{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:18:13Z","timestamp":1792783093419,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"FAPERGS-FIOCRUZ","award":["n.23\/2551-0000503-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["n.23\/2551-0000503-4"]}]},{"name":"CNPq","award":["04\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["04\/2021"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03swz6y49","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"CAPES","award":["443861\/2023-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["443861\/2023-4"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mycopathologia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Sporothrix brasiliensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    is driving a major zoonotic epidemic in Brazil, predominantly via cat-to-human transmission. In the late 1990s major outbreaks were reported in Rio de Janeiro (RJ) and Rio Grande do Sul (RS), the southernmost state. We characterized the antifungal susceptibility and genetic diversity of 450\n                    <jats:italic>S. brasiliensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates collected between 2009 and 2024 in RS to better understand treatment response, emergence and transmission.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>A bimodal distribution of the itraconazole minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was observed with 24% non-wild-type (NWT) isolates. Short tandem repeat genotyping revealed three main clades: One associated with RJ strains (Clade I) and two novel clades (Clades II and III). Clade II formed large transmission clusters with &lt;\u00a020% of isolates being NWT for itraconazole, similar to Clade I. Clade III demonstrated less clustering, higher genetic variation and NWT MICs for 89% of isolates. Finally, all NWT strains in human patients with cat-transmitted disease and available clinical data, appeared isolated prior to azole exposure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    We report the emergence of genetically distinct\n                    <jats:italic>S. brasiliensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    clades in RS with different rates of reduced itraconazole susceptibility and evidence of zoonotic transmission of NWT isolates. Our findings highlight the urgent need for antifungal stewardship and surveillance in these endemic regions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-026-01101-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T08:17:32Z","timestamp":1789460252000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Unique Genetic Clades and Frequent Zoonotic Transmission of Sporothrix brasiliensis with Reduced Itraconazole Susceptibility"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"191","author":[{"given":"Mariana Rodrigues","family":"Tr\u00e1paga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bram","family":"Spruijtenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9ssica Estefania D\u00e1vila","family":"Hidalgo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruna","family":"Jacomel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel Martins","family":"Madrid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela Isabel Brayer","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella Souza","family":"Mattei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelita Reis","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata Os\u00f3rio","family":"de Faria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fl\u00e1vio","family":"Silveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cec\u00edlia Bittencourt","family":"Severo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Val\u00e9rio Rodrigues","family":"Aquino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Paula Giolo","family":"Franz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"de \u00c1vila Botton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosely Maria","family":"Zancop\u00e9-Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanice Rodrigues","family":"Poester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theun","family":"de Groot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eelco F. J.","family":"Meijer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa Orzechowski","family":"Xavier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"1101_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Sporotrichosis. (2023). Accessed on 17-11-2025 at https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/sporotrichosis"},{"issue":"10","key":"1101_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3198","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00808-07","volume":"45","author":"R Marimon","year":"2007","unstructured":"Marimon R, Cano J, Gen\u00e9 J, Sutton DA, Kawasaki M, Guarro J. Sporothrix brasiliensis, S. globosa, and S. mexicana, three new Sporothrix species of clinical interest. J Clin Microbiol. 2007;45(10):3198\u2013206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JCM.00808-07.