{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T13:14:45Z","timestamp":1778764485522,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778716800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Biol Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-026-11912-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T11:16:42Z","timestamp":1778757402000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A review of genetic and epigenetic biomarkers involved in the occurrence of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome and its therapeutic strategies"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Mohamadreza","family":"Tohidi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahan","family":"Mohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10364","key":"11912_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01202-8","volume":"400","author":"M Michael","year":"2022","unstructured":"Michael M et al (2022) Haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Lancet 400(10364):1722\u20131740","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"11912_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S44","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.26854","volume":"98","author":"J Leon","year":"2023","unstructured":"Leon J et al (2023) Complement-driven hemolytic uremic syndrome. Am J Hematol 98:S44\u2013S56","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"issue":"1","key":"11912_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins15010010","volume":"15","author":"Y Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu Y et al (2022) Diagnosis and treatment for Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli associated hemolytic uremic syndrome. Toxins 15(1):10","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"issue":"8","key":"11912_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.14304","volume":"29","author":"C Licht","year":"2024","unstructured":"Licht C et al (2024) Characterization of patients with aHUS and associated triggers or clinical conditions: A Global aHUS Registry analysis. Nephrology 29(8):519\u2013527","journal-title":"Nephrology"},{"issue":"2","key":"11912_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-024-03771-7","volume":"98","author":"K Doshi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Doshi K et al (2025) Extrarenal manifestations of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatr Res 98(2):491\u2013497","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"11912_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2233","DOI":"10.2147\/JMDH.S245620","volume":"16","author":"K Yerigeri","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yerigeri K, Kadatane S, Mongan K, Boyer O, Burke LLG, Sethi SK, Licht C, Raina R (2023) Atypical Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome: Genetic Basis, Clinical Manifestations, and a Multidisciplinary Approach to Management. J Multidiscip Healthc 16:2233\u20132249","journal-title":"J Multidiscip Healthc"},{"issue":"7","key":"11912_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2527","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14072527","volume":"14","author":"R-G Bogdan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bogdan R-G et al (2025) Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome: A Review of Complement Dysregulation, Genetic Susceptibility and Multiorgan Involvement. J Clin Med 14(7):2527","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"11912_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-021-05372-6","volume":"37","author":"WD Wood","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wood WD et al (2022) The roles of homocysteinemia and methylmalonic acidemia in kidney injury in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome caused by cobalamin C deficiency. Pediatr Nephrol 37(6):1415\u20131418","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"issue":"7","key":"11912_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-022-05451-2","volume":"37","author":"R Raina","year":"2022","unstructured":"Raina R et al (2022) Systematic review of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome biomarkers. Pediatr Nephrol 37(7):1479\u20131493","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"11912_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nandi G (2022) The complement system, in an interplay of cellular and molecular components of immunology. CRC, pp 189\u2013205","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003286424-9"},{"key":"11912_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"811504","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.811504","volume":"9","author":"M Blasco","year":"2022","unstructured":"Blasco M et al (2022) Complement mediated endothelial damage in thrombotic microangiopathies. Front Med 9:811504","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"11912_CR12","volume-title":"Characterization of patients with aHUS and triggering\/associated events, with and without complement pathogenic variants or anti-CFH antibodies: a global aHUS registry analysis","author":"A Siedlecki","year":"2022","unstructured":"Siedlecki A et al (2022) Characterization of patients with aHUS and triggering\/associated events, with and without complement pathogenic variants or anti-CFH antibodies: a global aHUS registry analysis. American Society of Hematology Washington, DC"},{"issue":"1","key":"11912_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-024-03548-4","volume":"25","author":"WW-S Fung","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fung WW-S et al (2024) An unusual case