{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T09:03:42Z","timestamp":1784365422749,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784332800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784332800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Biol Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-026-12374-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T08:20:03Z","timestamp":1784362803000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genomic regulation of the diphtheria toxin gene and Its implications for molecular diagnostics and surveillance in low-resource settings"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Tadese","family":"Sisay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayenew","family":"Berhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kefiyalew","family":"Mihrete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eyoel","family":"Hunie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abebe","family":"Bizuye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"12374_CR1","volume-title":"Medical microbiology. Murray PR","author":"KS Rosenthal","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rosenthal KS, Pfaller MA (2008) Medical microbiology. Murray PR, 6th edn. Mosby Elsevier, ABD","edition":"6"},{"issue":"8","key":"12374_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2822","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01010-08","volume":"46","author":"R Schuhegger","year":"2008","unstructured":"Schuhegger R, Lindermayer M, Kugler R, Heesemann U Jr, Sing A (2008) Detection of toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans strains by a novel real-time PCR. J Clin Microbiol 46(8):2822\u20132823","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"12374_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11111264","volume":"11","author":"M Prygiel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Prygiel M, Polak M, Mosiej E, Wdowiak K, Formi\u0144ska K, Zasada AA (2022) New Corynebacterium species with the potential to produce diphtheria toxin. Pathogens 11(11):1264","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"issue":"7","key":"12374_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2407.172026","volume":"24","author":"A Dangel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dangel A, Berger A, Konrad R, Bischoff H, Sing A (2018) Geographically diverse clusters of nontoxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae infection, Germany, 2016\u20132017. Emerg Infect Dis 24(7):1239","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"12374_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Trost E, Tauch A (2013) Comparative genomics and pathogenicity islands of Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Corynebacterium ulcerans, and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. Corynebacterium diphtheriae and related toxigenic species: genomics, pathogenicity and applications: Springer pp. 39\u201365","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-7624-1_3"},{"issue":"Supplement1","key":"12374_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S156","DOI":"10.1086\/315554","volume":"181","author":"RK Holmes","year":"2000","unstructured":"Holmes RK (2000) Biology and molecular epidemiology of diphtheria toxin and the tox gene. J Infect Dis 181(Supplement1):S156\u2013S67","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"12374_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.34.7.1711-1716.1996","volume":"34","author":"H Nakao","year":"1996","unstructured":"Nakao H, Pruckler JM, Mazurova IK, Narvskaia OV, Glushkevich T, Marijevski VF et al (1996) Heterogeneity of diphtheria toxin gene, tox, and its regulatory element, dtxR, in Corynebacterium diphtheriae strains causing epidemic diphtheria in Russia and Ukraine. J Clin Microbiol 34(7):1711\u20131716","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"12374_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.59.6.1899-1904.1991","volume":"59","author":"MP Schmitt","year":"1991","unstructured":"Schmitt MP, Holmes RK (1991) Iron-dependent regulation of diphtheria toxin and siderophore expression by the cloned Corynebacterium diphtheriae repressor gene dtxR in C. diphtheriae C7 strains. Infect Immun 59(6):1899\u20131904","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"10","key":"12374_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3221","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.57.10.3221-3225.1989","volume":"57","author":"G Fourel","year":"1989","unstructured":"Fourel G, Phalipon A, Kaczorek M (1989) Evidence for direct regulation of diphtheria toxin gene transcription by an Fe2+-dependent DNA-binding repressor, DtoxR, in Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Infect Immun 57(10):3221\u20133225","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"12374_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1128\/9781555819323.ch17","volume-title":"The Bacterial Spore: From Molecules to Systems","author":"R Isticato","year":"2016","unstructured":"Isticato R, Ricca E (2016) Spore surface display. In: Eichenberger P, Driks A (eds) The Bacterial Spore: From Molecules to Systems. ASM, Washington (DC), pp 349\u2013366"},{"issue":"2","key":"12374_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2012.02.022","volume":"73","author":"F Mancini","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mancini F, Monaco M, Pataracchia M, von Hunolstein C, Pantosti A, Ciervo A (2012) Identification and molecular discrimination of toxigenic and nontoxigenic diphtheria Corynebacterium strains by combined real-time polymerase chain reaction assays. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 73(2):111\u2013120","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"12374_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762013000300003","volume":"108","author":"LFC Torres","year":"2013","unstructured":"Torres LFC, Ribeiro D, Hirata R Jr, Pacheco LGC, Souza MC, Santos LS et al (2013) Multiplex polymerase chain reaction to identify and determine the toxigenicity of Corynebacterium spp with zoonotic potential and an overview of human and animal infections. Mem\u00f3rias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 108:272\u2013279","journal-title":"Mem\u00f3rias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz"},{"issue":"11","key":"12374_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3626","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00300-08","volume":"46","author":"A De Zoysa","year":"2008","unstructured":"De Zoysa A, Hawkey P, Charlett A, Efstratiou A (2008) Comparison of four molecular typing methods for characterization of Corynebacterium diphtheriae and determination of transcontinental spread of C. diphtheriae based on BstEII rRNA gene profiles. J Clin Microbiol 46(11):3626\u20133635","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"12374_CR14","first-page":"240","volume":"60","author":"FA Dorella","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dorella FA, Pacheco LGC, Azevedo VADC, Miyoshi A, Guaraldi ALM, Hirata R Jr (2011) Plasticity of Corynebacterium diphtheriae pathogenicity islands revealed by PCR. J Med Microbiol 60(2):240\u2013246","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"12374_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2006.12.003","volume":"391","author":"M Oram","year":"2007","unstructured":"Oram M, Woolston JE, Jacobson AD, Holmes RK, Oram DM (2007) Bacteriophage-based vectors for site-specific insertion of DNA in the chromosome of Corynebacteria. Gene 391(1\u20132):53\u201362","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"12374_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Murphy J (1985) The diphtheria toxin structural gene. Genetic Approaches to Microbial Pathogenicity 235\u2009\u2013\u200951","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-70586-1_13"},{"issue":"1","key":"12374_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e111","DOI":"10.1002\/cpmc.111","volume":"58","author":"C Chang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chang C, Nguyen MT, Ton-That H (2020) Genetic manipulation of Corynebacterium diphtheriae and other Corynebacterium species. Curr Protoc Microbiol 58(1):e111","journal-title":"Curr Protoc Microbiol"},{"key":"12374_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gupta A, Abhishek KS, Tak V (2026) Corynebacterium Infections. In: Parija SC, Poddar A, editors. Textbook of Bacterial Zoonoses. Springer Nature Singapore, Singapore, pp 617\u2013633","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-95-6615-0_45"},{"issue":"22","key":"12374_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6516","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkg874","volume":"31","author":"A Cerdeno-Tarraga","year":"2003","unstructured":"Cerdeno-Tarraga A, Efstratiou A, Dover L, Holden M, Pallen M, Bentley S et al (2003) The complete genome sequence and analysis of Corynebacterium diphtheriae NCTC13129. Nucleic Acids Res 31(22):6516\u20136523","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"12374_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0221711","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0221711","volume":"14","author":"ED Peng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Peng ED, Schmitt MP (2019) Identification of zinc and Zur-regulated genes in Corynebacterium diphtheriae. PLoS ONE 14(8):e0221711","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"12374_CR21","unstructured":"Soares S, Ramos R, Silva W, Oliveira L, Amorim L Jr (2013) RH, Corynebacterium pathogenic species in next-generation genomic era: the use of EDGAR and PIPS software and the importance of pathogenicity islands identification in pan-genomic analyses of pathogenic species.Microbial Pathogens and Strategies for Combating Them: Science, Technology and Education. 1:13\u201324."