{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T20:45:37Z","timestamp":1792442737590,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782259200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Biol Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-026-12201-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T07:59:35Z","timestamp":1782287975000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Advances in biomarkers for differential diagnosis of autoimmune and autoinflammatory inner ear disorders"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Shabnam","family":"Eskandarzadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roghaye Faraji","family":"Akhijahani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masoud","family":"Lahouty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5 Pt 1","key":"12201_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1177\/000348947908800501","volume":"88","author":"BF McCabe","year":"1979","unstructured":"McCabe BF (1979) Autoimmune sensorineural hearing loss. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 88(5 Pt 1):585\u2013589","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"},{"key":"12201_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205873841880868","DOI":"10.1177\/2058738418808680","volume":"32","author":"A Ciorba","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ciorba A, Corazzi V, Bianchini C, Aimoni C, Pelucchi S, Skar\u017cy\u0144ski PH, Hatzopoulos S (2018) Autoimmune inner ear disease (AIED): A diagnostic challenge. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 32:2058738418808680","journal-title":"Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol"},{"key":"12201_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1498640","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1498640","volume":"2018","author":"O Shamriz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shamriz O, Tal Y, Gross M (2018) Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease: Immune Biomarkers, Audiovestibular Aspects, and Therapeutic Modalities of Cogan\u2019s Syndrome. J Immunol Res 2018:1498640","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"12201_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e391","DOI":"10.3928\/19382359-20190923-01","volume":"48","author":"RS Oz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Oz RS, Gluth M, Tesher MS (2019) Pediatric Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease: A Rare, But Treatable Condition. Pediatr Ann 48(10):e391\u2013e4","journal-title":"Pediatr Ann"},{"issue":"5","key":"12201_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.28","volume":"1","author":"A Vambutas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vambutas A, Pathak S (2016) AAO: Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory (Disease) in Otology: What is New in Immune-Mediated Hearing Loss. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 1(5):110\u2013115","journal-title":"Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"2","key":"12201_CR6","first-page":"87","volume":"117","author":"M Suchan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Suchan M, Kaliarik L, Krempaska S, Koval J (2016) Immune-mediated cochleovestibular disease. Bratisl Lek Listy 117(2):87\u201390","journal-title":"Bratisl Lek Listy"},{"issue":"5","key":"12201_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket009","volume":"52","author":"T Mijovic","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mijovic T, Zeitouni A, Colmegna I (2013) Autoimmune sensorineural hearing loss: the otology\u2013rheumatology interface. Rheumatology 52(5):780\u2013789","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"12201_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otoeng.2017.08.010","volume":"69","author":"N Mata-Castro","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mata-Castro N, Garc\u00eda-Chilleron R, Gavilanes-Plasencia J, Ram\u00edrez-Camacho R, Garc\u00eda-Fern\u00e1ndez A, Garc\u00eda-Berrocal JR (2018) Analysis of audiometric relapse-free survival in patients with immune-mediated hearing loss exclusively treated with corticosteroids. Acta Otorrinolaringologica (English Edition) 69(4):214\u2013218","journal-title":"Acta Otorrinolaringologica (English Edition)"},{"key":"12201_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ribeiro R, Ser\u00f4dio JF, Amaral MC, Duarte JA, Dur\u00e3o C, Mendes N et al (2021) Sensorineural hearing loss and systemic autoimmune disease: the experience of a systemic immune-mediated diseases unit. Cureus. ;13(3)","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.14075"},{"issue":"1","key":"12201_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.97831","volume":"22","author":"M Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang M, Zhang P, Li Q, Kong C (2025) Investigating the Process of Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease: Unveiling the Intricacies of Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies. Int J Med Sci 