of adult-onset still\u2019s disease complicated with anti-complement factor H antibodies associated atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome. BMC Nephrol 25(1):164","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"issue":"1","key":"11912_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1080\/0886022X.2022.2089167","volume":"44","author":"Q Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li Q et al (2022) Clinical features of children with anti-CFH autoantibody-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome: a report of 8 cases. Ren Fail 44(1):1061\u20131069","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"key":"11912_CR15","first-page":"198","volume":"147","author":"M Revel","year":"2025","unstructured":"Revel M, Zarantonello A, Roumenina LT (2025) The complement system. Innate Immunity: Pattern Recognit Effector Mech 147:198","journal-title":"Innate Immunity: Pattern Recognit Effector Mech"},{"key":"11912_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011580","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1011580","volume":"13","author":"R Piras","year":"2023","unstructured":"Piras R et al (2023) CFH and CFHR structural variants in atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome: Prevalence, genomic characterization and impact on outcome. Front Immunol 13:1011580","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"11912_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-025-04321-x","volume":"26","author":"RD Gilbert","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gilbert RD et al (2025) Demographics and baseline disease characteristics of UK patients within the global aHUS registry. BMC Nephrol 26(1):434","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"issue":"1","key":"11912_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1182\/hematology.2025000700C","volume":"2025","author":"V Afshar-Kharghan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Afshar-Kharghan V (2025) Long-term outcome and management of complement-mediated thrombotic microangiopathy\/aHUS. Hematology 2025(1):147\u2013153","journal-title":"Hematology"},{"issue":"1","key":"11912_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1182\/hematology.2024000543","volume":"2024","author":"A Java","year":"2024","unstructured":"Java A (2024) Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome: diagnosis, management, and discontinuation of therapy. Hematology 2024(1):200\u2013205","journal-title":"Hematology"},{"key":"11912_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nat\u00e1lia N et al (2025) Complement factor B mutation-associated aHUS and myocardial infarction. BMJ Case Rep, 2017: p. bcr-2017-219716","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2017-219716"},{"issue":"18","key":"11912_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14389","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241814389","volume":"24","author":"K Kelen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kelen K et al (2023) Immunosuppressive Therapy of Antibody-Mediated aHUS and TTP. Int J Mol Sci 24(18):14389","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"11912_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1162974","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2023.1162974","volume":"11","author":"X Dai","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dai X et al (2023) Clinical features and management of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome patient with DGKE gene variants: a case report. Front Pead 11:1162974","journal-title":"Front Pead"},{"issue":"1","key":"11912_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14010039","volume":"14","author":"PP Avdonin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Avdonin PP et al (2023) The role of the complement system in the pathogenesis of infectious forms of hemolytic uremic syndrome. Biomolecules 14(1):39","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"issue":"9","key":"11912_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2841","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-025-02366-7","volume":"38","author":"A Massart","year":"2025","unstructured":"Massart A et al (2025) Clinical and genetic characteristics of patients diagnosed with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS): epidemiological data from the Belgian cohort of the Global aHUS Registry. J Nephrol 38(9):2841\u20132850","journal-title":"J Nephrol"},{"key":"11912_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.21037\/aob-22-40","volume":"8","author":"X Wu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wu X, Liszewski MK, Java A, Atkinson JP (2023) Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome: genetically-based insights into pathogenesis through an analysis of the complement regulator CD46. Ann Blood 8:27","journal-title":"Ann Blood"},{"issue":"12","key":"11912_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph13121209","volume":"13","author":"H Jiang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jiang H et al (2016) Association among complement factor H autoantibodies, deletions of CFHR, and the risk of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Int J Environ Res Public Health 13(12):1209","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"11912_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2659","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-022-05862-1","volume":"38","author":"P Khandelwal","year":"2023","unstructured":"Khandelwal P et al (2023) Variants in complement genes are uncommon in patients with anti-factor H autoantibody-associated atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 38(8):2659\u20132668","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"11912_CR28","unstructured":"\u00c5kesson A (2022) Aspects of complement activation in thrombocytopenic disorders. Lund University"},{"issue":"2","key":"11912_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.4103\/ijn.IJN_336_19","volume":"31","author":"J Sharma","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sharma J et al (2021) Novel mutations in the DGKE gene in two Indian patients with early-onset atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Indian J Nephrol 31(2):182\u2013186","journal-title":"Indian J Nephrol"},{"key":"11912_CR30","unstructured":"Duli E (2024) The pathobiology of diacylglycerol kinase epsilon associated atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. University of Toronto (Canada)"},{"issue":"4","key":"11912_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2015101189","volume":"28","author":"RC Challis","year":"2017","unstructured":"Challis RC et al (2017) Thrombotic microangiopathy in inverted formin 2\u2013mediated renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 28(4):1084\u20131091","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"6","key":"11912_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103012","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rpth.2025.103012","volume":"9","author":"S Agarwal","year":"2025","unstructured":"Agarwal S, Pozzi N, Sukumar S, Masias C, Java A, Cataland S (2025) Plasminogen mutation-associated thrombotic microangiopathy and role of anticoagulation: a single institution case series. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 9(6):103012","journal-title":"Res Pract Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"4","key":"11912_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2023.07.020","volume":"104","author":"A Huerta","year":"2023","unstructured":"Huerta A et al (2023) On the relevance of thrombomodulin variants in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Kidney Int 104(4):851\u2013855","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"11912_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1007\/s13105-025-01105-7","volume":"81","author":"S Lorente-Cebri\u00e1n","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lorente-Cebri\u00e1n S, Costa AGV, Castillo-Rivas JA, Castro M, Arbon\u00e9s-Mainar JM, Go\u00f1i S, Rem\u00f3n S, Aranaz P, L\u00f3pez V, Mart\u00edn-Burriel I, Milagro FI (2025) Phenolic compounds and epigenetic mechanisms regulating gene expression: effects on human health. J Physiol Biochem 81(4):1257\u20131274","journal-title":"J Physiol Biochem"},{"issue":"20","key":"11912_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4414","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.17116","volume":"291","author":"LM Merlo Pich","year":"2024","unstructured":"Merlo Pich LM, Ziogas A, Netea MG (2024) Genetic and epigenetic dysregulation of innate immune mechanisms in autoinflammatory diseases. FEBS J 291(20):4414\u20134432","journal-title":"FEBS J"},{"issue":"12","key":"11912_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"030006052098053","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060520980530","volume":"48","author":"A Ale\u0161 Rigler","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ale\u0161 Rigler A et al (2020) Exploring the role of the complement system, endothelial injury, and microRNAs in thrombotic microangiopathy after kidney transplantation. J Int Med Res 48(12):0300060520980530","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"11912_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s44162-025-00072-3","volume":"4","author":"GN Zsidisin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zsidisin GN (2025) Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome: a case report and review of thrombotic mechanisms. J Rare Dis 4(1):11","journal-title":"J Rare Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"11912_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2010.3492","volume":"15","author":"AR Cyr","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cyr AR, Domann FE (2011) The redox basis of epigenetic modifications: from mechanisms to functional consequences. Antioxid Redox Signal 15(2):551\u2013589","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"issue":"9","key":"11912_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70116","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.70116","volume":"30","author":"HG Kang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kang HG et al (2025) Management of Atypical Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome With Triggers: Diagnostic and Treatment Algorithms From an Asia-Pacific Perspective. Nephrology 30(9):e70116","journal-title":"Nephrology"},{"key":"11912_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205435812110087","DOI":"10.1177\/20543581211008707","volume":"8","author":"PA McFarlane","year":"2021","unstructured":"McFarlane PA et al (2021) Making the correct diagnosis in thrombotic microangiopathy: a narrative review. Can J Kidney Health Disease 8:20543581211008707","journal-title":"Can J Kidney Health Disease"},{"issue":"11","key":"11912_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-024-07611-4","volume":"50","author":"E Azoulay","year":"2024","unstructured":"Azoulay E et al (2024) Complement system activation: bridging physiology, pathophysiology, and therapy. Intensive Care Med 50(11):1791\u20131803","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"11912_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2021006416","volume":"7","author":"AA