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1101_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1007\/s42770-021-00658-1","volume":"53","author":"VBS Rabello","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rabello VBS, Almeida MA, Bernardes-Engemann AR, Almeida-Paes R, de Macedo PM, Zancop\u00e9-Oliveira RM. The historical burden of sporotrichosis in Brazil: a systematic review of cases reported from 1907 to 2020. Braz J Microbiol. 2022;53(1):231\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42770-021-00658-1.","journal-title":"Braz J Microbiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"1101_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.3390\/jof9090921","volume":"9","author":"MO Xavier","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xavier MO, Poester VR, Tr\u00e1paga MR, Stevens DA. Sporothrix brasiliensis: epidemiology, therapy, and recent developments. J Fungi (Basel). 2023;9(9):921. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jof9090921.","journal-title":"J Fungi (Basel)"},{"issue":"1","key":"1101_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s42770-020-00365-3","volume":"52","author":"IDF Gremi\u00e3o","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gremi\u00e3o IDF, da Rocha EMS, Montenegro H, Carneiro AJB, Xavier MO, de arias MR, et al. Guideline for the management of feline sporotrichosis caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis and literature revision. Braz J Microbiol. 2021;52(1):107\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42770-020-00365-3.","journal-title":"Braz J Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1101_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abd.2022.07.001","volume":"97","author":"R Orofino-Costa","year":"2022","unstructured":"Orofino-Costa R, Freitas DFS, Bernardes-Engemann AR, Rodrigues AM, Talhari C, Ferraz CE, et al. Human sporotrichosis: recommendations from the Brazilian society of dermatology for the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic management. An Bras Dermatol. 2022;97(6):757\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.abd.2022.07.001.","journal-title":"An Bras Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1101_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1006077","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006077","volume":"13","author":"IDF Gremi\u00e3o","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gremi\u00e3o IDF, Miranda LHM, Reis EG, Rodrigues AM, Pereira SA. Zoonotic epidemic of sporotrichosis: cat to human transmission. PLoS Pathog. 2017;13(1):e1006077. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006077.","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"10","key":"1101_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.166.10.290","volume":"166","author":"SA Pereira","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pereira SA, Passos SRL, Silva JN, Gremi\u00e3o IDF, Figueiredo FB, Teixeira JL, et al. Response to azolic antifungal agents for treating feline sporotrichosis. Vet Rec. 2010;166(10):290\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/vr.166.10.290.","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"issue":"4","key":"1101_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.000041","volume":"64","author":"LP Borba-Santos","year":"2015","unstructured":"Borba-Santos LP, Gagini T, Ishida K, de Souza W, Rozental S. Miltefosine is active against Sporothrix brasiliensis isolates with in vitro low susceptibility to amphotericin B or itraconazole. J Med Microbiol. 2015;64(4):415\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/jmm.0.000041.","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1101_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0162023","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01620-23","volume":"68","author":"AR dos Santos","year":"2024","unstructured":"dos Santos AR, Gade L, Misas E, Litvintseva AP, Nunnally NS, Parnell LA, et al. Bimodal distribution of azole susceptibility in Sporothrix brasiliensis isolates in Brazil. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2024;68(4):e0162023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aac.01620-23.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"1101_CR11","unstructured":"Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade. Portaria GM\/MS no 6.734, de 18 de mar\u00e7o de 2025: inclus\u00e3o da esporotricose humana na Lista Nacional de Notifica\u00e7\u00e3o Compuls\u00f3ria de Doen\u00e7as, Agravos e Eventos de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica. (2025)."},{"issue":"3","key":"1101_CR12","first-page":"137","volume":"18","author":"M de-Oliveira-Nobre","year":"2001","unstructured":"de-Oliveira-Nobre M, P\u00f6tter-de-Castro A, Caetano D, Leonardo-de-Souza L, Araujo-Meireles MC, Ferreiro L. Recurrence of sporotrichosis in cats with zoonotic involvement. Rev Iberoam Micol. 2001;18(3):137\u201340.","journal-title":"Rev Iberoam Micol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1101_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1086\/381200","volume":"38","author":"MBL Barros","year":"2004","unstructured":"Barros MBL, Schubach AO, Valle ACF, Galhardo MCG, Concei\u00e7\u00e3o-Silva F, Schubach TMP, et al. Cat-transmitted sporotrichosis epidemic in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: description of a series of cases. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;38(4):529\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/381200.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"1101_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2281","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002281","volume":"7","author":"AM Rodrigues","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rodrigues AM, Teixeira MM, de Hoog GS, Schubach TMP, Pereira SA, Fernandes FG, et al. Phylogenetic analysis reveals a high prevalence of Sporothrix brasiliensis in feline sporotrichosis outbreaks. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013;7(6):e2281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002281.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"1101_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0008330","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008330","volume":"14","author":"JA de Carvalho","year":"2020","unstructured":"de Carvalho JA, Hagen F, Fisher MC, de Camargo ZP, Rodrigues AM. Genome-wide mapping using new AFLP markers to explore intraspecific variation among pathogenic Sporothrix species. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020;14(7):e0008330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008330.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"354","key":"1101_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.3390\/jof9030354","volume":"9","author":"LCML Losada","year":"2023","unstructured":"Losada LCML, Monteiro RC, de Carvalho JA, Hagen F, Fisher MC, Spruijtenburg B, et al. High-throughput microsatellite markers development for genetic characterization of emerging Sporothrix species. J Fungi (Basel). 2023;9(354):354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jof9030354.","journal-title":"J Fungi (Basel)"},{"key":"1101_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fgb.2023.103845","volume":"170","author":"VBS Rabello","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rabello VBS, Teixeira MM, Meyer W, Irinyi L, Xavier MO, Poester VR, et al. Multi-locus sequencing typing reveals geographically related intraspecies variability of Sporothrix brasiliensis. Fungal Genet Biol. 2024;170:103845. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fgb.2023.103845.","journal-title":"Fungal Genet Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1101_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.3390\/jof8010070","volume":"8","author":"VR Poester","year":"2022","unstructured":"Poester VR, Basso RP, Stevens DA, Munhoz LS, Rabello VBS, Almeida-Paes R, et al. Treatment of human sporotrichosis caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis. J Fungi (Basel). 2022;8(1):70. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jof8010070.","journal-title":"J Fungi (Basel)"},{"key":"1101_CR19","unstructured":"CLSI. Reference Method for Broth Dilution Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Filamentous Fungi. 3rd ed. CLSI standard M38. Wayne, PA; Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2017."},{"key":"1101_CR20","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Subcommittee on Antifungal Susceptibility Tests \u2014 Meeting Summary and Minutes (20\u201321 January 2024). https:\/\/clsi.org\/media\/fllolssd\/2024_september_afsc_3_january_2024_meeting_summary_minutes.pdf (2024)."},{"issue":"6","key":"1101_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.02.034","volume":"86","author":"B Spruijtenburg","year":"2023","unstructured":"Spruijtenburg B, Bombassaro A, Meijer EFJ, Rodrigues AM, Grisolia ME, Vicente VA, et al. Sporothrix brasiliensis genotyping reveals numerous independent zoonotic introductions in Brazil. J Infect. 2023;86(6):610\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jinf.2023.02.034.","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"issue":"1","key":"1101_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101536","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mycmed.2025.101536","volume":"35","author":"MGS Silvero","year":"2025","unstructured":"Silvero MGS, do Prado CM, Spruijtenburg B, Codas FAL, Ojeda ML, Lima BJFS, et al. The first autochthonous human case of sporotrichosis by Sporothrix brasiliensis in Paraguay. J Mycol Med. 2025;35(1):101536. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mycmed.2025.101536.","journal-title":"J Mycol Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"1101_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13363","volume":"65","author":"VR Poester","year":"2022","unstructured":"Poester VR, Stevens DA, Basso RP, Munhoz LS, Zanchi M, Benelli JL, et al. CATastrophe: response to the challenges of zoonotic sporotrichosis in southern Brazil. Mycoses. 2022;65(1):30\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/myc.13363.","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"issue":"2","key":"1101_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myu056","volume":"53","author":"LP Borba-Santos","year":"2015","unstructured":"Borba-Santos LP, Rodrigues AM, Gagini TB, Fernandes GF, Castro R, de Camargo ZP, et al. Susceptibility of Sporothrix brasiliensis isolates to amphotericin B, azoles, and terbinafine. Med Mycol. 