{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T17:48:31Z","timestamp":1787161711772,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779408000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HUST: 32500006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HUST: 32500006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Biol Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-026-11988-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T10:28:42Z","timestamp":1779445722000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Harnessing the gut microbiota to enhance immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy: from mechanistic insights to clinical translation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Qinsheng","family":"Bi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liangyi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hejia","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1897-7120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiaxin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"11988_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2025.104767","volume":"212","author":"D Wekking","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wekking D et al (2025) The interplay between gut microbiota, antibiotics, and immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with cancer: A narrative review with biological and clinical aspects. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 212:104767","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncol Hematol"},{"key":"11988_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-021-00923-w","volume":"13","author":"E Hayase","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hayase E, Jenq RR (2021) Role of the intestinal microbiome and microbial-derived metabolites in immune checkpoint blockade immunotherapy of cancer. Genome Med 13:107","journal-title":"Genome Med"},{"key":"11988_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2025.06.012","volume":"114","author":"L Chen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chen L et al (2025) Advances and mechanisms of gut microbiota modulation in enhancing immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy. Semin Cancer Biol 114:150\u2013172","journal-title":"Semin Cancer Biol"},{"key":"11988_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189476","volume":"1880","author":"J Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li J, Yue Y, Pan J, Liang F (2025) Research progress on gut microbiota in colorectal cancer immunotherapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 1880:189476","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer"},{"key":"11988_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2021.02.005","volume":"7","author":"AE Chang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chang AE et al (2021) Targeting the gut microbiome to mitigate immunotherapy-induced colitis in Cancer. Trends Cancer 7:583\u2013593","journal-title":"Trends Cancer"},{"key":"11988_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-022-01273-9","volume":"15","author":"Y Lu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lu Y et al (2022) Gut microbiota influence immunotherapy responses: mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. J Hematol Oncol 15:47","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"11988_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101754","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2023.101754","volume":"67","author":"R Jamal","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jamal R, Messaoudene M, de Figuieredo M, Routy B (2023) Future indications and clinical management for fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in immuno-oncology. Semin Immunol 67:101754","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"11988_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100923","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neo.2023.100923","volume":"43","author":"M Zeriouh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zeriouh M, Raskov H, Kvich L, G\u00f6genur I, Bennedsen AL (2023) B. Checkpoint inhibitor responses can be regulated by the gut microbiota - A systematic review. Neoplasia 43:100923","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"key":"11988_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2024.06.010","volume":"32","author":"Y Kim","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kim Y et al (2024) Fecal microbiota transplantation improves anti-PD-1 inhibitor efficacy in unresectable or metastatic solid cancers refractory to anti-PD-1 inhibitor. Cell Host Microbe 32:1380\u20131393e9","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"11988_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06026-3","volume":"617","author":"JS Park","year":"2023","unstructured":"Park JS et al (2023) Targeting PD-L2-RGMb overcomes microbiome-related immunotherapy resistance. Nature 617:377\u2013385","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"11988_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2021.04.001","volume":"509","author":"B Luo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Luo B, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Liu X, Shi C (2021) Intestinal microbiota: A potential target for enhancing the antitumor efficacy and reducing the toxicity of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Cancer Lett 509:53\u201362","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"11988_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-024-01541-w","volume":"17","author":"Z Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li Z et al (2024) Critical role of the gut microbiota in immune responses and cancer immunotherapy. J Hematol Oncol 17:33","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"11988_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000004476","author":"P Su","year":"2025","unstructured":"Su P, Tao Y, Wang A, Xiao Y (2025) Mapping the knowledge landscape: a bibliometric analysis of gut microbiota in cancer immunotherapy with implications for clinical translation. Int J Surg. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/JS9.0000000000004476","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"11988_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359029","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1359029","volume":"15","author":"X Gao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gao X, Jiang J (2024) Exploring the regulatory mechanism of intestinal flora based on PD-1 receptor\/ligand targeted cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 15:1359029","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"11988_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1603658","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1603658","volume":"16","author":"Y Lu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lu Y et al (2025) Microbial metabolite-driven immune reprogramming in tumor immunotherapy: mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives. Front Immunol 16:1603658","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"11988_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-25-1018","author":"J Jeong","year":"2026","unstructured":"Jeong J, Baines KJ, Maleki Vareki S (2026) Microbial-derived metabolites and their impact on cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-25-1018","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Res"},{"key":"11988_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2249143","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2023.2249143","volume":"15","author":"X Zhu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhu X et al (2023) Microbial metabolite butyrate promotes anti-PD-1 antitumor efficacy by modulating T cell receptor signaling of cytotoxic CD8 T cell. Gut Microbes 15:2249143","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"11988_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2025.105708","volume":"115","author":"Y Situ","year":"2025","unstructured":"Situ Y et al (2025) The metabolic dialogue between intratumoural microbes and cancer: implications for