22(1):179\u2013187","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci"},{"issue":"13","key":"12201_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15131577","volume":"15","author":"M Diaz-Menindez","year":"2025","unstructured":"Diaz-Menindez M, Chindris A-M, Mead-Harvey C, Li Y, Butendieck RR Jr, Chirila RM et al (2025) Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease from a Rheumatologic Perspective. Diagnostics 15(13):1577","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"12201_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2023.109287","volume":"249","author":"GE Gregory","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gregory GE, Munro KJ, Couper KN, Pathmanaban ON, Brough D (2023) The NLRP3 inflammasome as a target for sensorineural hearing loss. Clin Immunol 249:109287","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"203","key":"12201_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2829","DOI":"10.24976\/Discov.Med.202537203.236","volume":"37","author":"JA Lopez-Escamez","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lopez-Escamez JA, Cruz-Granados P (2025) Mechanisms of Inflammation and Divergent Immune Response in Meniere Disease. Discov Med 37(203):2829\u20132844","journal-title":"Discov Med"},{"key":"12201_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiang H, Zhan Y, Zhao M, Zhang S, Zhou L, Jiang K et al (2025) Immunological heterogeneity in M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease: CD4\u2009+\u2009T cell subset profiling reveals three distinct Immunophenotypes. J Neuroimmunol. :578743","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2025.578743"},{"issue":"1","key":"12201_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1038\/s41525-025-00503-6","volume":"10","author":"P Cruz-Granados","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cruz-Granados P, Bianco-Bortoletto G, Aran I, Rivero de Jesus V, Lopez-Escamez JA (2025) An ultra-rare missense variant in the KIF1B gene linked to autoinflammatory Meni\u00e8re\u2019s disease. NPJ Genomic Med 10(1):42","journal-title":"NPJ Genomic Med"},{"key":"12201_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nakanishi H, Kawashima Y, Kurima K, Chae JJ, Ross AM, Pinto-Patarroyo G et al (2017) NLRP3 mutation and cochlear autoinflammation cause syndromic and nonsyndromic hearing loss DFNA34 responsive to anakinra therapy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. ;114(37):E7766-E75","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1702946114"},{"key":"12201_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2024.110413","volume":"271","author":"L Frejo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Frejo L, Cara FE, Flook M, Robles-Bolivar P, Escalera-Balsera A, Montilla-Iba\u00f1ez MA et al (2025) Allergy and autoinflammation drive persistent systemic inflammatory response in Meniere Disease: A longitudinal study. Clin Immunol 271:110413","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"12201_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16309","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-20774-8","volume":"12","author":"J Zou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zou J, Zhao Z, Song X, Zhang G, Li H, Zhang Q, Pyykk\u00f6 I, Elevated G-CSF (2022) IL8, and HGF in patients with definite Meniere\u2019s disease may indicate the role of NET formation in triggering autoimmunity and autoinflammation. Sci Rep 12(1):16309","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"12201_CR19","unstructured":"Tanna RJ, Lin JW, De Jesus O (2020) Sensorineural hearing loss"},{"issue":"6","key":"12201_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.508","volume":"5","author":"NK Breslin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Breslin NK, Varadarajan VV, Sobel ES, Haberman RS (2020) Autoimmune inner ear disease: A systematic review of management. Laryngoscope Invest Otolaryngol 5(6):1217\u20131226","journal-title":"Laryngoscope Invest Otolaryngol"},{"key":"12201_CR21","first-page":"9210780","volume":"2022","author":"S Ananthapadmanabhan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ananthapadmanabhan S, Jabbour J, Brown D, Sivapathasingam V (2022) Combination Immunosuppressive Therapy in Primary Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease in Pregnancy. Case Rep Otolaryngol 2022:9210780","journal-title":"Case Rep Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"5","key":"12201_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket009","volume":"52","author":"T Mijovic","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mijovic T, Zeitouni A, Colmegna I (2013) Autoimmune sensorineural hearing loss: the otology-rheumatology interface. Rheumatology (Oxford) 52(5):780\u2013789","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"8","key":"12201_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1878","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26382","volume":"127","author":"OS Choo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Choo OS, Yang SM, Park HY, Lee JB, Jang JH, Choi SJ, Choung YH (2017) Differences in clinical characteristics and prognosis of sudden low- and high-frequency hearing loss. Laryngoscope 127(8):1878\u20131884","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"1","key":"12201_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-008-0801-y","volume":"266","author":"R Bovo","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bovo R, Ciorba A, Martini A (2009) The diagnosis of autoimmune inner ear disease: evidence and critical pitfalls. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 266(1):37\u201340","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"12","key":"12201_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3267","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-019-05681-5","volume":"276","author":"S Das","year":"2019","unstructured":"Das S, Bakshi SS, Seepana R (2019) Demystifying autoimmune inner ear disease. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 276(12):3267\u20133274","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"5","key":"12201_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1097\/01.moo.0000136101.95662.aa","volume":"12","author":"MJ Ruckenstein","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ruckenstein MJ (2004) Autoimmune inner ear disease. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 12(5):426\u2013430","journal-title":"Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"12201_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2012.01.004","volume":"11","author":"A Greco","year":"2012","unstructured":"Greco A, Gallo A, Fusconi M, Marinelli C, Macri G, de Vincentiis M (2012) Meniere\u2019s disease might be an autoimmune condition? Autoimmun rev 11(10):731\u2013738","journal-title":"Autoimmun rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"12201_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.386","volume":"169","author":"JA Lopez-Escamez","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lopez-Escamez JA, Vela J, Frejo L (2023) Immune\u2010Related Disorders Associated With M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010analysis. Otolaryngology\u2013Head Neck Surg 169(5):1122\u20131131","journal-title":"Otolaryngology\u2013Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"12201_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116972","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2023.116972","volume":"238","author":"M Mohseni-Dargah","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mohseni-Dargah M, Falahati Z, Pastras C, Khajeh K, Mukherjee P, Razmjou A et al (2023) Meniere\u2019s disease: pathogenesis, treatments, and emerging approaches for an idiopathic bioenvironmental disorder. Environ Res 238:116972","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"12201_CR30","first-page":"55","volume":"7","author":"RH El-Kabarity","year":"2011","unstructured":"El-Kabarity RH (2011) Diagnostic value of serum anti-heat shock protein 70 (Anti-HSP70) in cases of autoimmune inner ear disease. J Int Adv Otology 7:55\u201361","journal-title":"J Int Adv Otology"},{"issue":"1","key":"12201_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1080\/08916930601119377","volume":"40","author":"C Bonaguri","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bonaguri C, Orsoni JG, Zavota L, Monica C, Russo A, Pellistri I et al (2007) Anti-68\u00a0kDa antibodies in autoimmune sensorineural hearing loss: are these autoantibodies really a diagnostic tool? Autoimmunity 40(1):73\u201378","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"issue":"1","key":"12201_CR32","first-page":"131","volume":"15","author":"JW Casselman","year":"1994","unstructured":"Casselman JW, Majoor M, Albers FW (1994) MR of the inner ear in patients with Cogan syndrome. Am J Neuroradiol 15(1):131\u2013138","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"12201_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e31815f665b","volume":"29","author":"CB Teszler","year":"2008","unstructured":"Teszler CB, Williams MT, Belange G, Ayache D (2008) Labyrinthitis related to Wegener granulomatosis: magnetic resonance imaging findings. Otology Neurotology 29(5):721\u2013722","journal-title":"Otology Neurotology"},{"issue":"2","key":"12201_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2007.04.007","volume":"29","author":"N Yildirim","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yildirim N, Arslanoglu A, Aygun N (2008) Otologic and leptomeningeal involvements as presenting features in seronegative Wegener granulomatosis. Am J Otolaryngol 29(2):147\u2013149","journal-title":"Am J Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"1","key":"12201_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000000175","volume":"35","author":"N Yoshida","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yoshida N, Hara M, Hasegawa M, Matsuzawa S, Shinnabe A, Kanazawa H, Iino Y (2014) Reversible cochlear function with ANCA-associated vasculitis initially diagnosed by otologic symptoms. Otology Neurotology 35(1):114\u2013120","journal-title":"Otology