Acosta-Medina","year":"2023","unstructured":"Acosta-Medina AA et al (2023) Complement gene variant effect on relapse of complement-mediated thrombotic microangiopathy after eculizumab cessation. Blood Adv 7(3):340\u2013350","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"key":"11912_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931210","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.931210","volume":"13","author":"R Raina","year":"2022","unstructured":"Raina R et al (2022) Anti-factor H antibody and its role in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Front Immunol 13:931210","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"11912_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2231264","DOI":"10.1080\/0886022X.2023.2231264","volume":"45","author":"ZC Tang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tang ZC et al (2023) New findings in preventing recurrence and improving renal function in AHUS patients after renal transplantation treated with eculizumab: a systemic review and meta-analyses. Ren Fail 45(1):2231264","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"issue":"2","key":"11912_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-023-00916-w","volume":"20","author":"R Iorio","year":"2024","unstructured":"Iorio R (2024) Myasthenia gravis: the changing treatment landscape in the era of molecular therapies. Nat Reviews Neurol 20(2):84\u201398","journal-title":"Nat Reviews Neurol"},{"key":"11912_CR46","unstructured":"Tran MD C3 Silencing via siRNA: a promising upstream therapeutic strategy for cfh-associated ahus\u2013a review"},{"issue":"1","key":"11912_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-024-09384-x","volume":"51","author":"M Mohammadi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mohammadi M et al (2024) Exosomes in renal cell carcinoma: challenges and opportunities. Mol Biol Rep 51(1):443","journal-title":"Mol Biol Rep"},{"key":"11912_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1535407","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1535407","volume":"16","author":"N Lax","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lax N et al (2025) Eculizumab is efficacious and safe in pediatric patients with various forms of hemolytic uremic syndrome: a retrospective clinical experience of a tertiary center. Front Pharmacol 16:1535407","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"11912_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-023-02161-7","volume":"59","author":"S Ito","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ito S et al (2024) Eculizumab treatment in paediatric patients diagnosed with aHUS after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a HSCT-TMA case series from Japanese aHUS post-marketing surveillance. Bone Marrow Transplant 59(3):315\u2013324","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"issue":"9","key":"11912_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3896","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-022-02184-4","volume":"39","author":"S Meri","year":"2022","unstructured":"Meri S et al (2022) The role of complement in HSCT-TMA: basic science to clinical practice. Adv Therapy 39(9):3896\u20133915","journal-title":"Adv Therapy"},{"issue":"12","key":"11912_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2350816","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.202350816","volume":"54","author":"D Ricklin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ricklin D (2024) Complement-targeted therapeutics: Are we there yet, or just getting started? Eur J Immunol 54(12):2350816","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"11912_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-023-01873-9","volume":"37","author":"G Ardissino","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ardissino G et al (2024) Outcome of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome: role of triggers and complement abnormalities in the response to C5 inhibition. J Nephrol 37(4):1017\u20131026","journal-title":"J Nephrol"},{"issue":"1","key":"11912_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-025-04080-9","volume":"26","author":"P Musalem","year":"2025","unstructured":"Musalem P (2025) Ten tips for managing complement-mediated thrombotic microangiopathies (formerly atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome): narrative review. BMC Nephrol 26(1):158","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"11912_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MODI PY et al (2025) Effectiveness of Therapeutic plasma exchange in paediatric atypical haemolytic uremic syndrome: a cohort study in a transplant institute of Gujarat, India. J Clin Diagn Res 19(5)","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2025\/78649.20963"},{"issue":"2","key":"11912_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/s40272-022-00555-6","volume":"25","author":"E Gurevich","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gurevich E, Landau D (2023) Pharmacological management of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome in pediatric patients: current and future. Pediatr Drugs 25(2):193\u2013202","journal-title":"Pediatr Drugs"},{"issue":"4","key":"11912_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000004355","volume":"107","author":"EK Glover","year":"2023","unstructured":"Glover EK et al (2023) Assessing the impact of prophylactic eculizumab on renal graft survival in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Transplantation 107(4):994\u20131003","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"11912_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Balwani