},{"issue":"2","key":"12374_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2002.tb11096.x","volume":"208","author":"L Nolden","year":"2002","unstructured":"Nolden L, Beckers G, Burkovski A (2002) Nitrogen assimilation in Corynebacterium diphtheriae: pathways and regulatory cascades. FEMS Microbiol Lett 208(2):287\u2013293","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"issue":"6","key":"12374_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins16060245","volume":"16","author":"M Prygiel","year":"2024","unstructured":"Prygiel M, Mosiej E, Polak M, Krysztopa-Grzybowska K, Wdowiak K, Formi\u0144ska K et al (2024) Challenges of diphtheria toxin detection. Toxins 16(6):245","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"12374_CR24","unstructured":"Organization WH (2022) WHO laboratory manual for the diagnosis of diphtheria and other related infections. World Health Organization"},{"key":"12374_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De-Simone SG, Gomes LR, Lechuga GC, Napole\u00e3o-P\u00eago P, Provance DW Jr, da Silva FR et al (2021) Diphtheria: Position of Laboratory and Improvement of New Diagnostic Assays. In: Khan A, Al-Harrasi A (eds) Prime Archives in Immunology: 2nd Edition. Vide Leaf, pp 1\u201312.","DOI":"10.37247\/PAIMMU2ED.2.2021.16"},{"issue":"3","key":"12374_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"02529","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm","volume":"59","author":"J Schaeffer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schaeffer J, Huhulescu S, Stoeger A, Allerberger F, Ruppitsch W (2021) Assessing the genetic diversity of Austrian Corynebacterium diphtheriae clinical isolates, 2011 to 2019. J Clin Microbiol 59(3):02529\u201302520. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"12374_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.2.999-1001.2005","volume":"43","author":"M-F Lartigue","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lartigue M-F, Monnet X, Le Fleche A, Grimont PA, Benet J-J, Durrbach A et al (2005) Corynebacterium ulcerans in an immunocompromised patient with diphtheria and her dog. J Clin Microbiol 43(2):999\u20131001","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"12374_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05037-z","volume":"20","author":"AA Zasada","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zasada AA, Wiatrzyk A, Czajka U, Brodzik K, Formi\u0144ska K, Mosiej E et al (2020) Application of loop-mediated isothermal amplification combined with colorimetric and lateral flow dipstick visualization as the potential point-of-care testing for Corynebacterium diphtheriae. BMC Infect Dis 20(1):308","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"12374_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Murray PR (2014) The clinician and the microbiology laboratory. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett\u2019s Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases 191","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4557-4801-3.00016-3"},{"issue":"10","key":"12374_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00639-20","volume":"58","author":"MM Williams","year":"2020","unstructured":"Williams MM, Waller JL, Aneke JS, Weigand MR, Diaz MH, Bowden KE, Simon AK, Peng Y, Xiaoli L, Cassiday PK, Winchell J (2020) Detection and characterization of diphtheria toxin gene-bearing Corynebacterium species through a new real-time PCR assay. J Clin Microbiol 58(10):10\u2013128. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JCM.00639-20","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"12374_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00016-17","volume":"30","author":"S Quainoo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Quainoo S, Coolen JP, van Hijum SA, Huynen MA, Melchers WJ, van Schaik W et al (2017) Whole-genome sequencing of bacterial pathogens: the future of nosocomial outbreak analysis. Clin Microbiol Rev 30(4):1015\u20131063","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"12374_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2400","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.6.2400-2402.2000","volume":"38","author":"T Komiya","year":"2000","unstructured":"Komiya T, Shibata N, Ito M, Takahashi M, Arakawa Y (2000) Retrospective diagnosis of diphtheria by detection of the Corynebacterium diphtheriae tox gene in a formaldehyde-fixed throat swab using PCR and sequencing analysis. J Clin Microbiol 38(6):2400\u20132402","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"12374_CR33","unstructured":"Mikha\u012dlovich VM, Zaikin VL, Mazurova IK (1994) Use of a DNA-DNA hybridization method for studying Corynebacterium diphtheriae strains. Molekuliarnaia Genetika, Mikrobiologiia i Virusologiia. 1(6):27\u201329."},{"key":"12374_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mokrousov I (2012) Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Molecular Typing in Bacterial Infections. Springer, pp 283\u2013300","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-185-1_17"},{"key":"12374_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Greenfield L (2020) Diphtheria toxin cloning and expression in Corynebacterium diphtheriae. In: Genetically Engineered Toxins, pp 273\u2013306.","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003066651-15"},{"issue":"1","key":"12374_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-020-00805-7","volume":"12","author":"M Hennart","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hennart M, Panunzi LG, Rodrigues C, Gaday Q, Baines SL, Barros-Pinkelnig M et al (2020) Population genomics and antimicrobial resistance in Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Genome Med 12(1):107","journal-title":"Genome Med"},{"key":"12374_CR37","unstructured":"Liaqat S, Arshad M, Mushtaq H, Asghar R, Asif MK, Ahmad I et al (2025). The Molecular Pathways of Diphtheria Toxin: Potential Consequences for Drug Design. In: Farooqi SH, Kholik K, Zaman MA (eds) One Health Horizons: Integrating Biodiversity, Biosecurity, and Sustainable Practices. Unique Scientific Publishers, Faisalabad, Pakistan, pp 326\u2013334."