{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:19:12Z","timestamp":1792783152538,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792108800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hebei Provincial Department of Education graduate Innovation Funding Program","award":["CXZZBS2025110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CXZZBS2025110"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01jkyjd96","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["82470598"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82470598"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Biol Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-026-12941-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T14:22:36Z","timestamp":1792160556000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["From bystander to key player: The mechanisms and therapeutic potential of IL-24 in liver diseases"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Jiawei","family":"Cui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukai","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0380-7999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chao","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuemin","family":"Nan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"12941_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-02072-z","volume":"10","author":"C Gan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gan C, Yuan Y, Shen H et al (2025) Liver diseases: epidemiology, causes, trends and predictions. Signal Transduct Target Ther 10:33. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41392-024-02072-z","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"12941_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e100217","DOI":"10.1136\/egastro-2025-100217","volume":"4","author":"T Lin","year":"2026","unstructured":"Lin T, Tong C, Liebe R et al (2026) Massive hepatic necrosis-associated acute liver failure. eGastroenterology 4:e100217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/egastro-2025-100217","journal-title":"eGastroenterology"},{"key":"12941_CR3","first-page":"2477","volume":"11","author":"H Jiang","year":"1995","unstructured":"Jiang H, Lin JJ, Su ZZ et al (1995) Subtraction hybridization identifies a novel melanoma differentiation associated gene, mda-7, modulated during human melanoma differentiation, growth and progression. Oncogene 11:2477\u20132486","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"12941_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4558","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1205553","volume":"21","author":"T Saeki","year":"2002","unstructured":"Saeki T, Mhashilkar A, Swanson X et al (2002) Inhibition of human lung cancer growth following adenovirus-mediated mda-7 gene expression in vivo. Oncogene 21:4558\u20134566. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.onc.1205553","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"12941_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2004.01.017","volume":"4","author":"S Chada","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chada S, Sutton RB, Ekmekcioglu S et al (2004) MDA-7\/IL-24 is a unique cytokine\u2013tumor suppressor in the IL-10 family. Int Immunopharmacol 4:649\u2013667. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2004.01.017","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"12941_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-6458-6_6","volume":"818","author":"ME Menezes","year":"2014","unstructured":"Menezes ME, Bhatia S, Bhoopathi P et al (2014) MDA-7\/IL-24: multifunctional cancer killing cytokine. Adv Exp Med Biol 818:127\u2013153. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4471-6458-6_6","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"12941_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7320","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26157320","volume":"26","author":"V Maggisano","year":"2025","unstructured":"Maggisano V, D\u2019Amico M, Aquila S et al (2025) IL-20 Subfamily Biological Effects: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Perspectives in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 26:7320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms26157320","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"12941_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.03.031","volume":"186","author":"S Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu S, Hur YH, Cai X et al (2023) A tissue injury sensing and repair pathway distinct from host pathogen defense. Cell 186:2127\u20132143e2122. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2023.03.031","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"12941_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.Mr1117-471r","volume":"104","author":"J Chen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chen J, Caspi RR, Chong WP (2018) IL-20 receptor cytokines in autoimmune diseases. J Leukoc Biol 104:953\u2013959. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jlb.Mr1117-471r","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"12941_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-019-2209-6","volume":"11","author":"J Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang J, Hu B, Zhao Z et al (2020) Intracellular XBP1-IL-24 axis dismantles cytotoxic unfolded protein response in the liver. Cell Death Dis 11:17. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41419-019-2209-6","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"12941_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang HH, Huang JH, Sue MH et al (2021) Interleukin-24 protects against liver injury in mouse models. EBioMedicine Feb 103213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ebiom.2021.103213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2021.103213"},{"key":"12941_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5764","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2018.8616","volume":"17","author":"C Ma","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ma C, Zhao LL, Zhao HJ et al (2018) Lentivirus\u2013mediated MDA7\/IL24 expression inhibits the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Mol Med Rep 17:5764\u20135773. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/mmr.2018.8616","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"12941_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9727","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i33.9727","volume":"21","author":"B Han","year":"2015","unstructured":"Han B, Liu SH, Guo WD et al (2015) Notch1 downregulation combined with interleukin-24 inhibits invasion and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. World J Gastroenterol 21:9727\u20139735. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3748\/wjg.v21.i33.9727","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"12941_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1089\/vim.2021.0174","volume":"35","author":"M Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang M, Zhao H, Gao H (2022) Interleukin-24 Limits Tumor-Infiltrating T Helper 17 Cell Response in Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Viral Immunol 35:212\u2013222. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/vim.2021.0174","journal-title":"Viral Immunol"},{"key":"12941_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2082","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1800726","volume":"201","author":"J Lubkowski","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lubkowski J, Sonmez C, Smirnov SV et al (2018) Crystal Structure of the Labile Complex of IL-24 with the Extracellular Domains of IL-22R1 and IL-20R2. J Immunol 201:2082\u20132093. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.1800726","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"12941_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.112305","volume":"136","author":"Q Wu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wu Q, Jin Y, Li S et al (2024) Oncolytic Newcastle disease virus carrying the IL24 gene exerts antitumor effects by inhibiting tumor growth and vascular sprouting. Int Immunopharmacol 136:112305. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.112305","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"12941_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2006.08.009","volume":"46","author":"UM Wegenka","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wegenka UM, Dikopoulos N, Reimann J et al (2007) The murine liver is a potential target organ for IL-19, IL-20 and IL-24: Type I Interferons and LPS regulate the expression of IL-20R2. J Hepatol 46:257\u2013265. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2006.08.009","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"12941_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25744","volume":"56","author":"X Kong","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kong X, Feng D, Wang H et al (2012) Interleukin-22 induces hepatic stellate cell senescence and restricts liver fibrosis in mice. Hepatology 56:1150\u20131159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.25744","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"12941_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-025-05940-1","volume":"82","author":"J Cui","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cui J, Lin Z, Sun M et al (2025) Intracellular IL-24 ameliorates lipid metabolic disorders in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis by restoring the autophagy-lysosome pathway. Cell Mol Life Sci 82:417. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00018-025-05940-1","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"12941_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-4598-11-31","volume":"11","author":"CJ Wang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wang CJ, Xiao CW, You TG et al (2012) Interferon-\u03b1 enhances antitumor activities of oncolytic adenovirus-mediated IL-24 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Cancer 11:31. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1476-4598-11-31","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"key":"12941_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13564","volume":"514","author":"X Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang X, Ota N, Manzanillo P et al (2014) Interleukin-22 alleviates metabolic disorders and restores mucosal immunity in diabetes. Nature 514:237\u2013241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature13564","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"12941_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2005.02094.x","volume":"114","author":"M Wang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wang M, Liang P (2005) Interleukin-24 and its receptors. Immunology 114:166\u2013170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2005.02094.x","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"12941_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1093\/abbs\/gmr071","volume":"43","author":"X Cao","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cao X, Wei R, Liu X et al (2011) Cancer targeting gene-viro-therapy specific for liver cancer by \u03b1-fetoprotein-controlled oncolytic adenovirus expression of SOCS3 and IL-24. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 43:813\u2013821. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/abbs\/gmr071","journal-title":"Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai)"},{"key":"12941_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1002\/2211-5463.12248","volume":"7","author":"W Huo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Huo W, Du M, Pan X et al (2017) miR-203a-3p.1 targets IL-24 to modulate hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth and metastasis. FEBS Open Bio 7:1085\u20131091. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/2211-5463.12248","journal-title":"FEBS Open Bio"},{"key":"12941_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60491","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.11134","volume":"7","author":"S Yuan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yuan S, Fang X, Xu Y et al (2016) An oncolytic adenovirus that expresses the HAb18 and interleukin 24 genes exhibits enhanced antitumor activity in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 7:60491\u201360502. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/oncotarget.11134","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"12941_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2013.2507","volume":"30","author":"W Huo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Huo W, Li ZM, Zhu XM et al (2013) MDA-7\/IL-24 suppresses tumor adhesion and invasive potential in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. Oncol Rep 30:986\u2013992. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/or.2013.2507","journal-title":"Oncol Rep"},{"key":"12941_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gene.6364233","volume":"6","author":"WY Chen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chen WY, Cheng YT, Lei HY et al (2005) IL-24 inhibits the growth of hepatoma cells in vivo. Genes Immun 6:493\u2013499. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.gene.6364233","journal-title":"Genes Immun"},{"key":"12941_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1089\/cbr.2011.0984","volume":"26","author":"BF Zhang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhang BF, Liu JJ, Pei DS et al (2011) Potent antitumor effect elicited by RGD-mda-7, an mda-7\/IL-24 mutant, via targeting the integrin receptor of tumor cells. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 26:647\u2013655. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/cbr.2011.0984","journal-title":"Cancer Biother Radiopharm"},{"key":"12941_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1206062","volume":"22","author":"ZZ Su","year":"2003","unstructured":"Su ZZ, Lebedeva IV, Sarkar D et al (2003) Melanoma differentiation associated gene-7, mda-7\/IL-24, selectively induces growth suppression, apoptosis and radiosensitization in malignant gliomas in a p53-independent manner. Oncogene 22:1164\u20131180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.onc.1206062","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"12941_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03401847","volume":"7","author":"AM Mhashilkar","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mhashilkar AM, Schrock RD, Hindi M et al (2001) Melanoma differentiation associated gene-7 (mda-7): a novel anti-tumor gene for cancer gene therapy. Mol Med 7:271\u2013282","journal-title":"Mol Med"},{"key":"12941_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-022-01779-1","volume":"19","author":"L Deng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Deng L, Yang X, Ding Y et al (2022) Oncolytic therapy with vaccinia virus carrying IL-24 for hepatocellular carcinoma. Virol J 19:44. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12985-022-01779-1","journal-title":"Virol J"},{"key":"12941_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70013","DOI":"10.1002\/wnan.70013","volume":"17","author":"R Raguraman","year":"2025","unstructured":"Raguraman R, Munshi A, Ramesh R (2025) Interleukin-24: A Multidimensional Therapeutic for Treatment of Human Diseases. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 17:e70013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/wnan.70013","journal-title":"Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol"},{"key":"12941_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.3727\/096504010x12767359113929","volume":"18","author":"CJ Wang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wang CJ, Zhang H, Chen K et al (2010) Ad.mda-7 (IL-24) selectively induces apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines, suppresses metastasis, and enhances the effect of doxorubicin on xenograft tumors. Oncol Res 18:561\u2013574. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3727\/096504010x12767359113929","journal-title":"Oncol Res"},{"key":"12941_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13437","volume":"73","author":"Y Mitamura","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mitamura Y, Nunomura S, Nanri Y et al (2018) The IL-13\/periostin\/IL-24 pathway causes epidermal barrier dysfunction in allergic skin inflammation. Allergy 73:1881\u20131891. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/all.13437","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"12941_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1093\/procel\/pwae030","volume":"16","author":"X Qian","year":"2025","unstructured":"Qian X, Tong M, Zhang T et al (2025) IL-24 promotes atopic dermatitis-like inflammation through driving MRSA-induced allergic responses. Protein Cell 16:188\u2013210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/procel\/pwae030","journal-title":"Protein Cell"},{"key":"12941_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2024.110322","volume":"266","author":"K Feng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Feng K, Cen J, Zou X et al (2024) Novel insight into MDA-7\/IL-24: A potent therapeutic target for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Clin Immunol 266:110322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clim.2024.110322","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"12941_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1007\/s11596-008-0120-y","volume":"28","author":"C Wang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wang C, Xue X, Yi J et al (2008) Replication-incompetent adenovirus vector-mediated MDA-7\/IL-24 selectively induces growth suppression and apoptosis of hepatoma cell Line SMMC-7721. J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci 28:80\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11596-008-0120-y","journal-title":"J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci"},{"key":"12941_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2004.09.019","volume":"11","author":"CC Cunningham","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cunningham CC, Chada S, Merritt JA et al (2005) Clinical and local biological effects of an intratumoral injection of mda-7 (IL24; INGN 241) in patients with advanced carcinoma: a phase I study. Mol Ther 11:149\u2013159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ymthe.2004.09.019","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"key":"12941_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.32604\/or.2025.061857","volume":"33","author":"Y Ye","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ye Y, Liu Y (2025) Oncolytic virus therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Res 33:1593\u20131610. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32604\/or.2025.061857","journal-title":"Oncol Res"},{"key":"12941_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4677","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v16.i37.4677","volume":"16","author":"XB Xue","year":"2010","unstructured":"Xue XB, Xiao CW, Zhang H et al (2010) Oncolytic adenovirus SG600-IL24 selectively kills hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. World J Gastroenterol 16:4677\u20134684. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3748\/wjg.v16.i37.4677","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"12941_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1272351","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1272351","volume":"13","author":"SN Mirbahari","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mirbahari SN, Da Silva M, Z\u00fa\u00f1iga AIM et al (2024) Recent progress in combination therapy of oncolytic vaccinia virus. Front Immunol Mar 13:1272351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1272351","journal-title":"Front Immunol Mar"},{"key":"12941_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6015","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01537-10","volume":"85","author":"M Mansour","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mansour M, Palese P, Zamarin D (2011) Oncolytic specificity of Newcastle disease virus is mediated by selectivity for apoptosis-resistant cells. J Virol 85:6015\u20136023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jvi.01537-10","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"12941_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1038\/cgt.2011.67","volume":"19","author":"X Liu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Liu X, Cao X, Wei R et al (2012) Gene-viro-therapy targeting liver cancer by a dual-regulated oncolytic adenoviral vector harboring IL-24 and TRAIL. Cancer Gene Ther 19:49\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/cgt.2011.67","journal-title":"Cancer Gene Ther"},{"key":"12941_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1038\/cgt.2010.34","volume":"17","author":"J Li","year":"2010","unstructured":"Li J, Shi L, Zhang X et al (2010) Recombinant adenovirus IL-24-Bax promotes apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Gene Ther 17:771\u2013779. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/cgt.2010.34","journal-title":"Cancer Gene Ther"},{"key":"12941_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2014.00085","volume":"4","author":"J Altomonte","year":"2014","unstructured":"Altomonte J, Ebert O (2014) Sorting Out Pandora\u2019s Box: Discerning the Dynamic Roles of Liver Microenvironment in Oncolytic Virus Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 4:85. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fonc.2014.00085","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"12941_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7478","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.79.12.7478-7491.2005","volume":"79","author":"DM Shayakhmetov","year":"2005","unstructured":"Shayakhmetov DM, Gaggar A, Ni S et al (2005) Adenovirus binding to blood factors results in liver cell infection and hepatotoxicity. J Virol 79:7478\u20137491. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jvi.79.12.7478-7491.2005","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"12941_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.2174\/156652311796150372","volume":"11","author":"YS Ahi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ahi YS, Bangari DS, Mittal SK (2011) Adenoviral vector immunity: its implications and circumvention strategies. Curr Gene Ther 11:307\u2013320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/156652311796150372","journal-title":"Curr Gene Ther"},{"key":"12941_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1007\/s10930-019-09836-5","volume":"38","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Ma Q, Wang J et al (2019) Expression, Purification, and Polyethylene Glycol Site-Specific Modification of Recombinant Human Interleukin 24 in Escherichia coli. Protein J 38:576\u2013585. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10930-019-09836-5","journal-title":"Protein J"},{"key":"12941_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2010.08.001","volume":"128","author":"P Dent","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dent P, Yacoub A, Hamed HA et al (2010) The development of MDA-7\/IL-24 as a cancer therapeutic. Pharmacol Ther 128:375\u2013384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2010.08.001","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"12941_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2004.03.014","volume":"9","author":"T Nishikawa","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nishikawa T, Ramesh R, Munshi A et al (2004) Adenovirus-mediated mda-7 (IL24) gene therapy suppresses angiogenesis and sensitizes NSCLC xenograft tumors to radiation. Mol Ther 9:818\u2013828. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ymthe.2004.03.014","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"key":"12941_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1608101","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1608101","volume":"30","author":"A Aravind","year":"2025","unstructured":"Aravind A, Shaji V, Ahmed M et al (2025) An assembled molecular signaling map of interleukin-24: a resource to decipher its multifunctional immunoregulatory role in pathophysiological conditions. Front Immunol Jun 30:1608101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1608101","journal-title":"Front Immunol Jun"},{"key":"12941_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.acr.2018.02.005","volume":"138","author":"ME Menezes","year":"2018","unstructured":"Menezes ME, Bhoopathi P, Pradhan AK et al (2018) Role of MDA-7\/IL-24 a Multifunction Protein in Human Diseases. Adv Cancer Res 138:143\u2013182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/bs.acr.2018.02.005","journal-title":"Adv Cancer Res"},{"key":"12941_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e100279","DOI":"10.1136\/egastro-2025-100279","volume":"3","author":"Q Rao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Rao Q, Wang L, Tacke F et al (2025) Engineering liver disease models in vitro: emerging trends and innovations. eGastroenterology 3:e100279. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/egastro-2025-100279","journal-title":"eGastroenterology"}],"container-title":["Molecular Biology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11033-026-12941-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11033-026-12941-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11033-026-12941-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T14:22:37Z","timestamp":1792160557000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11033-026-12941-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["12941"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11033-026-12941-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-4851","1573-4978"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4851","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-4978","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 July 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 October 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 October 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to publish","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"1739"}}