MR, Pasari AS, Gurjar P, Bhawane A, Bawankule C, Tolani P, Kashiv P, Dubey S, Katekhaye VM (2023) Kidney transplant outcomes in patients with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Transplant Proc 55(5):1312-1315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2023.02.066"},{"issue":"2","key":"11912_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.3339\/ckd.25.017","volume":"29","author":"JY Song","year":"2025","unstructured":"Song JY (2025) Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome: pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and treatment strategies. Child Kidney Dis 29(2):52\u201359","journal-title":"Child Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"11912_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1080\/17474086.2024.2440101","volume":"18","author":"TW Chan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chan TW et al (2025) Pegcetacoplan: the first and only C3-targeted therapy for the treatment of adults with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Expert Rev Hematol 18(1):11\u201320","journal-title":"Expert Rev Hematol"},{"key":"11912_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.2147\/IJNRD.S215370","volume":"12","author":"R Raina","year":"2019","unstructured":"Raina R, Grewal MK, Radhakrishnan Y, Tatineni V, DeCoy M, Burke LL, Bagga A (2019) Optimal management of atypical hemolytic uremic disease: challenges and solutions. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis 12:183\u2013204","journal-title":"Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"11912_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2015.02.326","volume":"65","author":"F Bu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bu F et al (2015) Soluble c5b-9 as a biomarker for complement activation in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Am J Kidney Dis 65(6):968\u2013969","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"11912_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1620996","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1620996","volume":"16","author":"V Guaschino","year":"2025","unstructured":"Guaschino V et al (2025) C3d-targeted complement inhibitors to correct complement dysregulation in aHUS patients. Front Immunol 16:1620996","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"9","key":"11912_CR63","first-page":"984","volume":"141","author":"F Fakhouri","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fakhouri F, Schwotzer N, Fr\u00e9meaux-Bacchi V (2023) How I diagnose and treat atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Blood. J Am Soc Hematol 141(9):984\u2013995","journal-title":"J Am Soc Hematol"},{"issue":"5","key":"11912_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2022.10.006","volume":"122","author":"M-H Tseng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tseng M-H et al (2023) Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome: Consensus of diagnosis and treatment in Taiwan. J Formos Med Assoc 122(5):366\u2013375","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"issue":"16","key":"11912_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2022018833","volume":"142","author":"V Brocklebank","year":"2023","unstructured":"Brocklebank V et al (2023) Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome in the era of terminal complement inhibition: an observational cohort study. Blood 142(16):1371\u20131386","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"6","key":"11912_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1614","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2021.03.885","volume":"6","author":"G Ardissino","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ardissino G et al (2021) Risk of atypical HUS among family members of patients carrying complement regulatory gene abnormality. Kidney Int Rep 6(6):1614\u20131621","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep"},{"issue":"24","key":"11912_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3385","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddg363","volume":"12","author":"J Caprioli","year":"2003","unstructured":"Caprioli J et al (2003) Complement factor H mutations and gene polymorphisms in haemolytic uraemic syndrome: the C-257T, the A2089G and the G2881T polymorphisms are strongly associated with the disease. Hum Mol Genet 12(24):3385\u20133395","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"issue":"2","key":"11912_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajt.2024.10.019","volume":"25","author":"EG Ames","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ames EG et al (2025) Evaluation for genetic disease in kidney transplant candidates: A practice resource. Am J Transplant 25(2):237\u2013249","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"issue":"8","key":"11912_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S881","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajt.2025.07.2095","volume":"25","author":"Y Fardi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Fardi Y et al (2025) Successful Transplant Outcome in a Patient with Renal aHUS Manifesting as Hypertension. Am J Transplant 25(8):S881\u2013S882","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"issue":"19","key":"11912_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14496","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241914496","volume":"24","author":"A Spasiano","year":"2023","unstructured":"Spasiano A et al (2023) Underlying genetics of aHUS: which connection with outcome and treatment discontinuation? Int