{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T02:46:01Z","timestamp":1791859561167,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mycopathologia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-026-01099-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T08:17:18Z","timestamp":1789460238000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Survival in Immunocompromised Adults with Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia: A Multicenter ID-IRI Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"191","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9983-0308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasemin","family":"Cag","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hulya","family":"Caskurlu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Handan","family":"Ankarali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Cascio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Botond","family":"Lakatos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aron","family":"Lakatos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roxana","family":"Cernat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah Umut","family":"Pekok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ergys","family":"Ramosaco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sholpan","family":"Kulzhanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristiana","family":"Oprea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Lanzafame","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atousa","family":"Hakamifard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamed Azhdari","family":"Tehrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nevin","family":"\u0130nce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rusmir","family":"Baljic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bilal Ahmad","family":"Rahimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gokhan","family":"Vatansever","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meltem","family":"Tasbakan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Halenur","family":"Vural-Akbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Quiles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sevil","family":"Alkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arjan","family":"Harxhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irina Magdalena","family":"Dumitru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nesibe","family":"Korkmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aisha","family":"Al Naqbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tarsila","family":"Vieceli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gulden","family":"Eser-Karlidag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reham","family":"Khedr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Goffredo","family":"Angioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahad","family":"Almajid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa Fontana","family":"Del Vecchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmet Cem","family":"Yard\u0131mc\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hakan","family":"Erdem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"1099_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/OFID\/OFAF289","volume":"12","author":"AK M\u00f8ller","year":"2025","unstructured":"M\u00f8ller AK, Schnoor SB, Petersen I, Martin-Iguacel R, Kronborg G, Larsen CS, et al. Pneumocystis pneumonia\u2014is it still a threat among people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? A Danish HIV cohort study. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2025;12:ofaf289. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/OFID\/OFAF289.","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"1099_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FPUBH.2019.00275\/BIBTEX","volume":"7","author":"E Pereira-D\u00edaz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pereira-D\u00edaz E, Moreno-Verdejo F, de la Horra C, Guerrero JA, Calder\u00f3n EJ, Medrano FJ. Changing trends in the epidemiology and risk factors of pneumocystis pneumonia in Spain. Front Public Health. 2019;7:487652. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/FPUBH.2019.00275\/BIBTEX.","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"1099_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.7883\/YOKEN.JJID.2018.400","volume":"72","author":"HY Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee HY, Choi SH, Kim T, Chang J, Kim SH, Lee SO, et al. Epidemiologic trends and clinical features of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in non-HIV patients in a tertiary-care hospital in Korea over a 15-year-period. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2019;72:270\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7883\/YOKEN.JJID.2018.400.","journal-title":"Jpn J Infect Dis"},{"key":"1099_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.038","volume":"165","author":"SJ Scherger","year":"2024","unstructured":"Scherger SJ, Kalil AC. Changes in the mortality rate and epidemiology of pneumocystis pneumonia require novel approaches to clinical care. Chest. 2024;165:1273\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.038.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"1099_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59729","DOI":"10.18632\/ONCOTARGET.19927","volume":"8","author":"Y Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu Y, Su L, Jiang SJ, Qu H. Risk factors for mortality from Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in non-HIV patients: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget. 2017;8:59729\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/ONCOTARGET.19927.","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"1099_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.015","volume":"165","author":"R L\u00e9cuyer","year":"2024","unstructured":"L\u00e9cuyer R, Gousseff M, Crabol Y, L\u00e9cuyer R, Lavergne R, Morio F, et al. Characteristics and prognosis factors of pneumocystis Jirovecii pneumonia according to underlying disease: a retrospective multicenter study. Chest. 2024;165:1319\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.015.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"1099_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.2169\/INTERNALMEDICINE.4090-24","volume":"64","author":"J Taniguchi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Taniguchi J, Aso S, Jo T, Matsui H, Fushimi K, Yasunaga H. Prognostic factors of in-hospital mortality in patients without human immunodeficiency virus infection with pneumocystis pneumonia: a retrospective cohort study. Intern Med. 2024;64:651. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2169\/INTERNALMEDICINE.4090-24.","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"1099_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/JOURNAL.PONE.0101943","volume":"9","author":"F Guo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Guo F, Chen Y, Yang SL, Xia H, Li XW, Tong ZH. Pneumocystis pneumonia in HIV-infected and immunocompromised non-HIV infected patients: a retrospective study of two centers in China. PLoS ONE. 2014;9:e101943. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/JOURNAL.PONE.0101943.