{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:31:13Z","timestamp":1770078673554,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Biol Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-026-11517-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T12:13:23Z","timestamp":1770034403000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Frequency of CIT, EBC and DHA flocks (families) of AmpC beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae collected from hospitalized patients in North of Iran"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Betiar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehrdad","family":"Gholami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Karimbakhsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Samadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Faezeh","family":"Elahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2932-1911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamid Reza","family":"Goli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"11517_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chang D, Sharma L, Dela Cruz CS, Zhang D (2021) Clinical epidemiology, risk factors, and control strategies of Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. Front Microbiol 12:750662","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.750662"},{"key":"11517_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mortazavi SM, Navidifar T, Bazdar M, Qomi AN, Ghasemi M, Khoshnood S, Baravati RB, Abdi M, Shahi F (2025) Molecular detection of AmpC beta-lactamase genes involved in antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from intensive care unit patients of Pasteur Hospital in Bam City, Iran. Indian J Med Specialities. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/injms.injms_165_24","DOI":"10.4103\/injms.injms_165_24"},{"key":"11517_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liao Y, Gong J, Yuan X, Wang X, Huang Y, Chen X (2024) Virulence factors and carbapenem-resistance mechanisms in hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae. Infect Drug Resist. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IDR.S461903","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S461903"},{"key":"11517_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shah AA, Alwashmi AS, Abalkhail A, Alkahtani AM (2025) Emerging challenges in Klebsiella pneumoniae: antimicrobial resistance and novel approach. Microb Pathog. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107399"},{"key":"11517_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang G, Zhao G, Chao X, Xie L, Wang H (2020) The characteristic of virulence, biofilm and antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Int J Environ Res Public Health 17(17):6278","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17176278"},{"key":"11517_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nepal K, Pant ND, Neupane B, Belbase A, Baidhya R, Shrestha RK, Lekhak B, Bhatta DR, Jha B (2017) Extended spectrum beta-lactamase and metallo beta-lactamase production among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from different clinical samples in a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 16(1):62","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-017-0236-7"},{"key":"11517_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P\u00e4iv\u00e4rinta M, Latvio S, Fredriksson-Ahomaa M, Heikinheimo A (2020) Whole genome sequence analysis of antimicrobial resistance genes, multilocus sequence types and plasmid sequences in ESBL\/AmpC Escherichia coli isolated from broiler caecum and meat. Int J Food Microbiol 315:108361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2019.108361"},{"key":"11517_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Papanicolaou G, Medeiros A, Jacoby GA (1990) Novel plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase (MIR-1) conferring resistance to oxyimino-and alpha-methoxy beta-lactams in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 34(11):2200\u20132209","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.34.11.2200"},{"key":"11517_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tamma PD, Doi Y, Bonomo RA, Johnson JK, Simner PJ, RA ARLGTPDYB: A primer on AmpC \u03b2-lactamases: necessary knowledge for an increasingly multidrug-resistant world. Clinical infectious diseases 2019, 69(8):1446\u20131455.","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz173"},{"key":"11517_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e12245","author":"Q Zhou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhou Q, Tang M, Zhang X, Lu J, Tang X, Gao Y (2022) Detection of AmpC \u03b2-lactamases in gram-negative bacteria. Heliyon. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e12245","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"6","key":"11517_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dky084","volume":"73","author":"R Kohlmann","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kohlmann R, B\u00e4hr T, Gatermann SG (2018) Species-specific mutation rates for ampC derepression in Enterobacterales with chromosomally encoded inducible AmpC \u03b2-lactamase. J Antimicrob Chemother 73(6):1530\u20131536","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"1","key":"11517_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.flm.2018.01.001","volume":"2","author":"G Rajivgandhi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rajivgandhi G, Maruthupandy M, Ramachandran G, Priyanga M, Manoharan N (2018) Detection of ESBL genes from ciprofloxacin resistant Gram negative bacteria isolated from urinary tract infections (UTIs). Front Lab Med 2(1):5\u201313","journal-title":"Front Lab Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"11517_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms13030508","volume":"13","author":"B Bedeni\u0107","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bedeni\u0107 B, Pospi\u0161il M, Na\u0111 M, Bandi\u0107 Pavlovi\u0107 D (2025) Evolution of \u03b2-lactam antibiotic resistance in Proteus species: from extended-spectrum and plasmid-mediated AmpC \u03b2-lactamases to carbapenemases. Microorganisms 13(3):508","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"11517_CR14","volume-title":"Bailey & Scott's diagnostic microbiology-E-Book","author":"P Tille","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tille P (2015) Bailey & Scott\u2019s diagnostic microbiology-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences"},{"key":"11517_CR15","unstructured":"CLSI: Clinical and laboratory standards institute (CLSI). Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing: 35th ed. CLSI supplement M100-S35 (ISBN 978-1-68440-262-5; 2025., vol. 45; 2025."},{"issue":"3","key":"11517_CR16","first-page":"373","volume":"15","author":"K Faghihi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Faghihi K, Tajbakhsh S, Fouladvand M, Latifi B, Yousefi F (2023) Detection of plasmid-mediated AmpC \u03b2-lactamases in Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates from Bushehr province, Iran. Iran J Microbiol 15(3):373","journal-title":"Iran J Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"11517_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-777X.246391","volume":"10","author":"S Balasubramanian","year":"2018","unstructured":"Balasubramanian S, Kuppuswamy D, Padmanabhan S, Chandramohan V, Amperayani S (2018) Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing community-acquired urinary tract infections in children: chart review of risk factors. J Glob Infect Dis 10(4):222\u2013225","journal-title":"J Glob Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"11517_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-019-1975-9","volume":"15","author":"RS Gundran","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gundran RS, Cardenio PA, Villanueva MA, Sison FB, Benigno CC, Kreausukon K, Pichpol D, Punyapornwithaya V (2019) Prevalence and distribution of bla CTX-M, blaSHV, blaTEM genes in extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase-producing E. coli isolates from broiler farms in the Philippines. BMC Vet Res 15(1):227","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"},{"key":"11517_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pishtiwan AH, Khadija KM (2019) Prevalence of  blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes among ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolated from thalassemia patients in Erbil, Iraq. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 11(1):e2019041","DOI":"10.4084\/mjhid.2019.041"},{"key":"11517_CR20","unstructured":"Gavriliu L, Benea O, Benea S (2016) Antimicrobial resistance temporal trend of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from blood. J Med Life 9(4):419"},{"key":"11517_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ball\u00e9n V, Gabasa Y, Ratia C, Ortega R, Tejero M, Soto S (2021) Antibiotic resistance and virulence profiles of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from different clinical sources. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 11:738223","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.738223"},{"key":"11517_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dousari AS, Satarzadeh N (2021) The spread of carbapenemase genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae in Iran: a systematic review. Int J Basic Sci Med 6(1):1\u201310","DOI":"10.34172\/ijbsm.2021.01"},{"issue":"7","key":"11517_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5565","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-023-08476-4","volume":"50","author":"M Hashemian","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hashemian M, Kazemian H, Kaviar VH, Karamolahi S, Nazari A, Bagheri MR, Sadeghifard N, Khoshnood S (2023) Nosocomial infections and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among patients admitted to intensive care unit of Imam Khomeini hospital in Ilam, Iran. Mol Biol Rep 50(7):5565\u20135574","journal-title":"Mol Biol Rep"},{"key":"11517_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ayatollahi J, Sharifyazdi M, Fadakarfard R, Shahcheraghi SH (2020) Antibiotic resistance pattern of Klebsiella pneumoniae in obtained samples from Ziaee Hospital of Ardakan, Yazd, Iran during 2016 to 2017. Iberoam J Med 2(2):32\u201336","DOI":"10.53986\/ibjm.2020.0008"},{"key":"11517_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Helmy MM, Wasfi R (2014) Phenotypic and molecular characterization of plasmid mediated AmpC \u03b2-lactamases among Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp, and Proteus mirabilis