J Mol Sci 24(19):14496","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"01","key":"11912_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e96","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2164-8438","volume":"14","author":"A Dom\u00ednguez-Vargas","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dom\u00ednguez-Vargas A et al (2024) Pregnancy-Associated Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome: A Case Report with MCP Gene Mutation and Successful Eculizumab Treatment. Am J Perinatol Rep 14(01):e96\u2013e100","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"11912_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.13138","volume":"313","author":"M Kolev","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kolev M et al (2023) With complements: C3 inhibition in the clinic. Immunol Rev 313(1):358\u2013375","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"11912_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01348","volume":"11","author":"J Lumbreras","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lumbreras J et al (2020) The relevance of the MCP risk polymorphism to the outcome of aHUS associated with C3 mutations. A case report. Front Immunol 11:1348","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"8","key":"11912_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2020.06.007","volume":"5","author":"C Rafat","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rafat C, Luque Y (2020) Eculizumab and aHUS: Spotlight on Patient-Centered Care. Kidney Int Rep 5(8):1123\u20131125","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"11912_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1958","DOI":"10.1057\/s41599-025-06257-x","volume":"12","author":"Z Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu Z, Wu Yn, Li S (2025) Facilitators and barriers to healthcare services among patients with Atypical Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome: a qualitative study. Humanit Social Sci Commun 12(1):1958\u2013p","journal-title":"Humanit Social Sci Commun"},{"issue":"6","key":"11912_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-025-02735-z","volume":"42","author":"M Mohammadi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mohammadi M, Najafi H, Mohammadi P (2025) CAR T-cell therapy in renal cell carcinoma: opportunities, challenges, and new strategies to overcome. Med Oncol 42(6):1\u201314","journal-title":"Med Oncol"},{"issue":"12","key":"11912_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8002","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000002109","volume":"110","author":"BM Hussen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hussen BM et al (2024) Revolutionizing medicine: recent developments and future prospects in stem-cell therapy. Int J Surg 110(12):8002\u20138024","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"11912_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1177\/2168479013501311","volume":"48","author":"DK Raynor","year":"2014","unstructured":"Raynor DK, De Veene P, Bryant D (2014) The effectiveness of the summary of product characteristics (SmPC) and recommendations for improvement. Therapeutic Innov Regul Sci 48(2):255\u2013265","journal-title":"Therapeutic Innov Regul Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"11912_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-024-03770-0","volume":"25","author":"E Germeni","year":"2024","unstructured":"Germeni E et al (2024) Treatment discontinuation in adults with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS): a qualitative study of international experts\u2019 perspectives with associated cost-consequence analysis. BMC Nephrol 25(1):411","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"11912_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Turek M et al (2025) Atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome (AHUS)-A rare disease, new hopes in treatment: a systematic review. Med Sci Pulse 19(4)","DOI":"10.5604\/01.3001.0055.4601"},{"key":"11912_CR81","first-page":"e20240087","volume":"47","author":"MH Vaisbich","year":"2025","unstructured":"Vaisbich MH et al (2025) Recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (aHUS): an expert consensus statement from the Rare Diseases Committee of the Brazilian Society of Nephrology (COMDORA-SBN). Brazilian J Nephrol 47:e20240087","journal-title":"Brazilian J Nephrol"}],"container-title":["Molecular Biology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11033-026-11912-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11033-026-11912-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11033-026-11912-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T13:03:35Z","timestamp":1778763815000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11033-026-11912-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]]},"references-count":81,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["11912"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11033-026-11912-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-4851","1573-4978"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4851","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-4978","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"This research was approved by research deputy of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran (Ethics approval ID: IR.KUMS.REC.1404.214).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"No individual participants included in the research.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent<!--Emphasis Type='Bold' removed-->to participate."}}],"article-number":"760"}}