{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T11:38:04Z","timestamp":1792582684677,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792540800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK 109382"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK 109382"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Biol Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-026-12946-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T10:39:37Z","timestamp":1792579177000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus GAD gene knockdown on growth hormone-releasing hormone neuron transcriptomic profile in female rats"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Subash","family":"Sapkota","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madhu Babu","family":"Pasula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajesh","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7648-1395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen P.","family":"Briski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"12946_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchemneu.2022.102102","volume":"22","author":"MH Ali","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ali MH, Alshamrani AA, Briski KP (2022) Hindbrain lactate regulation of hypoglycemia-associated patterns of catecholamine and metabolic-sensory biomarker gene expression in A2 noradrenergic neurons innervating the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus in male versus female rat. J Chem Neuroanat 22:102102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchemneu.2022.102102","journal-title":"J Chem Neuroanat"},{"key":"12946_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchemneu.2022.102132","volume":"27","author":"MH Ali","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ali MH, Alshamrani AA, Napit PR, Briski KP (2022) Single-cell multiplex qPCR evidence for sex-dimorphic glutamate decarboxylase, estrogen receptor, and 5\u2019-AMP-activated protein kinase alpha subunit mRNA expression by ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus GABAergic neurons. J Chem Neuroanat 27:102132","journal-title":"J Chem Neuroanat"},{"key":"12946_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2022.06.001","volume":"13","author":"AA Alshamrani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alshamrani AA, Ibrahim MMH, Briski KP (2022) Effects of short-term food deprivation on catecholamine and metabolic-sensory biomarker gene expression in hindbrain A2 noradrenergic neurons projecting to the forebrain rostral preoptic area: impact of negative versus positive estradiol feedback. IBRO Neurosci Rep 13:38\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ibneur.2022.06.001","journal-title":"IBRO Neurosci Rep"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"12946_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2004.08.001","volume":"146","author":"RN Auer","year":"2004","unstructured":"Auer RN (2004) Hypoglycemic brain damage. Forensic Sci Int 146(2\u20133):105\u2013110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2004.08.001","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"12946_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Behar KL. GABA synthesis and metabolism. In: Encyclopedia of Neuroscience, pp. 433\u2013439, 2009. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-008045046-9.01240-7.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-008045046-9.01240-7"},{"key":"12946_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R791","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00292.2020","volume":"320","author":"K Bheemanapally","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bheemanapally K, Alhamyani AR, Ibrahim MMH, Briski KP (2021) Ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus glycogen phosphorylase regulation of metabolic-sensory neuron AMPK and neurotransmitter protein expression: role of L-lactate. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 320:R791\u2013R799. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpregu.00292.2020","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"12946_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-95646-8","volume":"11","author":"K Bheemanapally","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bheemanapally K, Ibrahim MMH, Briski KP (2021) UHPLC-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometric analysis of brain cell-specific glucogenic and neurotransmitter amino acid content. Sci Rep 11(1):16079. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-95646-8","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"12946_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2020.01.013","volume":"157","author":"KP Briski","year":"2020","unstructured":"Briski KP, Mandal SK, Bheemanapally K, Ibrahim MMH (2020) Effects of acute versus recurrent insulin-induced hypoglycemia on ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus metabolic-sensory neuron AMPK activity: impact of alpha1-adrenergic receptor signaling. Brain Res Bull 157:41\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2020.01.013","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"key":"12946_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1159\/000054655","volume":"73","author":"KP Briski","year":"2001","unstructured":"Briski KP, Marshall ES, Sylvester PW (2001) Effects of estradiol on glucoprivic transactivation of catecholaminergic neurons in the female rat caudal brainstem. Neuroendocrinology 73:369\u2013377","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"12946_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1704","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-94-6-1704","volume":"94","author":"RL Butcher","year":"1974","unstructured":"Butcher RL, Collins WE, Fugo NW (1974) Plasma concentrations of LH, FSH, progesterone, and estradiol-17beta throughout the 4-day estrous cycle of the rat. Endocrinology 94:1704\u20131708","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"4","key":"12946_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.55.04.06.db05-0958","volume":"55","author":"O Chan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chan O, Zhu W, Ding Y, McCrimmon RJ, Sherwin RS (2006) Blockade of GABA(A) receptors in the ventromedial hypothalamus further stimulates glucagon and sympathoadrenal but not the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal response to hypoglycemia. Diabetes 55(4):1080\u20131087. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/diabetes.55.04.06.db05-0958","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"5","key":"12946_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.2337\/db07-1559","volume":"57","author":"O Chan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chan O, Cheng H, Herzog R, Czyzyk D, Zhu W, Wang A, McCrimmon RJ, Seashore MR, Sherwin RS (2008) Increased GABAergic tone in the ventromedial hypothalamus contributes to suppression of counterregulatory responses after antecedent hypoglycemia. Diabetes 57(5):1363\u20131370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/db07-1559","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"5","key":"12946_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.2337\/db10-1579","volume":"60","author":"O Chan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chan O, Paranjape S, Czyzyk D, Horblitt A, Zhu W, Ding Y, Fan X, Seashore M, Sherwin R (2011) Increased GABAergic output in the ventromedial hypothalamus contributes to impaired hypoglycemic counterregulation in diabetic rats. Diabetes 60(5):1582\u20131589. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/db10-1579","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"12946_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2014.12.011","volume":"10","author":"SM Correa","year":"2015","unstructured":"Correa SM, Newstrom DW, Warne JP, Flandin P, Cheung CC, Lin-Moore AT, Pierce AA, Xu AW, Rubenstein JL, Ingraham HA (2015) An estrogen-responsive module in the ventromedial hypothalamus selectively drives sex-specific activity in females. Cell Rep 10:62\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2014.12.011","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"12946_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00069.2013","volume":"29","author":"CM Donovan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Donovan CM, Watts AG (2014) Peripheral and central glucose sensing in hypoglycemic detection. Physiology (Bethesda) 29(5):314\u2013324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physiol.00069.2013","journal-title":"Physiology (Bethesda)"},{"issue":"4","key":"12946_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1080\/17512433.2017.1293521","volume":"10","author":"SA Hamed","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hamed SA (2017) Brain injury with diabetes mellitus: evidence, mechanisms and treatment implications. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 10(4):409\u2013428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17512433.2017.1293521","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"12946_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2170","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-005-1913-1","volume":"48","author":"SM Han","year":"2005","unstructured":"Han SM, Namkoong C, Jang PG (2005) Hypothalamic AMP-activated protein kinase mediates counter-regulatory responses to hypoglycaemia in rats. Diabetologia 48:2170\u20132178","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"12946_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.2337\/db07-0837","volume":"57","author":"RJ McCrimmon","year":"2008","unstructured":"McCrimmon RJ, Shaw M, Fan X (2008) Key role for AMP-activated protein kinase in the ventromedial hypothalamus in regulating counterregulatory hormone responses to acute hypoglycemia. Diabetes 57:444\u2013450","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"12946_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1580","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4644","volume":"20","author":"K Hashikawa","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hashikawa K, Hashikawa Y, Tremblay R, Zhang J, Feng JE, Sabol A, Piper WT, Lee H, Rudy B, Lin D (2017) Esr1 + cells in the ventromedial hypothalamus control female aggression. Nat Neurosci 20:1580\u20131590. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nn.4644","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"12946_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","volume":"25","author":"KJ Livak","year":"2001","unstructured":"Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD (2001) Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2-Delta Delta C(t) method. Methods 25:402\u2013408. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"12946_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcn.2019.01.004","volume":"95","author":"ASMH Mahmood","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mahmood ASMH, Bheemanapally K, Mandal SK, Ibrahim MMH, Briski KP (2019) Norepinephrine control of ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus glucoregulatory neurotransmitter expression in the female rat: role of monocarboxylate transporter function. Mol Cell Neurosci 95:51\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mcn.2019.01.004","journal-title":"Mol Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"12946_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.npep.2018.10.003","volume":"72","author":"ASMH Mahmood","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mahmood ASMH, Uddin MM, Mandal SK, Ibrahim MMH, Alhamami HN, Briski KP (2018) Sex differences in forebrain estrogen receptor regulation of hypoglycemic patterns of counter-regulatory hormone secretion and ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus gluco-regulatory neurotransmitter and astrocyte glycogen metabolic enzyme expression. Neuropeptides 72:65\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.npep.2018.10.003","journal-title":"Neuropeptides"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"12946_CR23","first-page":"119","volume":"5","author":"DL Martin","year":"1998","unstructured":"Martin DL, Barke KE (1998) Are GAD65 and GAD67 associated with specific pools of GABA in brain? Perspect Dev Neurobiol 5(2\u20133):119\u2013129","journal-title":"Perspect Dev Neurobiol"},{"key":"12946_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2014.03.031","volume":"20","author":"PB Mart\u00ednez de Morentin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez de Morentin PB, Gonz\u00e1lez-Garc\u00eda I, Martins L, Lage R, Fern\u00e1ndez-Mallo D, Mart\u00ednez-S\u00e1nchez N, Ru\u00edz-Pino F, Liu J, Morgan DA, Pinilla L, Gallego R, Saha AK, Kalsbeek A, Fliers E, Bisschop PH, Di\u00e9guez C, Nogueiras R, Rahmouni K, Tena-Sempere M, L\u00f3pez M (2014) Estradiol regulates brown adipose tissue thermogenesis via hypothalamic AMPK. Cell Metab 20:41\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmet.2014.03.031","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"12946_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2501","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0610787104","volume":"104","author":"S Musatov","year":"2007","unstructured":"Musatov S, Chen W, Pfaff DW, Mobbs CV, Yang XJ, Clegg DJ, Kaplitt MG, Ogawa S (2007) Silencing of estrogen receptor alpha in the ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus leads to metabolic syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:2501\u20132506. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0610787104","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"12946_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2019.05.007","volume":"411","author":"PR Napit","year":"2019","unstructured":"Napit PR, Ali MH, Shakya M, Mandal SK, Bheemanapally K, Mahmood ASMH, Ibrahim MMH, Briski KP (2019) Hindbrain estrogen receptor regulation of counter-regulatory hormone secretion and ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus glycogen content and glucoregulatory transmitter signaling in hypoglycemic female rats. Neuroscience 411:211\u2013221. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2019.05.007","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"12946_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.70094","author":"MB Pasula","year":"2025","unstructured":"Pasula MB, Sapkota S, Yadav R, Briski KP (2025) Male-specific ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus glutamate decarboxylase (GAD)-2\/GAD65 regulation of counterregulatory transmitter marker gene expression and peripheral hormone profiles. J Neurosci Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jnr.70094","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"12946_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2350","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.4c00206","volume":"15","author":"S Sapkota","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sapkota S, Briski KP (2024) Sex-dimorphic effects of hypoglycemia on metabolic sensor mRNA expression in ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus-dorsomedial division (VMNdm) growth hormone-releasing hormone neurons. ACS Chem Neurosci 15(11):2350\u20132358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acschemneuro.4c00206","journal-title":"ACS Chem Neurosci"},{"key":"12946_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2023.08.006","volume":"529","author":"S Sapkota","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sapkota S, Haider Ali M, Alshamrani AA, Napit PR, Roy SC, Pasula MB, Briski KP (2023) GHRH neurons from the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus provide dynamic and sex-specific input to the brain glucose-regulatory network. Neuroscience 529:73\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2023.08.006","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"12946_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-809324-5.02341-5","author":"A Schousboe","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schousboe A, Waagepetersen HS (2017) Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Refer Mod Neurosci Biobehav Psychol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-12-809324-5.02341-5","journal-title":"Refer Mod Neurosci Biobehav Psychol"},{"key":"12946_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2013.00038","volume":"7","author":"JL Stobart","year":"2013","unstructured":"Stobart JL, Anderson CM (2013) Multifunctional role of astrocytes as gatekeepers of neuronal energy supply. Front Cell Neurosci 7:38. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fncel.2013.00038","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"12946_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2014.00428","author":"E Tavazzani","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tavazzani E, Tritto S, Spaiardi P, Botta L, Manca M, Prigoni I, Masetto S, Russo G (2014) Glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 expression by a distinct population of mouse vestibular supporting cells. Front Cell Neurosci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fncel.2014.00428","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"12946_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/s12868-020-00598-w","volume":"21","author":"MM Uddin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Uddin MM, Bheemanapally K, Ibrahim MMH, Briski KP (2020) Sex-dimorphic neuroestradiol regulation of ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus glucoregulatory transmitter and glycogen metabolism enzyme protein expression in the rat. BMC Neurosci 21(1):51. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12868-020-00598-w. (PMID: 33238883)","journal-title":"BMC Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"12946_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2009.10.006","volume":"31","author":"AG Watts","year":"2010","unstructured":"Watts AG, Donovan CM (2010) Sweet talk in the brain: glucosensing, neural networks, and hypoglycemic counterregulation. Front Neuroendocrinol 31(1):32\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yfrne.2009.10.006","journal-title":"Front Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"12946_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/s0014-5793(96)01209-4","volume":"397","author":"A Woods","year":"1996","unstructured":"Woods A, Salt I, Scott J, Hardie DG, Carling D (1996) The alpha1 and alpha2 isoforms of the AMP-activated protein kinase have similar activities in rat liver but exhibit differences in substrate specificity in vitro. FEBS Lett 397:347\u2013351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0014-5793(96)01209-4","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"12946_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.04.017","volume":"153","author":"CF Yang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yang CF, Chiang MC, Gray DC, Prabhakaran M, Alvarado M, Juntti SA, Unger EK, Wells JA, Shah NM (2013) Sexually dimorphic neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamus govern mating in both sexes and aggression in males. Cell 153:896\u2013909. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2013.04.017","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"12946_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12024-023-00681-8","author":"S Zhao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhao S, Liu Z, Ma L, Yin M, Zhou Y (2023) Potential biomarkers in hypoglycemic brain injury. Forensic Sci Med Pathol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12024-023-00681-8","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Med Pathol"}],"container-title":["Molecular Biology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11033-026-12946-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11033-026-12946-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11033-026-12946-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T10:39:38Z","timestamp":1792579178000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11033-026-12946-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["12946"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11033-026-12946-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-4851","1573-4978"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4851","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-4978","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 October 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 October 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"conflicts of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors verify that this work has not been published previously, it is approved by all authors, and that if accepted for publication, it will not be published elsewhere without written consent of the copyright-holder.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Submission declaration","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All animal experimental procedures were performed in accordance with the National Institutes of Health Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th Edition, under approval of the University of Louisiana at Monroe IACUC committee, as stated in the submitted manuscript. Sex of animals used is included, along with discussion of sex impacts on study outcomes.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Animal use","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"1772"}}