2015;53(2):178\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/mmy\/myu056.","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1101_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/s42770-020-00280-7","volume":"52","author":"SB Waller","year":"2021","unstructured":"Waller SB, Ripoll MK, Madrid IM, Acunha T, Cleff MB, Chaves FC, et al. Susceptibility and resistance of Sporothrix brasiliensis to branded and compounded itraconazole formulations. Braz J Microbiol. 2021;52(1):155\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42770-020-00280-7.","journal-title":"Braz J Microbiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"1101_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.3201\/eid3109.250156","volume":"31","author":"CM do Prado","year":"2025","unstructured":"do Prado CM, Spruijtenburg B, Razzolini E, Chiyo L, Santi C, Martins CA, et al. Sporothrix brasiliensis treatment failure without initial elevated itraconazole MICs in felids at border of Brazil. Emerg Infect Dis. 2025;31(9):1783\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid3109.250156.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"1101_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01057-17","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01057-17","volume":"61","author":"A Espinel-Ingroff","year":"2017","unstructured":"Espinel-Ingroff A, Abreu DPB, Almeida-Paes R, Brilhante RSN, Chakrabarti A, Chowdhary A, et al. Multicenter, international study of MIC\/MEC distributions for definition of epidemiological cutoff values for Sporothrix species identified by molecular methods. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2017;61(10):e01057-17. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AAC.01057-17.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"1101_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103743","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fgb.2022.103743","volume":"163","author":"MM Teixeira","year":"2022","unstructured":"Teixeira MM, Almeida-Paes R, Bernardes-Engemann AR, Nicola AM, de Macedo PM, Calle ACF, et al. Single nucleotide polymorphisms and chromosomal copy number variation may impact the Sporothrix brasiliensis antifungal susceptibility and sporotrichosis clinical outcomes. Fungal Genet Biol. 2022;163:103743. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fgb.2022.103743.","journal-title":"Fungal Genet Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1101_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/s42770-020-00307-z","volume":"52","author":"SB Waller","year":"2021","unstructured":"Waller SB, Lana DFD, Quatrin PM, Ferreira MRA, Fuentefria AM, Mezari A. Antifungal resistance on Sporothrix species: an overview. Braz J Microbiol. 2021;52(1):73\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42770-020-00307-z.","journal-title":"Braz J Microbiol"},{"key":"1101_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103743","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fgb.2022.103743","volume":"163","author":"MM Teixeira","year":"2022","unstructured":"Teixeira MM, Almeida-Paes R, Bernardes-Engemann AR, Nicola AM, de Macedo PM, Valle ACF, et al. Single nucleotide polymorphisms and chromosomal copy number variation may impact the Sporothrix brasiliensis antifungal susceptibility and sporotrichosis clinical outcomes. Fungal Genet Biol. 2022;163:103743. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fgb.2022.103743.","journal-title":"Fungal Genet Biol"},{"issue":"12","key":"1101_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13497","volume":"65","author":"LS Munhoz","year":"2022","unstructured":"Munhoz LS, Poester VR, Severo CB, Tr\u00e1paga MR, Madrid IM, Benelli JL, et al. Update of the epidemiology of the sporotrichosis epidemic in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Mycoses. 2022;65(12):1112\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/myc.13497.","journal-title":"Mycoses"}],"container-title":["Mycopathologia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11046-026-01101-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11046-026-01101-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11046-026-01101-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T02:03:50Z","timestamp":1791857030000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11046-026-01101-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["1101"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11046-026-01101-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-486X","1573-0832"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-486X","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-0832","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 August 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 September 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"EFJM received research grants from Mundipharma and Scynexis, is in the scientific advisory board for Pfizer and has received speaker fees from Gilead Sciences. All other authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ethical approval was waived by the ethics committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul since isolates were obtained during routine diagnostic practise and anonymization of patient data.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical Approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"80"}}