immunotherapy. EBioMedicine 115:105708","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"11988_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70472","DOI":"10.1002\/ctm2.70472","volume":"15","author":"AB Malczewski","year":"2025","unstructured":"Malczewski AB, Coward JI, Ketheesan N, Navarro S, Immunometabolism (2025) The role of gut-derived microbial metabolites in optimising immune response during checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Clin Transl Med 15:e70472","journal-title":"Clin Transl Med"},{"key":"11988_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2207366","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202207366","volume":"10","author":"Q Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang Q et al (2023) A review of gut microbiota-derived metabolites in tumor progression and cancer therapy. Adv Sci (Weinh) 10:e2207366","journal-title":"Adv Sci (Weinh)"},{"key":"11988_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3836","DOI":"10.3390\/foods14223836","volume":"14","author":"G Wu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wu G et al (2025) Crosstalk among gut microbiota, microbial metabolites, and inflammatory cytokines: current understanding and future directions. Foods 14:3836","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"11988_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-025-02521-5","volume":"25","author":"H Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu H et al (2025) Gut microbial metabolites in cancer immunomodulation. Mol Cancer 25:8","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"key":"11988_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2022.120573","volume":"300","author":"F Hersi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hersi F et al (2022) Cancer immunotherapy resistance: The impact of microbiome-derived short-chain fatty acids and other emerging metabolites. Life Sci 300:120573","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"11988_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101755","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2023.101755","volume":"67","author":"LV Kovtonyuk","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kovtonyuk LV, McCoy KD (2023) Microbial metabolites and immunotherapy: Basic rationale and clinical indications. Semin Immunol 67:101755","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"11988_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2024.08.019","volume":"42","author":"X Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang X et al (2024) Fusobacterium nucleatum facilitates anti-PD-1 therapy in microsatellite stable colorectal cancer. Cancer Cell 42:1729\u20131746e8","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"11988_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2024.11.003","volume":"11","author":"S Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li S et al (2025) Short-chain fatty acids and cancer. Trends Cancer 11:154\u2013168","journal-title":"Trends Cancer"},{"key":"11988_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adl4100","volume":"387","author":"SK Varanasi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Varanasi SK et al (2025) Bile acid synthesis impedes tumor-specific T cell responses during liver cancer. Science 387:192\u2013201","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"11988_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2024.02.014","volume":"57","author":"J Cong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cong J et al (2024) Bile acids modified by the intestinal microbiota promote colorectal cancer growth by suppressing CD8\u2009+\u2009T cell effector functions. Immunity 57:876\u2013889e11","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"11988_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2021.07.013","volume":"29","author":"W Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li W et al (2021) A bacterial bile acid metabolite modulates Treg activity through the nuclear hormone receptor NR4A1. Cell Host Microbe 29:1366\u20131377e9","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"11988_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2413197","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202413197","volume":"12","author":"S Hou","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hou S, Yu J, Li Y, Zhao D, Zhang Z (2025) Advances in fecal microbiota transplantation for gut dysbiosis-related diseases. Adv Sci (Weinh) 12:e2413197","journal-title":"Adv Sci (Weinh)"},{"key":"11988_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2620127","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2026.2620127","volume":"18","author":"Y Gao","year":"2026","unstructured":"Gao Y et al (2026) Distinct T and innate-like lymphocyte reprogramming following lyophilized fecal microbiota transplantation in recurrent C. difficile infection. Gut Microbes 18:2620127","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"11988_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e184321","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI184321","volume":"135","author":"FS Gazzaniga","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gazzaniga FS, Kasper DL (2025) The gut microbiome and cancer response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. J Clin Invest 135:e184321","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"11988_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2121","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02453-x","volume":"29","author":"B Routy","year":"2023","unstructured":"Routy B et al (2023) Fecal microbiota transplantation plus anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in advanced melanoma: a phase I trial. Nat Med 29:2121\u20132132","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"11988_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-025-04186-5","author":"S Duttagupta","year":"2026","unstructured":"Duttagupta S et al (2026) Fecal microbiota transplantation plus immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer and melanoma: the phase 2 FMT-LUMINate trial. Nat Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-025-04186-5","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"11988_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2380061","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2024.2380061","volume":"16","author":"P-J Lee","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lee P-J et al (2024) MS-20 enhances the gut microbiota-associated antitumor effects of anti-PD1 antibody. Gut Microbes 16:2380061","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"11988_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abf3363","volume":"371","author":"D Davar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Davar D et al (2021) Fecal microbiota transplant overcomes resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy in melanoma patients. Science 371:595\u2013602","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"11988_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2024.07.015","volume":"32","author":"L Chambers","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chambers L, Grencewicz D, Spakowicz D (2024) From poo to promise: Fecal microbiota transplants support immunotherapy re-sensitization in solid tumors. Cell Host Microbe 32:1217\u20131218","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"11988_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medj.2024.10.007","volume":"6","author":"Y Lin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lin Y et al (2025) Effects of gut microbiota on immune checkpoint inhibitors in multi-cancer and as microbial biomarkers for predicting therapeutic response. Med 6:100530","journal-title":"Med"},{"key":"11988_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2571","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-20-4834","volume":"27","author":"FY Shaikh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shaikh FY et al (2021) A uniform computational approach improved on existing pipelines to reveal microbiome biomarkers of nonresponse to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Clin Cancer Res 27:2571\u20132583","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"11988_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33524","author":"J Ma","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ma J, Zhu W, Liu B (2021) Role of gut microbiome in the outcome of cancer immunotherapy. Int J Cancer. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijc.33524","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"11988_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aan4236","volume":"359","author":"V Gopalakrishnan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gopalakrishnan V et al (2018) Gut microbiome modulates response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in melanoma patients. Science 359:97\u2013103","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"11988_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2012","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdz224","volume":"30","author":"N Chaput","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chaput N et al (2019) Baseline gut microbiota predicts clinical response and colitis in metastatic melanoma patients treated with ipilimumab. Ann Oncol 30:2012","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"11988_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aan3706","volume":"359","author":"B Routy","year":"2018","unstructured":"Routy B et al (2018) Gut microbiome influences efficacy of PD-1-based immunotherapy against epithelial tumors. Science 359:91\u201397","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"11988_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1774","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2019.2785","volume":"5","author":"DJ Pinato","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pinato DJ et al (2019) Association of prior antibiotic treatment with survival and response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in patients with cancer. JAMA Oncol 5:1774\u20131778","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"key":"11988_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01655-5","volume":"28","author":"L Derosa","year":"2022","unstructured":"Derosa L et al (2022) Intestinal Akkermansia muciniphila predicts clinical response to PD-1 blockade in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Nat Med 28:315\u2013324","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"11988_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-01695-5","volume":"28","author":"KA Lee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lee KA et al (2022) Cross-cohort gut microbiome associations with immune checkpoint inhibitor response in advanced melanoma. Nat Med 28:535\u2013544","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"11988_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2022.08.010","volume":"31","author":"N Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang N, Fang J-Y (2023) Fusobacterium nucleatum, a key pathogenic factor and microbial biomarker for colorectal cancer. Trends Microbiol 31:159\u2013172","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"key":"11988_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2023.04.010","volume":"31","author":"S-S Jiang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jiang S-S et al (2023) Fusobacterium nucleatum-derived succinic acid induces tumor resistance to immunotherapy in colorectal cancer. Cell Host Microbe 31:781\u2013797e9","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"11988_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb5920","volume":"371","author":"EN Baruch","year":"2021","unstructured":"Baruch EN et al (2021) Fecal microbiota transplant promotes response in immunotherapy-refractory melanoma patients. Science 371:602\u2013609","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"11988_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-01694-6","volume":"28","author":"N Dizman","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dizman N et al (2022) Nivolumab plus ipilimumab with or without live bacterial supplementation in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a randomized phase 1 trial. Nat Med 28:704\u2013712","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"11988_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1538969","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1538969","volume":"16","author":"S Zhao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhao S et al (2025) Assessing the impact of probiotics on immunotherapy effectiveness and antibiotic-mediated resistance in cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Immunol 16:1538969","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"11988_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2277","DOI":"10.1007\/s10147-025-02860-9","volume":"30","author":"N Ochi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ochi N et al (2025) Impact of antibiotic use on survival in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor and chemotherapy. Int J Clin Oncol 30:2277\u20132286","journal-title":"Int J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"11988_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2293","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-024-10437-7","volume":"17","author":"TS Lee","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lee TS (2025) Are probiotics beneficial or harmful for pancreatic cancer outcomes? Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 17:2293\u20132300","journal-title":"Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins"},{"key":"11988_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1632","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaz7015","volume":"374","author":"CN Spencer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Spencer CN et al (2021) Dietary fiber and probiotics influence the gut microbiome and melanoma immunotherapy response. Science 374:1632\u20131640","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"11988_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-0878-z","volume":"565","author":"T Tanoue","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tanoue T et al (2019) A defined commensal consortium elicits CD8 T cells and anti-cancer immunity. Nature 565:600\u2013605","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"11988_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1804","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0238-9","volume":"24","author":"Y Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang Y et al (2018) Fecal microbiota transplantation for refractory immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated colitis. Nat Med 24:1804\u20131808","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"11988_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.017400","volume":"8","author":"TLA Nguyen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nguyen TLA, Vieira-Silva S, Liston A, Raes J (2015) How informative is the mouse for human gut microbiota research? Dis Model Mech 8:1\u201316","journal-title":"Dis Model Mech"},{"key":"11988_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2016.04.014","volume":"19","author":"M-C Arrieta","year":"2016","unstructured":"Arrieta M-C, Walter J, Finlay BB (2016) Human microbiota-associated mice: a model with challenges. Cell Host Microbe 19:575\u2013578","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"}],"container-title":["Molecular Biology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11033-026-11988-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11033-026-11988-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11033-026-11988-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T12:03:35Z","timestamp":1779451415000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11033-026-11988-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["11988"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11033-026-11988-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-4851","1573-4978"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4851","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-4978","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"811"}}