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1099_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1111\/AJCO.14156;PAGEGROUP:STRING:PUBLICATION","volume":"21","author":"S Chatterji","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chatterji S, Franchi V, Konnakottu AJ, Das P, Mukherjee S, Bhattacharya S, et al. Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in Cancer patients, a lethal yet fully preventable disease: insights from a tertiary cancer Center in East India. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol. 2025;21:319\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/AJCO.14156;PAGEGROUP:STRING:PUBLICATION.","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1099_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102439","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JIPH.2024.04.023","volume":"17","author":"MCY Koh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Koh MCY, Ngiam JN, Tambyah PA, Lum LHW. Elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase aids prediction of mortality in Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia without underlying human immunodeficiency virus infection \u2013 derivation of a clinical risk score. J Infect Public Health. 2024;17:102439. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.JIPH.2024.04.023.","journal-title":"J Infect Public Health"},{"key":"1099_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3055","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S349786","volume":"15","author":"Q Feng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Feng Q, Hao J, Li A, Tong Z. Nomograms for death from pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected patients. Int J Gen Med. 2022;15:3055. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IJGM.S349786.","journal-title":"Int J Gen Med."},{"key":"1099_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S114","DOI":"10.1093\/CID\/CIAA1805","volume":"72","author":"K Lagrou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lagrou K, Chen S, Masur H, Viscoli C, Decker CF, Pagano L, et al. Pneumocystis jirovecii disease: basis for the revised EORTC\/MSGERC invasive fungal disease definitions in individuals without human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Infect Dis. 2021;72:S114\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/CID\/CIAA1805.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"1099_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1751-0473-3-17","author":"Z Bursac","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bursac Z, Gauss CH, Williams DK, Hosmer DW. Purposeful selection of variables in logistic regression. Source Code Biol Med. 2008. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1751-0473-3-17.","journal-title":"Source Code Biol Med"},{"key":"1099_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2020.07.029","volume":"96","author":"A Kanj","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kanj A, Samhouri B, Abdallah N, Chehab O, Baqir M. Host factors and outcomes in hospitalizations for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in the United States. Mayo Clin Proc. 2021;96:400\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mayocp.2020.07.029.","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"1099_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1086\/319866","volume":"183","author":"MS Dworkin","year":"2001","unstructured":"Dworkin MS, Hanson DL. Survival of patients with AIDS, after diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, in the United States. J Infect Dis. 2001;183:1409\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/319866.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"1099_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1086\/526778","volume":"46","author":"PD Walzer","year":"1985","unstructured":"Walzer PD, Evans HER, Copas AJ, Edwards SG, Grant AD, Miller RF. Early predictors of mortality from Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in HIV-infected patients: 1985\u20132006. Clin Infect Dis. 1985;46:625. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/526778.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"1099_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FPUBH.2022.972311\/FULL","author":"F Jin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jin F, Liang H, Chen WC, Xie J, Wang HL. Development and validation of tools for predicting the risk of death and ICU admission of non-HIV-infected patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. Front Public Health. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/FPUBH.2022.972311\/FULL.","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"1099_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1186\/S13613-019-0604-X","volume":"9","author":"BJ Gaborit","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gaborit BJ, Tessoulin B, Lavergne RA, Morio F, Sagan C, Canet E, et al. Outcome and prognostic factors of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in immunocompromised adults: a prospective observational study. Ann Intensive Care. 2019;9:131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/S13613-019-0604-X.","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"key":"1099_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/OFID\/OFAF390","author":"AM Pulsipher","year":"2025","unstructured":"Pulsipher AM, Vikram HR, Gotway MB, Cartin-Ceba R, Henry KJ, Johnson AM, et al. An observational analysis of a large cohort of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/OFID\/OFAF390.","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"1099_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.3947\/IC.2024.0148","volume":"57","author":"R Lee","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lee R, Huh K, Kang CK, Kim YC, Kim JH, Kim H, et al. Diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in non-HIV immunocompromised patient in Korea: a review and algorithm proposed by expert consensus group. Infect Chemother. 2025;57:45\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3947\/IC.2024.0148.","journal-title":"Infect Chemother"},{"key":"1099_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.117.4.1031","volume":"117","author":"B Afessa","year":"2000","unstructured":"Afessa B. Pleural effusion and pneumothorax in hospitalized patients with HIV infection: the pulmonary complications, ICU support, and prognostic factors of hospitalized patients with HIV (PIP) study. Chest. 2000;117:1031\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.117.4.1031.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"1099_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-118-11-199306010-00005","volume":"118","author":"J Joseph","year":"1993","unstructured":"Joseph J, Strange C, Sahn SA. Pleural effusions in hospitalized patients with AIDS. Ann Intern Med. 1993;118:856\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/0003-4819-118-11-199306010-00005.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"1099_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1621","volume":"5","author":"CF Thomas","year":"2007","unstructured":"Thomas CF, Limper AH. Current insights into the biology and pathogenesis of Pneumocystis pneumonia. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2007;5:298\u2013308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrmicro1621.