{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T02:45:53Z","timestamp":1791859553806,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786060800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mycopathologia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Candida parapsilosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    sensu stricto has emerged as a major cause of healthcare-associated candidemia, with increasing reports of fluconazole resistance worldwide. This resistance is most commonly associated with amino acid substitutions in Erg11p, particularly Y132F; however, regional variation in resistance mechanisms and clonal dissemination remains not fully understood. This study investigated the molecular epidemiology and genomic landscape of fluconazole-resistant\n                    <jats:italic>C. parapsilosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    in Paran\u00e1, Southern Brazil, over a 10-year period. A total of 54 resistant isolates identified between 2014 and 2024 were retrospectively analyzed; 51 viable isolates were confirmed by species identification, antifungal susceptibility testing, and microsatellite genotyping. A subset of 18 representative isolates underwent whole-genome sequencing for phylogenomic analysis. Variants in genes associated with azole resistance, including\n                    <jats:italic>ERG11<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>MRR1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>TAC1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>CDR1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>MDR1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>ERG3<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>ERG6<\/jats:italic>\n                    , were characterized. Fluconazole resistance emerged in 2018 and increased thereafter. Phylogenomic analysis revealed two geographically structured lineages: a dominant clone circulating across multiple healthcare institutions in the Curitiba metropolitan area\u00a0and a second lineage restricted to the northern region of the state. The dominant clone showed minimal genomic diversity (0\u20135 SNPs), consistent with long-term persistence. A conserved resistance profile was observed, with 17 of 18 sequenced isolates harboring the K143R substitution in Erg11p, while all retained the wild-type residue at position 132. The single isolate lacking\n                    <jats:italic>ERG11<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutations carried a novel C849Y substitution in the Mrr1p regulator. These findings demonstrate the emergence and persistence of a highly clonal fluconazole-resistant\n                    <jats:italic>C. parapsilosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    lineage in Southern Brazil, characterized by a conserved K143R substitution independent of Y132F. The detection of closely related isolates across different hospitals underscores the need for regional genomic surveillance of hospital-adapted fungal pathogens.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-026-01095-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T15:11:57Z","timestamp":1786115517000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Retrospective Molecular Epidemiology Study: Emergence and dissemination of Azole-Resistant Candida parapsilosis Sensu Stricto in Southern Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"191","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9774-8650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luiza Souza","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"da Concei\u00e7\u00e3o Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Paula Santiago","family":"Chacon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriele Celine","family":"Siqueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gisele Aparecida","family":"Bernardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo","family":"Pillonetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vania Aparecida","family":"Vicente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lavinia Nery Villa Stangler","family":"Arend","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terezinha Inez Estivalet","family":"Svidzinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9636-1817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Libera Maria","family":"Dalla-Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"1095_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e280","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(24)00749-7","volume":"25","author":"OA Cornely","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cornely OA, Sprute R, Bassetti M, et al. Global guideline for the diagnosis and management of candidiasis: an initiative of the ECMM in cooperation with ISHAM and ASM. Lancet Infect Dis. 2025;25(5):e280\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1473-3099(24)00749-7.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"1095_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkad139","volume":"78","author":"A Soriano","year":"2023","unstructured":"Soriano A, Honore PM, Puerta-Alcalde P, et al. Invasive candidiasis: current clinical challenges and unmet needs in adult populations. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2023;78(7):1569\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jac\/dkad139.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"1095_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof3040057","author":"F Bongomin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bongomin F, Gago S, Oladele RO, Denning DW. Global and multi-national prevalence of fungal diseases\u2014estimate precision. J Fungi. 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jof3040057.","journal-title":"J Fungi"},{"key":"1095_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0059373","author":"M Nucci","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nucci M, Queiroz-Telles F, Alvarado-Matute T, et al. Epidemiology of candidemia in Latin America: a laboratory-based survey. PLoS ONE. 2013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0059373.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1095_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S459600","volume":"16","author":"DJ Bays","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bays DJ, Jenkins EN, Lyman M, et al. Epidemiology of invasive candidiasis. Clin Epidemiol. 2024;16:549\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/CLEP.S459600.","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"1095_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof9010080","author":"J Branco","year":"2023","unstructured":"Branco J, Miranda IM, Rodrigues AG. 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Emerging antifungal resistance in Candida parapsilosis: the end of the innocence. npj Antimicrob Resist. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s44259-025-00173-5.","journal-title":"npj Antimicrob Resist"},{"key":"1095_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/ffunb.2022.1010782","author":"P Escribano","year":"2022","unstructured":"Escribano P, Guinea J. Fluconazole-resistant Candida parapsilosis: a new emerging threat in the fungi arena. Front Fungal Biol. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/ffunb.2022.1010782.","journal-title":"Front Fungal Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1095_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1007\/s12281-022-00439-9","volume":"16","author":"A Habibzadeh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Habibzadeh A, Lankarani KB, Farjam M, et al. Prevalence of fungal drug resistance in COVID-19 infection: a global meta-analysis. 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