{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T15:07:48Z","timestamp":1761491268740,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,15]],"date-time":"2021-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621036800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,15]],"date-time":"2021-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/TOO5572\/1","MR\/R015600\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/TOO5572\/1","MR\/R015600\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mycopathologia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Fungal infection and sensitization are common in chronic respiratory patient populations such as bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cystic fibrosis (CF) and are often associated with prolonged antifungal therapy (Hohmann et al. in Clin Infect Dis 15:939\u2013940, 2010; Vissichelli et al. in Infect Prev Pract 1:100029, 2019), morbidity, and mortality. Although the use of antifungal stewardship (AFS) is increasing within an invasive fungal disease setting, its use and impact within a chronic respiratory setting have not been defined.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A systematic literature review was conducted using PRISMA guidelines to evaluate the use of antifungal stewardship within a chronic respiratory care setting. Three databases have been searched, Medline via Ovid, Embase and GlobalHealth, for papers published between 1949 and 2020.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The initial search identified 987 papers from Medline, 1761 papers from Embase, and 481 papers from GlobalHealth. Only 28 papers met the criteria for inclusion in this systematic literature review. The included studies were subjected to CASP and GRADE assessments to rank their quality and applicability. Only two studies were focussed on <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic> species infection.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Although antifungal stewardship is increasing, its applications are still limited in chronic respiratory care settings despite the prolonged requirement for antifungal therapy and high antimicrobial resistance.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-021-00547-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]],"date-time":"2021-07-15T10:02:41Z","timestamp":1626343361000},"page":"673-684","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Healthcare Utilization and Impact of Antifungal Stewardships Within Respiratory Care Settings: A Systematic Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"186","author":[{"given":"Salma","family":"Aldossary","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5257-520X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anand","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"547_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1086\/650740","volume":"15","author":"C Hohmann","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hohmann C, Kang EM, Jancel T. Rifampin and posaconazole coadministration leads to decreased serum posaconazole concentrations. Clin Infect Dis. 2010;50(6):939\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/650740.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis."},{"key":"547_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infpip.2019.100029","volume":"1","author":"NC Vissichelli","year":"2019","unstructured":"Vissichelli NC, Miller K, McCarty JM, Roberts CH, Stevens MP, De La Cruz O. Bronchoalveolar lavage to evaluate new pulmonary infiltrates in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: impact on antimicrobial optimization. Infect Prev Pract. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.infpip.2019.100029.","journal-title":"Infect Prev Pract."},{"issue":"4","key":"547_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.3390\/jof3040057","volume":"3","author":"F Bongomin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bongomin F, Gago S, Oladele RO, Denning DW. Global and multi-national prevalence of fungal diseases\u2014estimate precision. J Fungi. 2017;3(4):57.","journal-title":"J Fungi"},{"issue":"2","key":"547_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003514","volume":"47","author":"AM Morris","year":"2019","unstructured":"Morris AM, Bai A, Burry L, Dresser LD, Ferguson ND, Lapinsky SE, et al. Long-term effects of phased implementation of antimicrobial stewardship in academic ICUs: 2007\u20132015. Crit Care Med. 2019;47(2):159\u201366.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med."},{"key":"547_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir179","volume":"52","author":"DW Denning","year":"2011","unstructured":"Denning DW, Park S, Lass-Florl C, Fraczek MG, Kirwan M, Gore R, et al. High-frequency triazole resistance found in nonculturable Aspergillus fumigatus from LUNGS OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC FUNGAL DISEASE. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;52:1123\u20139.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"36","key":"547_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22473","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2003700117","volume":"117","author":"CH Kowalski","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kowalski CH, Morelli KA, Schultz D, Nadell CD, Cramer RA. Fungal biofilm architecture produces hypoxic microenvironments that drive antifungal resistance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020;117(36):22473\u201383.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A."},{"issue":"4","key":"547_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.28145","volume":"67","author":"M Science","year":"2020","unstructured":"Science M, Timberlake K. Antifungal stewardship: a budding branch of antimicrobial stewardship. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2020;67(4):e28145.","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer."},{"key":"547_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ885","volume":"62","author":"PE Verweij","year":"2016","unstructured":"Verweij PE, Chowdhary A, Melchers WJG, Meis JF. Azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus: can we retain the clinical use of mold-active antifungal azoles? Clin Infect Dis. 2016;62:362\u20138.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"547_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Browne A, Wilkie M, Waqar A, Shaw A, Hill K, Rae N, et al. P138 Improving anti-fungal stewardship and the management of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis through a complex lung infection MDT. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/thorax-2019-btsabstracts2019.281.","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax-2019-btsabstracts2019.281"},{"key":"547_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s40588-016-0039-1","volume":"3","author":"B Andruszko","year":"2016","unstructured":"Andruszko B, Dodds Ashley E. Antifungal stewardship: an emerging practice in antimicrobial stewardship. Curr Clin Microbiol Rep. 2016;3:111\u20139.","journal-title":"Curr Clin Microbiol Rep."},{"issue":"4","key":"547_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.9720","volume":"12","author":"S \u00c7eken","year":"2018","unstructured":"\u00c7eken S, \u0130skender G, Gedik H, Duygu F, Mert D, Kaya AH, et al. Risk factors for bloodstream infections due to extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae in cancer patients. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2018;12(4):265\u201372.","journal-title":"J Infect Dev Ctries"},{"issue":"4","key":"547_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0306-5251.2001.01456.x","volume":"52","author":"R Lagnaoui","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lagnaoui R, Moore N, Dartigues JF, Fourrier A, B\u00e9gaud B. Benzodiazepine use and wine consumption in the French elderly. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2001;52(4):455\u20136.","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol."},{"key":"547_CR13","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. J Clin Epidemiol. 2021 Mar 17:S0895-4356(21)00073\u20131."},{"key":"547_CR14","unstructured":"Veritas Health Innovation. Covidence systematic review software, Veritas Health Innovation, Melbourne, Australia. 2020; Available at www.covidence.org. Melb. Aust. 2018."},{"key":"547_CR15","first-page":"8","volume":"9","author":"GH Guyatt","year":"2009","unstructured":"Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist GE, Kunz R, Falck-Ytter Y, Alonso-Coello P, et al. GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. Chin J Evid-Based Med. 2009;9:8\u201311.","journal-title":"Chin J Evid-Based Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"547_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.04.026","volume":"64","author":"G Guyatt","year":"2011","unstructured":"Guyatt G, Oxman AD, Akl EA, Kunz R, Vist G, Brozek J, et al. GRADE guidelines: 1. Introduction\u2014GRADE evidence profiles and summary of findings tables. J Clin Epidemiol. 2011;64(4):383\u201394.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol."},{"key":"547_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nwankwo L, Periselneris J, Cheong J, Thompson K, Darby P, Leaver N, et al. A prospective real-world study of the impact of an antifungal stewardship program in a tertiary respiratory-medicine setting. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2018;62(10). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AAC.00402-18.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00402-18"},{"issue":"4","key":"547_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115086","volume":"97","author":"TD Steuber","year":"2020","unstructured":"Steuber TD, Tucker-Heard G, Edwards J, Sawyer A, Thottacherry E, Hassoun A. Utilization and impact of a rapid Candida panel on antifungal stewardship program within a large community hospital. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2020;97(4):115086.","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis."},{"issue":"6","key":"547_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1159\/000264672","volume":"55","author":"S Swoboda","year":"2009","unstructured":"Swoboda S, Lichtenstern C, Ober MC, Taylor LA, St\u00f6rzinger D, Michel A, et al. Implementation of practice guidelines for antifungal therapy in a surgical intensive care unit and its impact on use and costs. Chemotherapy. 2009;55(6):418\u201324.","journal-title":"Chemotherapy."},{"issue":"4","key":"547_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2014.01.012","volume":"44","author":"S Alfandari","year":"2014","unstructured":"Alfandari S, Berthon C, Coiteux V. Antifungal stewardship: implementation in a French teaching hospital. Med Mal Infect. 2014;44(4):154\u20138.","journal-title":"Med Mal Infect."},{"issue":"5","key":"547_CR21","first-page":"304","volume":"30","author":"F Menichetti","year":"2018","unstructured":"Menichetti F, Bertolino G, Sozio E, Carmignani C, Rosselli Del Turco E, Tagliaferri E, et al. Impact of infectious diseases consultation as a part of an antifungal stewardship programme on candidemia outcome in an Italian tertiary-care, University hospital. J Chemother. 2018;30(5):304\u20139.","journal-title":"University hospital. J Chemother."},{"key":"547_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-019-03477-3","volume":"38","author":"C Agnelli","year":"2019","unstructured":"Agnelli C, Valerio M, Bouza E, Vena A, Guinea J, del Carmen M-J, et al. Persistent Candidemia in adults: underlying causes and clinical significance in the antifungal stewardship era. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2019;38:607\u201314.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"547_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ii37","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkw395","volume":"71","author":"S Agrawal","year":"2016","unstructured":"Agrawal S, Barnes R, Br\u00fcggemann RJ, Rautemaa-Richardson R, Warris A. The role of the multidisciplinary team in antifungal stewardship. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2016;71:ii37-42.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother."},{"issue":"1","key":"547_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dky389","volume":"74","author":"L Whitney","year":"2019","unstructured":"Whitney L, Al-Ghusein H, Glass S, Koh M, Klammer M, Ball J, et al. Effectiveness of an antifungal stewardship programme at a London teaching hospital 2010\u201316. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2019;74(1):234\u201341.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother."},{"issue":"6","key":"547_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkz075","volume":"74","author":"J Periselneris","year":"2019","unstructured":"Periselneris J, Nwankwo L, Schelenz S, Shah A, Armstrong-James D. Posaconazole for the treatment of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in patients with cystic fibrosis. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2019;74(6):1701\u20133.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother."},{"issue":"2","key":"547_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2019.06.009","volume":"79","author":"S Schelenz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schelenz S, Owens K, Guy R, Rautemaa-Richardson R, Manuel RJ, Richardson M, et al. National mycology laboratory diagnostic capacity for invasive fungal diseases in 2017: evidence of sub-optimal practice. J Infect. 2019;79(2):167\u201373.","journal-title":"J Infect."},{"key":"547_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-018-0251-z","volume":"183","author":"M Boyle","year":"2018","unstructured":"Boyle M, Moore JE, Whitehouse JL, Bilton D, Downey DG. Laboratory diagnosis and characterization of fungal disease in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF): a survey of current UK practice in a cohort of clinical microbiology laboratories. Mycopathologia. 2018;183:723\u20139.","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"547_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2146","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkr244","volume":"66","author":"DN Shah","year":"2011","unstructured":"Shah DN, Yau R, Weston J, Lasco TM, Salazar M, Palmer HR et al. Evaluation of antifungal therapy in patients with candidaemia based on susceptibility testing results: implications for antimicrobial stewardship programmes. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2011;66:2146\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jac\/dkr244.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother."},{"key":"547_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mondain V, Lieutier F, Gari-Toussaint M, Hasseine L, Lions C, Pulcini C. Impact of an antifungal stewardship programme in a teaching hospital: a prospective study. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2012.","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-013-0431-1"},{"key":"547_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-013-0431-1","volume":"41","author":"V Mondain","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mondain V, Lieutier F, Hasseine L, Gari-Toussaint M, Poiree M, Lions C, et al. A 6-year antifungal stewardship programme in a teaching hospital. Infection. 2013;41:621\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s15010-013-0431-1.","journal-title":"Infection."},{"key":"547_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2012.03891.x","author":"F L\u00f3pez-Medrano","year":"2013","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez-Medrano F, Juan R, Lizasoain M, Catal\u00e1n M, Ferrari J, Chaves F, et al. A non-compulsory stewardship programme for the management of antifungals in a university-affiliated hospital. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2013;. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2012.03891.x.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect."},{"key":"547_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12329","author":"P Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mu\u00f1oz P, Valerio M, Vena A, Bouza E. Antifungal stewardship in daily practice and health economic implications. Mycoses. 2015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/myc.12329.","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"547_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13129","volume":"63","author":"Y Hamada","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hamada Y, Ueda T, Miyazaki Y, Nakajima K, Fukunaga K, Miyazaki T, et al. Effects of antifungal stewardship using therapeutic drug monitoring in voriconazole therapy on the prevention and control of hepatotoxicity and visual symptoms: a multicentre study conducted in Japan. Mycoses. 2020;63:779\u2013778. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/myc.13129.","journal-title":"Mycoses."},{"key":"547_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2019.02.020","volume":"94","author":"AS Shah","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shah AS, O'Horo JC, Tang S, Bryson AL, Wengenack NL, Sampathkumar P. Fungal diagnostic stewardship in bronchoscopy specimens for immunocompetent patients in the intensive care unit. Mayo Clin Proc. 2019;94:1781\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mayocp.2019.02.020.","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc."},{"key":"547_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3488","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dky360","volume":"73","author":"R Rautemaa-Richardson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rautemaa-Richardson R, Rautemaa V, Al-Wathiqi F, Moore CB, Craig L, Felton TW, et al. Impact of a diagnostics-driven antifungal stewardship programme in a UK tertiary referral teaching hospital. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2018;73:3488\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jac\/dky360.