"11499_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2006.01.020","volume":"357","author":"H Jin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jin H, Pancholi V (2006) Identification and biochemical characterization of a eukaryotic-type serine\/threonine kinase and its cognate phosphatase in Streptococcus pyogenes: their biological functions and substrate identification. J Mol Biol 357(5):1351\u20131372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmb.2006.01.020","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"issue":"9","key":"11499_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0108197","volume":"9","author":"C Zheng","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zheng C et al (2014) Two Spx regulators modulate stress tolerance and virulence in Streptococcus suis serotype 2. PLoS One 9(9):e108197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0108197","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"11499_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1007\/s00248-021-01926-1","volume":"84","author":"R Banerji","year":"2022","unstructured":"Banerji R, Saroj SD (2022) Exposure to acyl homoserine lactone enhances survival of Streptococcus pyogenes in murine macrophages. Microb Ecol 84(4):1256\u20131263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00248-021-01926-1","journal-title":"Microb Ecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"11499_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1080\/26415275.2020.1796674","volume":"7","author":"P Parvekar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Parvekar P, Palaskar J, Metgud S, Maria R, Dutta S (2020) The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of silver nanoparticles against Staphylococcus aureus. Biomater Investig Dent 7(1):105\u2013109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/26415275.2020.1796674","journal-title":"Biomater Investig Dent"},{"key":"11499_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2023.106117","volume":"179","author":"T Haldar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Haldar T, Joshi R, Saroj SD (2023) Antibiotics modulates the virulence of Neisseria meningitidis by regulating capsule synthesis. Microb Pathog 179:106117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micpath.2023.106117","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"11499_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kimberly L et al (2020) The NtrYX Two-Component System Regulates the Bacterial Cell Envelope, MBio, vol. 11, no. 3, p. 10.1128\/mbio.00957\u2009\u2013\u200920, May https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/mbio.00957-20","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.00957-20"},{"key":"11499_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.11.008","volume":"207","author":"W Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu W, Tan M, Zhang C, Xu Z, Li L, Zhou R (2018) Functional characterization of murB-potABCD operon for polyamine uptake and peptidoglycan synthesis in Streptococcus suis. Microbiol Res 207:177\u2013187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micres.2017.11.008","journal-title":"Microbiol Res"},{"issue":"21","key":"11499_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3472","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.00541-15","volume":"197","author":"B Michael","year":"2015","unstructured":"Michael B, Erkin K, T. RJ, S. VM, V. BY, E. WM (2015) Minimal peptidoglycan (PG) turnover in wild-type and PG hydrolase and cell division mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae D39 growing planktonically and in host-relevant biofilms. J Bacteriol 197(21):3472\u20133485. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jb.00541-15","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"2","key":"11499_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/omi.12360","volume":"37","author":"R Banerji","year":"2022","unstructured":"Banerji R, Iyer P, Saroj SD (2022) Spermidine enhances the survival of Streptococcus pyogenes M3 under oxidative stress. Mol Oral Microbiol 37(2):53\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/omi.12360","journal-title":"Mol Oral Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"11499_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(71)90370-8","volume":"44","author":"C Beauchamp","year":"1971","unstructured":"Beauchamp C, Fridovich I (1971) Superoxide dismutase: improved assays and an assay applicable to acrylamide gels. Anal Biochem 44(1):276\u2013287. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0003-2697(71)90370-8","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"11499_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1385\/0-89603-268-X:9","volume":"32","author":"NJ Kruger","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kruger NJ (1994) The Bradford method for protein quantitation. Methods Mol Biol 32:9\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1385\/0-89603-268-X:9","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"11499_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","volume":"25","author":"KJ Livak","year":"2001","unstructured":"Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD (2001) Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2\u2009\u2013 \u2206\u2206CT method. Methods 25(4):402\u2013408. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","journal-title":"Methods"},{"issue":"11","key":"11499_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1011013","volume":"18","author":"JR Hurst","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hurst JR, Shannon BA, Craig HC, Rishi A, Tuffs SW, McCormick JK (2022) The Streptococcus pyogenes hyaluronic acid capsule promotes experimental nasal and skin infection by preventing neutrophil-mediated clearance. PLoS Pathog 18(11):e1011013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1011013","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"20","key":"11499_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14568","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)82366-3","volume":"268","author":"PL DeAngelis","year":"1993","unstructured":"DeAngelis PL, Papaconstantinou J, Weigel PH (1993) Isolation of a Streptococcus pyogenes gene locus that directs hyaluronan biosynthesis in acapsular mutants and in heterologous bacteria. J Biol Chem 268(20):14568\u201314571","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"11499_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb-2019-0002","volume":"14","author":"ARP Tierney","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tierney ARP, Rather PN (2019) Roles of two-component regulatory systems in antibiotic resistance. Future Microbiol 14:533\u2013552. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2217\/fmb-2019-0002","journal-title":"Future Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"11499_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1556\/030.65.2018.026","volume":"65","author":"A \u0160mitran","year":"2018","unstructured":"\u0160mitran A et al (2018) Influence of subinhibitory antibiotic concentration on streptococcus pyogenes adherence and biofilm production. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung 65(2):229\u2013240. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/030.65.2018.026","journal-title":"Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung"},{"issue":"11","key":"11499_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2817","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.42.11.2817","volume":"42","author":"K Ohlsen","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ohlsen K, Ziebuhr W, Koller KP, Hell W, Wichelhaus TA, Hacker J (1998) Effects of subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics on alpha-toxin (hla) gene expression of methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 42(11):2817\u20132823. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AAC.42.11.2817","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"1","key":"11499_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-024-01511-2","volume":"22","author":"N Aboelnaga","year":"2024","unstructured":"Aboelnaga N et al (2024) Deciphering the dynamics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation: from molecular signaling to nanotherapeutic advances. Cell Commun Signal 22(1):188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12964-024-01511-2","journal-title":"Cell Commun Signal"},{"issue":"5","key":"11499_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.42.5.1266","volume":"42","author":"S Dennis","year":"1998","unstructured":"Dennis S, Madaras-Kelly K, David R (1998) In vitro antimicrobial effects of various combinations of penicillin and clindamycin against four strains of Streptococcus pyogenes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 42(5):1266\u20131268. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aac.42.5.1266","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"9","key":"11499_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/S0929-6646(08)60112-6","volume":"107","author":"C Chiang-Ni","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chiang-Ni C, Wu J-J (2008) Effects of Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B on pathogenesis of Streptococcus pyogenes. J Formos Med Assoc 107(9):677\u2013685. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0929-6646(08)60112-6","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"key":"11499_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1293095","volume":"13","author":"S Faozia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Faozia S, Hossain T, Cho KH (2023) The Dlt and LiaFSR systems derepress SpeB production independently in the \u2206pde2 mutant of Streptococcus pyogenes. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 13:1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1293095","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"11499_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"M\u00fcllebner A, Dorighello GG, Kozlov AV, Duvigneau JC Interaction between Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species, Heme Oxygenase, and Nitric Oxide Synthase Stimulates Phagocytosis in Macrophages, Front. Med., vol. Volume 4-, 2018, [Online]. Available: https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/medicine\/articles\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2017.00252","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2017.00252"},{"issue":"5","key":"11499_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-765X.2004.01509.x","volume":"38","author":"A Nostro","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nostro A, Cannatelli MA, Crisafi G, Musolino AD, Procopio F, Alonzo V (2004) Modifications of hydrophobicity, in vitro adherence and cellular aggregation of Streptococcus mutans by helichrysum italicum extract. Lett Appl Microbiol 38(5):423\u2013427. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1472-765X.2004.01509.x","journal-title":"Lett Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"11499_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.00771-24","author":"Y-A Shi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shi Y-A et al (2024) Capsule-deficient group A Streptococcus evades autophagy-mediated killing in macrophages. MBio. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/mbio.00771-24","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"11499_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.GPP3-0049-2018","author":"B Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang B, Cleary PP (2019) Intracellular invasion by Streptococcus pyogenes: invasins, host receptors, and relevance to human disease. Microbiol Spectr. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/microbiolspec.GPP3-0049-2018","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"11499_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lucilla B et al (2006) Therapeutic Failures of Antibiotics Used To Treat Macrolide-Susceptible Streptococcus pyogenes Infections May Be Due to Biofilm Formation, J. Clin. Microbiol., vol. 44, no. 8, pp. 2721\u20132727, Aug. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.00512-06","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00512-06"},{"issue":"4","key":"11499_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.4161\/viru.23987","volume":"4","author":"SS Grant","year":"2013","unstructured":"Grant SS, Hung DT (2013) Persistent bacterial infections, antibiotic tolerance, and the oxidative stress response. Virulence 4(4):273\u2013283. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4161\/viru.23987","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"issue":"11","key":"11499_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2005.04.012","volume":"7","author":"K Nakano","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nakano K, Fujita K, Nishimura K, Nomura R, Ooshima T (2005) Contribution of biofilm regulatory protein A of Streptococcus mutans, to systemic virulence. Microbes Infect 7(11):1246\u20131255. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micinf.2005.04.012","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"issue":"10","key":"11499_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4201","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.05360-11","volume":"79","author":"B Julia","year":"2011","unstructured":"Julia B, B. J. F, J. A. F, J. R. S (2011) Serine\/Threonine protein kinase Stk is required for virulence, stress response, and penicillin tolerance in Streptococcus pyogenes. Infect Immun 79(10):4201\u20134209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/iai.05360-11","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"11499_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-38210-4","author":"J Tang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tang J et al (2023) A link between STK signalling and capsular polysaccharide synthesis in Streptococcus suis. Nat Commun. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-023-38210-4","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"16","key":"11499_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4153","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.00061-11","volume":"193","author":"K Jens","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jens K, Zhiyun C, Joseph F, Horst M (2011) Counteractive balancing of transcriptome expression involving CodY and CovRS in Streptococcus pyogenes. J Bacteriol 193(16):4153\u20134165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jb.00061-11","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"}],"container-title":["Molecular Biology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11033-026-11499-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11033-026-11499-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11033-026-11499-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T12:53:00Z","timestamp":1769518380000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11033-026-11499-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["11499"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11033-026-11499-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-4851","1573-4978"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4851","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-4978","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 September 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"No human or animal subjects were included in this study. Hence, no ethics approval was required.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"No human subjects were involved in the study; therefore, consent to participate is not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"All the authors have read the manuscript and have consent to publish.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publish"}}],"article-number":"327"}}