isolated from urinary tract infections in Egyptian hospitals. Biomed Res Int 2014(1):171548","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/171548"},{"key":"11517_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Palmieri M, Schicklin S, Pelegrin AC, Chatellier S, Franceschi C, Mirande C, Park Y-J, Van Belkum A (2018) Phenotypic and genomic characterization of AmpC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae from Korea. Ann Lab Med 38(4):367\u2013370","DOI":"10.3343\/alm.2018.38.4.367"},{"key":"11517_CR27","unstructured":"Gupta V, Kumarasamy K, Gulati N, Garg R, Krishnan P, Chander J (2012) AmpC \u03b2-lactamases in nosocomial isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae from India. Indian J Med Res 136(2):237\u2013241"},{"key":"11517_CR28","unstructured":"Manoharan A, Sugumar M, Kumar A, Jose H, Mathai D, group I-Es (2012) Phenotypic & molecular characterization of AmpC \u03b2-lactamases among Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp & Enterobacter spp. from five Indian Medical Centers. Indian J Med Res 135(3):359\u2013364"},{"issue":"3","key":"11517_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0091396","volume":"9","author":"EA Reuland","year":"2014","unstructured":"Reuland EA, Hays JP, de Jongh DM, Abdelrehim E, Willemsen I, Kluytmans JA, Savelkoul PH, Vandenbroucke-Grauls CM, al Naiemi N (2014) Detection and occurrence of plasmid-mediated AmpC in highly resistant gram-negative rods. PLoS One 9(3):e91396","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"11517_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yilmaz N, Agus N, Bozcal E, Oner O, Uzel A (2013) Detection of plasmid-mediated AmpC \u03b2-lactamase Escherichia coli in and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Indian J Med Microbiol 31(1):53\u201359","DOI":"10.4103\/0255-0857.108723"},{"issue":"1","key":"11517_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-017-2784-5","volume":"10","author":"S Rai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rai S, Pant ND, Bhandari R, Giri A, Parajuli R, Aryal M, Amatya J, Sharma VK (2017) AmpC and extended spectrum beta-lactamases production among urinary isolates from a tertiary care hospital in Lalitpur, Nepal. BMC Res Notes 10(1):467","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"issue":"4","key":"11517_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00073-07","volume":"46","author":"Y Li","year":"2008","unstructured":"Li Y, Li Q, Du Y, Jiang X, Tang J, Wang J, Li G, Jiang Y (2008) Prevalence of plasmid-mediated AmpC \u03b2-lactamases in a Chinese university hospital from 2003 to 2005: first report of CMY-2-type AmpC \u03b2-lactamase resistance in China. J Clin Microbiol 46(4):1317\u20131321","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"11517_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tan TY, Ng LSY, He J, Koh TH, Hsu LY (2009) Evaluation of screening methods to detect plasmid-mediated AmpC in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 53(1):146\u2013149","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00862-08"},{"key":"11517_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zorgani A, Daw H, Sufya N, Bashein A, Elahmer O, Chouchani C (2017) Co-occurrence of plasmid-mediated AmpC \u03b2-lactamase activity among Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. Open Microbiol J 11:195","DOI":"10.2174\/1874285801711010195"},{"issue":"3","key":"11517_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmhg.2015.03.001","volume":"16","author":"SA El-Hady","year":"2015","unstructured":"El-Hady SA, Adel LA (2015) Occurrence and detection of AmpC \u03b2-lactamases among Enterobacteriaceae isolates from patients at Ain Shams University Hospital. Egypt J Med Hum Genet 16(3):239\u2013244","journal-title":"Egypt J Med Hum Genet"},{"issue":"4","key":"11517_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1556\/030.64.2017.028","volume":"64","author":"R Ghanavati","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ghanavati R, Darban-Sarokhalil D, Navab-Moghadam F, Kazemian H, Irajian G, Razavi S (2017) First report of coexistence of AmpC beta-lactamase genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from burn patients. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung 64(4):455\u2013462","journal-title":"Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung"},{"key":"11517_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Japoni-Nejad A, Ghaznavi-Rad E, van Belkum A (2014) Characterization of plasmid-mediated AmpC and carbapenemases among Iranain nosocomial isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae using phenotyping and genotyping methods. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 5(6):333\u2013338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrp.2014.09.003"},{"key":"11517_CR38","unstructured":"Mansouri S, Kalantar D, Asadollahi P, Taherikalani M, Emaneini M (2012) Characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains producing extended spectrum beta-lactamases and AMPC type beta-lactamases isolated from hospitalized patients in Kerman, Iran. Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol 71(2):81\u201386"},{"issue":"7","key":"11517_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3110","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.7.3110-3113.2005","volume":"43","author":"JA Black","year":"2005","unstructured":"Black JA, Moland ES, Thomson KS (2005) AmpC disk test for detection of plasmid-mediated AmpC \u03b2-lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae lacking chromosomal AmpC \u03b2-lactamases. J Clin Microbiol 43(7):3110\u20133113","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"11517_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rizi KS, Mosavat A, Youssefi M, Jamehdar SA, Ghazvini K, Safdari H, Amini Y, Farsiani H (2020) High prevalence of blaCMY AmpC beta-lactamase in ESBL co-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. clinical isolates in the northeast of Iran. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 22:477\u2013482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2020.03.011"},{"key":"11517_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pai H, Kang C-I, Byeon J-H, Lee K-D, Park WB, Kim H-B, Kim E-C, Oh M-d, Choe K-W (2004) Epidemiology and clinical features of bloodstream infections caused by AmpC-type-\u03b2-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 48(10):3720\u20133728","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.10.3720-3728.2004"},{"key":"11517_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thoms Rodriguez C-A, Dawson F, Cameron J, Seah C, Reid M, Melano RG, Gossell-Williams M (2022) Prevalence and distribution of ampc beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates obtained from urine samples at a tertiary care hospital in the caribbean. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 12:1015633","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.1015633"},{"key":"11517_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li Y, Kumar S, Zhang L (2024) Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance and developments in therapeutic strategies to combat Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. Infect Drug Resist. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IDR.S453025","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S453025"},{"key":"11517_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jahantabi A, Hosseini F, Asgharzadeh M, Akhavan Sepehi A, Samadi Kafil H: Prevalence of AmpC and Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli Isolates. Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal (IRCMJ) 2020, 22(2):-.","DOI":"10.5812\/ircmj.96842"},{"issue":"123","key":"11517_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.30699\/jambs.27.123.23","volume":"27","author":"M Ghane","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ghane M, Babaeekhou L, Jafar Shanjani M (2019) AmpC \u03b2 lactamases in urinary Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates: first report of ACC type AmpC \u03b2-lactamase resistance in Iran. Journal of Advances in Medical and Biomedical Research 27(123):23\u201330","journal-title":"Journal of Advances in Medical and Biomedical Research"},{"key":"11517_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huynh MT, Jusselme MD, Van Pham H, Nguyen TD, Chau MQ: Characterization of phenotypic and genotypic traits of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains resistant to 3rd generation cephalosporins in hospital settings: A case study in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Molecular Biology Reports 2025, 52(1):1\u201313.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-025-10493-4"},{"key":"11517_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roberts T, Ling CL, Watthanaworawit W, Cheav C, Sengduangphachanh A, Silisouk J, Hopkins J, Phommasone K, Batty EM, Turner P: AmpC \u03b2-lactamases detected in Southeast Asian Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance 2024, 6(6):dlae195.","DOI":"10.1093\/jacamr\/dlae195"}],"container-title":["Molecular Biology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11033-026-11517-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11033-026-11517-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11033-026-11517-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T12:13:26Z","timestamp":1770034406000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11033-026-11517-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["11517"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11033-026-11517-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-4851","1573-4978"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4851","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-4978","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Informed consent for the publication of study data was obtained from all individual participants included in the research.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Ethical approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran (Approval Code: IR.MAZUMS.REC.1402.494). The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all adult participants. For minors or legally protected persons, consent was provided by a parent or legal guardian. All participant data were anonymized and maintained confidentially. The nature and objectives of the research were fully explained to all participants, who were informed of their right to withdraw at any time without prejudice.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate"}}],"article-number":"346"}}