Neurotology"},{"issue":"9","key":"12201_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4115","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI76503","volume":"124","author":"A Vambutas","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vambutas A, Lesser M, Mullooly V, Pathak S, Zahtz G, Rosen L, Goldofsky E (2014) Early efficacy trial of anakinra in corticosteroid-resistant autoimmune inner ear disease. J Clin Investig 124(9):4115\u20134122","journal-title":"J Clin Investig"},{"issue":"10","key":"12201_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1995.01890100075013","volume":"121","author":"DB Bloch","year":"1995","unstructured":"Bloch DB, San Martin JE, Rauch SD, Moscicki RA, Bloch KJ (1995) Serum antibodies to heat shock protein 70 in sensorineural hearing loss. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 121(10):1167\u20131171","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"12201_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1002275","volume":"186","author":"S Pathak","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pathak S, Goldofsky E, Vivas EX, Bonagura VR, Vambutas A (2011) IL-1\u03b2 is overexpressed and aberrantly regulated in corticosteroid nonresponders with autoimmune inner ear disease. J Immunol 186(3):1870\u20131879","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"12201_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70032","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.70032","volume":"9","author":"I Yellin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yellin I, Pathak S, Vambutas A (2024) Effect of betahistine on pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in autoimmune inner ear disease and Meniere\u2019s disease patients. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 9(6):e70032","journal-title":"Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"6","key":"12201_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940411300605","volume":"113","author":"E Toubi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Toubi E, Halas K, Ben-David J, Sabo E, Kessel A, Luntz M (2004) Immune-mediated disorders associated with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Annals Otology Rhinology Laryngology 113(6):445\u2013449","journal-title":"Annals Otology Rhinology Laryngology"},{"issue":"3","key":"12201_CR41","first-page":"589","volume":"25","author":"M Naarendorp","year":"1998","unstructured":"Naarendorp M, Spiera H (1998) Sudden sensorineural hearing loss in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus or lupus-like syndromes and antiphospholipid antibodies. J Rhuematol 25(3):589\u2013592","journal-title":"J Rhuematol"},{"issue":"5","key":"12201_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1097\/01.MLG.0000158666.15447.37","volume":"115","author":"DA Mouadeb","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mouadeb DA, Ruckenstein MJ (2005) Antiphospholipid inner ear syndrome. Laryngoscope 115(5):879\u2013883","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"6","key":"12201_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2014.08.014","volume":"41","author":"P Baruah","year":"2014","unstructured":"Baruah P (2014) Cochlin in autoimmune inner ear disease: is the search for an inner ear autoantigen over? Auris Nasus Larynx 41(6):499\u2013501","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx"},{"issue":"7","key":"12201_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-013-9926-x","volume":"33","author":"S Pathak","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pathak S, Hatam LJ, Bonagura V, Vambutas A (2013) Innate immune recognition of molds and homology to the inner ear protein, cochlin, in patients with autoimmune inner ear disease. J Clin Immunol 33(7):1204\u20131215","journal-title":"J Clin Immunol"},{"key":"12201_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2021.108378","volume":"412","author":"SH Bae","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bae SH, Yoo JE, Hong JW, Park HR, Noh B, Kim H et al (2021) LCCL peptide cleavage after noise exposure exacerbates hearing loss and is associated with the monocyte infiltration in the cochlea. Hear Res 412:108378","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"issue":"4565","key":"12201_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7112122","volume":"217","author":"T Yoo","year":"1982","unstructured":"Yoo T, Stuart J, Kang A, Townes A, Tomoda K, Dixit S (1982) Type II collagen autoimmunity in otosclerosis and Meniere\u2019s disease. Science 217(4565):1153\u20131155","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"12201_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harada S, Koyama Y, Imai T, Yoshioka Y, Sumi T, Inohara H, Shimada S (2024) A mouse model of autoimmune inner ear disease without endolymphatic hydrops. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Molecular Basis of Disease. 