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"1099_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/S12890-024-03093-8","volume":"24","author":"D Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang D, Guan L, Li X, Tong Z. A combined immune and inflammatory indicator predict the prognosis of severe Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia patients: a 12-year, retrospective, observational cohort. BMC Pulm Med. 2024;24:285-. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/S12890-024-03093-8.","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"key":"1099_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2169","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S456716","volume":"17","author":"Q Feng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Feng Q, Tong Z. Clinical characteristics and prognostic predictors of pneumocystis Jirovecii pneumonia in patients with and without chronic pulmonary disease: a retrospective cohort study. Infect Drug Resist. 2024;17:2169. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IDR.S456716.","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"key":"1099_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S570354","volume":"19","author":"Y Li","year":"2026","unstructured":"Li Y, Li X, Zhao F, Zhou Q, Sun Y. Prognostic significance of BALF neutrophil percentage and hypoxemia in non-HIV pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia: a retrospective cohort study. Infect Drug Resist. 2026;19:570354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IDR.S570354.","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"key":"1099_CR27","unstructured":"Dockrell DH, Breen R, Collini P, Lipman M, Miller RF. British HIV Association guidelines on the management of opportunistic infection in people living with HIV: the clinical management of pulmonary opportunistic infections 2024. [cited 2026 May 4]; https:\/\/www.bhiva.org\/file\/5d514ec9b503d\/OI-guidelines-methods-general.pdf. Accessed 4 May 2026"},{"key":"1099_CR28","unstructured":"EACS: Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia (PcP). [cited 2026 May 4]. https:\/\/eacs.sanfordguide.com\/en\/eacs-hiv\/eacs-section4\/ois\/eacs-pneumocystis-jirovecii-pneumonia-pcp. Accessed 4 May 2026"},{"key":"1099_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Classen AY, Henze L, Von Lilienfeld-Toal M, Maschmeyer G, Sandherr M, Dur\u00e1n Graeff L, et al. Primary prophylaxis of bacterial infections and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients with hematologic malignancies and solid tumors: 2020 updated guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Working Party of the German Society of Hematology and Medical \u2026. [cited 2025 Dec 31]; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00277-021-04452-9\/Published","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-021-04452-9\/Published"},{"key":"1099_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1111\/IMJ.12599;WGROUP:STRING:PUBLICATION","volume":"44","author":"L Cooley","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cooley L, Dendle C, Wolf J, Teh BW, Chen SC, Boutlis C, et al. Consensus guidelines for diagnosis, prophylaxis and management of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients with haematological and solid malignancies. Intern Med J. 2014;44:1350\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/IMJ.12599;WGROUP:STRING:PUBLICATION.","journal-title":"Intern Med J"},{"key":"1099_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1414092","DOI":"10.3389\/FMED.2024.1414092\/BIBTEX","volume":"11","author":"L Sauvat","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sauvat L, Denis L, Nourrisson C, Poirier P, Ruivard M, Le Guenno G. Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in non-HIV patients: need for a more extended prophylaxis. Front Med (Lausanne). 2024;11:1414092. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/FMED.2024.1414092\/BIBTEX.","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"1099_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mycmed.2021.101241","author":"D S","year":"2022","unstructured":"S D, S TD, Gupta R, Varughese S, Varghese GM, George B, et al. Effectiveness of a real-time PCR for diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia in immunocompromised patients\u2014experience from a tertiary care center, India. J Med Mycol. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mycmed.2021.101241.","journal-title":"J Med Mycol"},{"key":"1099_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03760.x","volume":"19","author":"DE Karageorgopoulos","year":"2013","unstructured":"Karageorgopoulos DE, Qu JM, Korbila IP, Zhu YG, Vasileiou VA, Falagas ME. Accuracy of \u03b2-D-glucan for the diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia: a meta-analysis. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2013;19:39\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03760.x.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"1099_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Maschmeyer G, Helweg-Larsen J, Pagano L, Robin C, Cordonnier C, Schellongowski P. ECIL guidelines for treatment of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in non-HIV-infected haematology patients; 7 Intensive Care in Hematologic and Oncologic Patients (iCHOP). [cited 2023 Apr 15]; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jac\/dkw158","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkw158"},{"key":"1099_CR35","unstructured":"Dockrell DH, Breen R, Collini P, Lipman M, Miller RF. British HIV Association guidelines on the management of opportunistic infection in people living with HIV: The clinical management of pulmonary opportunistic infections 2024. [cited 2026 Jan 4]; https:\/\/www.bhiva.org\/file\/5d514ec9b503d\/OI-guidelines-methods-general.pdf. Accessed 4 Jan 2026"},{"key":"1099_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/S15010-015-0851-1","volume":"44","author":"D Creemers-Schild","year":"2015","unstructured":"Creemers-Schild D, Kroon FP, Kuijper EJ, de Boer MGJ. Treatment of Pneumocystis pneumonia with intermediate-dose and step-down to low-dose trimethoprim\u2013sulfamethoxazole: lessons from an observational cohort study. Infection. 2015;44:291. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S15010-015-0851-1.","journal-title":"Infection"}],"container-title":["Mycopathologia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11046-026-01099-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11046-026-01099-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11046-026-01099-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T02:03:40Z","timestamp":1791857020000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11046-026-01099-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["1099"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11046-026-01099-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-486X","1573-0832"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-486X","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-0832","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 June 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 August 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 September 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"79"}}