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother."},{"key":"547_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.1186","volume":"33","author":"A Antworth","year":"2013","unstructured":"Antworth A, Collins CD, Kunapuli A, Klein K, Carver P, Gandhi T, et al. Impact of an antimicrobial stewardship program comprehensive care bundle on management of candidemia. Pharmacotherapy. 2013;33:137\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/phar.1186.","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy."},{"key":"547_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2013.11.012","volume":"78","author":"EE Reed","year":"2014","unstructured":"Reed EE, West JE, Keating EA, Pancholi P, Balada-Llasat J-M, Mangino JE, et al. Improving the management of candidemia through antimicrobial stewardship interventions. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2014;78:157\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2013.11.012.","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis."},{"key":"547_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2015.11.026","volume":"84","author":"A Veringa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Veringa A, Sturkenboom MGG, Dekkers BGJ, Koster RA, Roberts JA, Peloquin CA, et al. LC-MS\/MS for therapeutic drug monitoring of anti-infective drugs. TrAC Trends Anal Chem. 2016;84:34\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trac.2015.11.026.","journal-title":"TrAC - Trends Anal Chem."},{"key":"547_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myv076","volume":"62","author":"MA Pfaller","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pfaller MA, Castanheira M. Nosocomial candidiasis: antifungal stewardship and the importance of rapid diagnosis. Med Mycol. 2016;62:698\u2013705. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/mmy\/myv076.","journal-title":"Med Mycol."},{"key":"547_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12948","author":"AG M\u00e4rtson","year":"2019","unstructured":"M\u00e4rtson AG, Veringa A, van den Heuvel ER, Bakker M, Touw DJ, van der Werf TS, et al. Posaconazole therapeutic drug monitoring in clinical practice and longitudinal analysis of the effect of routine laboratory measurements on posaconazole concentrations. Mycoses. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/myc.12948.","journal-title":"Mycoses."},{"key":"547_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2019.01.015","volume":"25","author":"H Kawaguchi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kawaguchi H, Yamada K, Imoto W, Yamairi K, Shibata W, Namikawa H, et al. The effects of antifungal stewardship programs at a tertiary-care teaching hospital in Japan. J Infec Chemother. 2019;25:458\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiac.2019.01.015.","journal-title":"J Infec Chemother."},{"key":"547_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpt.12809","volume":"44","author":"S Ito-Takeichi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ito-Takeichi S, Niwa T, Fujibayashi A, Suzuki K, Ohta H, Niwa A, et al. The impact of implementing an antifungal stewardship with monitoring of 1\u20133, \u03b2-D-glucan values on antifungal consumption and clinical outcomes. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2019;44:454\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpt.12809.","journal-title":"J Clin Pharm Ther."},{"key":"547_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofz360.342","author":"P Gurram","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gurram P, Vashistha K, O\u2019Horo JC, Shah A. Fungal culture diagnostic Stewardship: an avenue for antimicrobial stewardship in the immunocompromised host. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ofid\/ofz360.342.","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis."},{"key":"547_CR44","unstructured":"Chabavizadeh J, Sadeghi M, Chadeganipour M,\nGhahri M, Dehghan P. The antifungal effects of alcoholic extract of Ganoderma lucidum on candida isolates. In: 8th trends in medical mycology, organised under the auspices of EORTC-IDG and ECMM, 6-9 October 2017, Belgrade, Serbia (2017)."},{"key":"547_CR45","unstructured":"Hashemi J. Identification of species and evaluation drug susceptibility of Candida isolated from patients with visceral candidiasis by disk diffusion and micro-dilution methods. In: 5th international conference on parasitology & microbiology, July 12\u201313, 2018 Paris, France (2018)."},{"issue":"5","key":"547_CR46","first-page":"S513","volume":"2018","author":"S Cavalieri","year":"1808","unstructured":"Cavalieri S, Kwon S, Vivekanandan R, Ased S, Carroll C, Schmidt D, et al. Matrix-assisted laser desorption\/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) and Vitek 2 along with antimicrobial Stewardship (ASP) result in faster antimicrobial therapy for infected patients: the CHI health experience. Open Forum Infect Dis. 1808;2018(5):S513.","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis."}],"container-title":["Mycopathologia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11046-021-00547-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11046-021-00547-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11046-021-00547-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,22]],"date-time":"2021-10-22T17:52:06Z","timestamp":1634925126000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11046-021-00547-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,15]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["547"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11046-021-00547-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-486X","1573-0832"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0301-486X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1573-0832"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 January 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 March 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 May 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}