1870(5):167198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2024.167198"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"12201_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2003.09.008","volume":"283","author":"L Munari","year":"2003","unstructured":"Munari L, Charchat S, Rodrigues L, von Muhlen CA, Ba\u00fa AR, Lavinsky L, Bonorino C (2003) An ELISA serum assay for autoantibodies to HSP70 in immune-mediated hearing loss. J Immunol Methods 283(1\u20132):155\u2013161","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"12201_CR49","first-page":"55","volume":"7","author":"RH El-Kabarity","year":"2011","unstructured":"El-Kabarity RH, El Kabarity RH (2011) Diagnostic Value of Serum Anti-Heat Shock Protein 70 (Anti-HSP70) in Cases of Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease. J Int Adv Otology 7(1):55\u201361","journal-title":"J Int Adv Otology"},{"issue":"5","key":"12201_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2657","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI128867","volume":"130","author":"AM Breglio","year":"2020","unstructured":"Breglio AM, May LA, Barzik M, Welsh NC, Francis SP, Costain TQ et al (2020) Exosomes mediate sensory hair cell protection in the inner ear. J Clin Investig 130(5):2657\u20132672","journal-title":"J Clin Investig"},{"issue":"10","key":"12201_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1770","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200310000-00020","volume":"113","author":"K Yeom","year":"2003","unstructured":"Yeom K, Gray J, Nair TS, Arts HA, Telian SA, Disher MJ et al (2003) Antibodies to HSP-70 in normal donors and autoimmune hearing loss patients. Laryngoscope 113(10):1770\u20131776","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"3 Pt 1","key":"12201_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940211100313","volume":"111","author":"SS Gong","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gong SS, Yan Z (2002) Expression of heat shock protein 70 in the cochlea in experimental autoimmune inner ear disease. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 111(3 Pt 1):275\u2013280","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"},{"issue":"1","key":"12201_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-025-10629-6","volume":"52","author":"M Fadaee","year":"2025","unstructured":"Fadaee M, Aghaei R, Orooji N, Mahdavi S, Lahouty M, Babaei S et al (2025) NETosis in hypersensitivity disorders. Mol Biol Rep 52(1):574","journal-title":"Mol Biol Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"12201_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-024-02246-2","volume":"10","author":"N Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang N, Song Y, Wang H, Li X, Lyu Y, Liu J et al (2024) IL-1\u03b2 promotes glutamate excitotoxicity: indications for the link between inflammatory and synaptic vesicle cycle in M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease. Cell Death Discovery 10(1):476","journal-title":"Cell Death Discovery"},{"key":"12201_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genrep.2020.100651","volume":"19","author":"M Asgharzadeh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Asgharzadeh M, Fadaee M, Leylabadlo HE, Poor BM, Rashedi J, Asgharzadeh V et al (2020) TNF-\u03b1 gene polymorphism in Iranian Azeri population. Gene Rep 19:100651","journal-title":"Gene Rep"},{"key":"12201_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genrep.2020.100596","volume":"19","author":"M Asgharzadeh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Asgharzadeh M, Fadaee M, Mahdavipoor B, Sheykhsaran E, Rashedi J, Pourostadi M et al (2020) Polymorphism of the IFN-\u0263 gene in the Azeri population of Iran. Gene Rep 19:100596","journal-title":"Gene Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"12201_CR57","first-page":"520","volume":"21","author":"M Asgharzadeh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Asgharzadeh M, Najafi-Ghalehlou N, Poor BM, Asgharzadeh V, Pourostadi M, Vegari A et al (2021) IFN-\u03b3 and TNF-\u03b1 gene polymorphisms in multiple sclerosis patients in Northwest Iran. Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders-Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets-Immune. Endocr Metabolic Disorders) 21(3):520\u2013525","journal-title":"Endocr Metabolic Disorders)"},{"issue":"3","key":"12201_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1007\/s101620020028","volume":"3","author":"Y Wang","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wang Y, Hirose K, Liberman MC (2002) Dynamics of Noise-Induced Cellular Injury and Repair in the Mouse Cochlea. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 3(3):248\u2013268","journal-title":"J Assoc Res Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"5","key":"12201_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mao.0000185082.28598.87","volume":"26","author":"S Cohen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cohen S, Shoup A, Weisman MH, Harris J (2005) Etanercept treatment for autoimmune inner ear disease: results of a pilot placebo-controlled study. Otology Neurotology 26(5):903\u2013907","journal-title":"Otology Neurotology"},{"key":"12201_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1330386","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1330386","volume":"15","author":"A Tylutka","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tylutka A, Walas \u0141, Zembron-Lacny A (2024) Level of IL-6, TNF, and IL-1\u03b2 and age-related diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Immunol 15:1330386","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"9","key":"12201_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000003196","volume":"42","author":"SW Gorthey","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gorthey SW, Pathak S, Vambutas A (2021) The Correlation of Clinical Corticosteroid Responsiveness With Expression of IL-6 in Peripheral Blood Immune Cells (PBMC) in Patients With Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease (AIED). Otol Neurotol 42(9):1422\u20131428","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"issue":"7","key":"12201_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e3182635417","volume":"33","author":"M Masuda","year":"2012","unstructured":"Masuda M, Kanzaki S, Minami S, Kikuchi J, Kanzaki J, Sato H, Ogawa K (2012) Correlations of inflammatory biomarkers with the onset and prognosis of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Otology Neurotology 33(7):1142\u20131150","journal-title":"Otology Neurotology"},{"key":"12201_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pathak S, Vambutas A (2020) Autoimmune inner ear disease patient\u2013associated 28-kDa proinflammatory IL-1\u03b2 fragment results from caspase-7\u2013mediated cleavage in vitro. JCI Insight. ;5(3)","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.130845"},{"issue":"4","key":"12201_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mao.0000178138.19848.bd","volume":"26","author":"M Takatsu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Takatsu M, Higaki M, Kinoshita H, Mizushima Y, Koizuka I (2005) Ear involvement in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Otology Neurotology 26(4):755\u2013761","journal-title":"Otology Neurotology"},{"key":"12201_CR65","first-page":"CMAMD","volume":"5","author":"A Ogata","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ogata A, Hirano T, Hishitani Y, Tanaka T (2012) Safety and efficacy of tocilizumab for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Med Insights: Arthritis Musculoskelet Disorders 5:CMAMD","journal-title":"Clin Med Insights: Arthritis Musculoskelet Disorders"},{"key":"12201_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tanaka T, Hishitani Y, Ogata A (2014) Monoclonal antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis: comparative effectiveness of tocilizumab with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors. Biol Targets Ther. :141\u2013153","DOI":"10.2147\/BTT.S37509"},{"issue":"3","key":"12201_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.4155\/tde.14.118","volume":"6","author":"A Ogata","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ogata A, Morita T, Yoshida Y, Tanaka T (2015) Subcutaneous formulation of tocilizumab for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Therapeutic Delivery 6(3):283\u2013295","journal-title":"Therapeutic Delivery"},{"issue":"5","key":"12201_CR68","first-page":"1029","volume":"42","author":"G Hern\u00e1ndez-Molina","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Molina G, Maldonado-Garc\u00eda C, Gamboa-Esp\u00edndola M, Cabral AR (2024) The meaning of non-criteria clinical manifestations in a real-life primary antiphospholipid syndrome cohort. Clin Exp Rheumatol 42(5):1029\u20131034","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"12201_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(99)80188-0","volume":"99","author":"E Toubi","year":"1995","unstructured":"Toubi E, Khamashta MA, Panarra A, Hughes G (1995) Association of antiphospholipid antibodies with central nervous system disease in systemic lupus erythematosus. Am J Med 99(4):397\u2013401","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"12201_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Okuyama K, Kawaguchi T (2010) Molecular and fibrillar Structures of collagen. Kobunshi Ronbunshu. ;67(4)","DOI":"10.1295\/koron.67.229"},{"issue":"2","key":"12201_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1002\/neu.10097","volume":"53","author":"RJ Goodyear","year":"2002","unstructured":"Goodyear RJ, Richardson GP (2002) Extracellular matrices associated with the apical surfaces of sensory epithelia in the inner ear: molecular and structural diversity. J Neurobiol 53(2):212\u2013227","journal-title":"J Neurobiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"12201_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489209137449","volume":"112","author":"N Slepecky","year":"1992","unstructured":"Slepecky N, Savage J, Yoo T (1992) Localization of type II, IX and V collagen in the inner ear. Acta Otolaryngol 112(4):611\u2013617","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"3","key":"12201_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0152307","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0152307","volume":"11","author":"T