},{"issue":"1","key":"12374_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15010152","volume":"15","author":"MA Khan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Khan MA, Amin A, Farid A, Ullah A, Waris A, Shinwari K et al (2022) Recent advances in genomics-based approaches for the development of intracellular bacterial pathogen vaccines. Pharmaceutics 15(1):152","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"1","key":"12374_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-025-01579-6","volume":"18","author":"JF Delgado-Blas","year":"2026","unstructured":"Delgado-Blas JF, Rethoret-Pasty M, Brisse S (2026) Life Identification Number (LIN) codes for the genomic taxonomy of Corynebacterium diphtheriae strains. Genome Med 18(1):5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13073-025-01579-6","journal-title":"Genome Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"12374_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.15376","volume":"124","author":"A Kr\u00fcger","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kr\u00fcger A, Weber U, Frunzke J (2025) Genome-Wide Analysis of DtxR and HrrA Regulons Reveals Novel Targets and a High Level of Interconnectivity Between Iron and Heme Regulatory Networks in Corynebacterium glutamicum. Mol Microbiol 124(2):115\u2013130","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"12374_CR41","unstructured":"M\u00f6ller JR (2022) Molecular and Proteomic Characterization of Pathogenic Corynebacteria [dissertation]. Erlangen (Germany): Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg"},{"key":"12374_CR42","unstructured":"Sharma NC, Efstratiou A, Mokrousov I, Mutreja A (2018) Bhabatosh Das5 and Thandavarayan Ramamurthy. Corynebacterium diphtheriae strains and occasionally by toxigenic C. ulcerans and C. pseudotuberculosis strains"},{"issue":"5","key":"12374_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s10142-024-01434-8","volume":"24","author":"MRB Ara\u00fajo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ara\u00fajo MRB, Prates FD, Ramos JN, Sousa EG, Bokermann S, Sacchi CT et al (2024) Infection by a multidrug-resistant Corynebacterium diphtheriae strain: prediction of virulence factors, CRISPR-Cas system analysis, and structural implications of mutations conferring rifampin resistance. Funct Integr Genom 24(5):145","journal-title":"Funct Integr Genom"},{"key":"12374_CR44","unstructured":"Bourgeois JR (2021) Mining Toxic Proteins of Vibriophage ICP3 and Investigation of Type IE CRISPR\/Cas Targeting in Vibrio cholerae. Tufts University-Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences"},{"key":"12374_CR45","unstructured":"Romanivna MS, Deoniziiovych MV, Andriiovych KY, Ivanovych HY (2024) Diphtheria in the modern era: epidemiological trends and diagnostic approaches.Colloquium-Journal. 31(224):6\u201310."},{"key":"12374_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sulasz M, Fiegler-Rudol J, Lau K, Kasperczyk J (eds) (2025) Corynebacterium diphtheriae\u2013An underrated threat? An analysis of the epidemiological risk of diphtheria in the 21st century. Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis; : \u015al\u0105ski Uniwersytet Medyczny (Katowice)","DOI":"10.18794\/aams\/208067"},{"key":"12374_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hoang LH, Hoa LM, Hai PT, Ngoc DB, Thang NT, Ly PT, Nguyen PT, Lan PT, Duong TN, Huong NT, Morita M (2026) The emergence and spread of a novel sequence type of Corynebacterium diphtheriae in Vietnam. Scientific Reports.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-38608-2"},{"key":"12374_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2019.00235","volume":"7","author":"HM Seth-Smith","year":"2019","unstructured":"Seth-Smith HM, Egli A (2019) Whole genome sequencing for surveillance of diphtheria in low incidence settings. Front public health 7:235","journal-title":"Front public health"}],"container-title":["Molecular Biology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11033-026-12374-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11033-026-12374-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11033-026-12374-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T08:20:07Z","timestamp":1784362807000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11033-026-12374-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["12374"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11033-026-12374-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-4851","1573-4978"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4851","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-4978","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Clinical trial number","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"1207"}}