Imai","year":"2016","unstructured":"Imai T, Takimoto Y, Takeda N, Uno A, Inohara H, Shimada S (2016) High-speed video-oculography for measuring three-dimensional rotation vectors of eye movements in mice. PLoS ONE 11(3):e0152307","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"9","key":"12201_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0164078","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0164078","volume":"11","author":"R Chen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen R, Schwander M, Barbe MF, Chan MM (2016) Ossicular bone damage and hearing loss in rheumatoid arthritis: a correlated functional and high resolution morphometric study in collagen-induced arthritic mice. PLoS ONE 11(9):e0164078","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"9","key":"12201_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e75521","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0075521","volume":"8","author":"ZF Mann","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mann ZF, Chang W, Lee KY, King KA, Kelley MW (2013) Expression and function of scleraxis in the developing auditory system. PLoS ONE 8(9):e75521","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"12201_CR76","unstructured":"S Q Doniyorovna (2025) The structure and function of hair. EduVision: J Innovations Pedagogy Educational Advancements 1(5):426\u2013437"},{"key":"12201_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hosseinzadeh H (2025) Special Senses. Fundamentals of Medicine for Biomedical Engineering. Springer, pp 363\u2013408","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-74085-5_11"},{"issue":"1","key":"12201_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-02043-4","volume":"10","author":"X Zhou","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhou X, Wu Y, Zhu Z, Lu C, Zhang C, Zeng L et al (2025) Mucosal immune response in biology, disease prevention and treatment. Signal Transduct Target Therapy 10(1):7","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Therapy"},{"issue":"17","key":"12201_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3809","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10173809","volume":"10","author":"I Morawska","year":"2021","unstructured":"Morawska I, Kurkowska S, B\u0119bnowska D, Hrynkiewicz R, Becht R, Michalski A et al (2021) The epidemiology and clinical presentations of atopic diseases in selective IgA deficiency. J Clin Med 10(17):3809","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"18","key":"12201_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4160","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10184160","volume":"10","author":"C Picado","year":"2021","unstructured":"Picado C, Ortiz de Landazuri I, Vlagea A, Bobolea I, Arismendi E, Amaro R et al (2021) Spectrum of disease manifestations in patients with selective immunoglobulin E deficiency. J Clin Med 10(18):4160","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"12201_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.5152\/tao.2017.1923","volume":"55","author":"E E\u015fki","year":"2017","unstructured":"E\u015fki E, Usta BE, Asilsoy S, Y\u0131lmaz \u0130 (2017) Sensorineural hearing loss in selective immunglobulin A deficiency. Turkish Archives Otorhinolaryngol 55(1):31","journal-title":"Turkish Archives Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"2","key":"12201_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2008.11.013","volume":"131","author":"GH Jorgensen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jorgensen GH, Thorsteinsdottir I, Gudmundsson S, Hammarstrom L, Ludviksson BR (2009) Familial aggregation of IgAD and autoimmunity. Clin Immunol 131(2):233\u2013239","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"11","key":"12201_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1177\/014556130108001110","volume":"80","author":"JM Lasak","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lasak JM, Sataloff RT, Hawkshaw M, Carey TE, Lyons KM, Spiegel JR (2001) Autoimmune inner ear disease: steroid and cytotoxic drug therapy. Ear nose throat J 80(11):808\u2013822","journal-title":"Ear nose throat J"},{"issue":"11","key":"12201_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1080\/1744666X.2017.1384312","volume":"13","author":"G Azizi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Azizi G, Tavakol M, Rafiemanesh H, Kiaee F, Yazdani R, Heydari A et al (2017) Autoimmunity in a cohort of 471 patients with primary antibody deficiencies. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 13(11):1099\u20131106","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"12201_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-007-9163-2","volume":"28","author":"CM Jacob","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jacob CM, Pastorino AC, Fahl K, Carneiro-Sampaio M, Monteiro RC (2008) Autoimmunity in IgA deficiency: revisiting the role of IgA as a silent housekeeper. J Clin Immunol 28(Suppl 1):56\u201361","journal-title":"J Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"12201_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1159\/000509577","volume":"26","author":"E Magen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Magen E, Blum I, Waitman DA, Kahan N, Forer B (2021) Autoimmune inner ear disease among patients with selective IgA Deficiency. Audiol Neurotology 26(2):127\u2013134","journal-title":"Audiol Neurotology"},{"issue":"6","key":"12201_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-012-2189-y","volume":"270","author":"E Kele\u015f","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kele\u015f E, Sapmaz E, G\u00f6dekmerdan A (2013) The role of allergy in the etiopathogenesis of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 270(6):1795\u20131801","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"12201_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1080\/000164801300006236","volume":"121","author":"M Boulassel","year":"2001","unstructured":"Boulassel M, Deggouj N, Tomasi J-P, Gersdorff M (2001) Inner ear autoantibodies and their targets in patients with autoimmune inner ear diseases. Acta Otolaryngol 121:28\u201334","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"1","key":"12201_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-016-0291-2","volume":"42","author":"M Marsili","year":"2016","unstructured":"Marsili M, Marzetti V, Lucantoni M, Lapergola G, Gattorno M, Chiarelli F, Breda L (2016) Autoimmune sensorineural hearing loss as presenting manifestation of paediatric Beh\u00e7et disease responding to adalimumab: a case report. Ital J Pediatr 42(1):81","journal-title":"Ital J Pediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"12201_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1080\/20009666.2018.1503917","volume":"8","author":"B Fayyaz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fayyaz B, Upreti S (2018) Autoimmune inner ear disease secondary to Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis: a case report. J community Hosp Intern Med Perspect 8(4):227\u2013229","journal-title":"J community Hosp Intern Med Perspect"},{"issue":"1","key":"12201_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19171","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-98557-w","volume":"11","author":"B Lee","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lee B, Bae YJ, Choi BY, Kim YS, Han JH, Kim H et al (2021) Construction of an MRI-based decision tree to differentiate autoimmune and autoinflammatory inner ear disease from chronic otitis media with sensorineural hearing loss. Sci Rep 11(1):19171","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"12201_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1177\/07591063221128325","volume":"156","author":"N Robette","year":"2022","unstructured":"Robette N (2022) Trees and forest. Recursive partitioning as an alternative to parametric regression models in social sciences. Bull Sociol Methodology\/Bulletin de M\u00e9thodologie Sociologique 156(1):7\u201356","journal-title":"Bull Sociol Methodology\/Bulletin de M\u00e9thodologie Sociologique"},{"issue":"1","key":"12201_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7212","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-86589-1","volume":"11","author":"W Xie","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xie W, Shu T, Liu J, Peng H, Karpeta N, Marques P et al (2021) The relationship between clinical characteristics and magnetic resonance imaging results of M\u00e9ni\u00e8re disease: a prospective study. Sci Rep 11(1):7212","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"12201_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12030306","volume":"12","author":"S Mendis","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mendis S, Longley N, Morley S, Korres G, Kaski D (2022) Autoimmune Vestibulopathy\u2014A Case Series. Brain Sci 12(3):306","journal-title":"Brain Sci"}],"container-title":["Molecular Biology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11033-026-12201-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11033-026-12201-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11033-026-12201-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T09:03:02Z","timestamp":1782291782000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11033-026-12201-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]]},"references-count":94,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["12201"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11033-026-12201-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-4851","1573-4978"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4851","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-4978","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics declaration"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Clinical trial number"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Publish"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}}],"article-number":"1008"}}