{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T16:27:15Z","timestamp":1785601635794,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,10]],"date-time":"2021-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636502400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,10]],"date-time":"2021-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636502400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["5P30CA043703-30S1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5P30CA043703-30S1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018047","name":"NRG Oncology","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["U10CA180868"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U10CA180868"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018047","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018047","name":"NRG Oncology","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["U10CA180822"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U10CA180822"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018047","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018047","name":"NRG Oncology","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["UG1CA189867"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UG1CA189867"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018047","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurooncol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background\/purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor. Sex has been shown to be an important prognostic factor for GBM. The purpose of this study was to develop and independently validate sex-specific nomograms for estimation of individualized GBM survival probabilities using data from 2 independent NRG Oncology clinical trials.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This analysis included information on 752 (NRG\/RTOG 0525) and 599 (NRG\/RTOG 0825) patients with newly diagnosed GBM. The Cox proportional hazard models by sex were developed using NRG\/RTOG 0525 and significant variables were identified using a backward selection procedure. The final selected models by sex were then independently validated using NRG\/RTOG 0825.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Final nomograms were built by sex. Age at diagnosis, KPS, MGMT promoter methylation and location of tumor were common significant predictors of survival for both sexes. For both sexes, tumors in the frontal lobes had significantly better survival than tumors of multiple sites. Extent of resection, and use of corticosteroids were significant predictors of survival for males.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A sex specific nomogram that assesses individualized survival probabilities (6-, 12- and 24-months) for patients with GBM could be more useful than estimation of overall survival as there are factors that differ between males and females. A user friendly online application can be found here\u2014<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/npatilshinyappcalculator.shinyapps.io\/SexDifferencesInGBM\/\">https:\/\/npatilshinyappcalculator.shinyapps.io\/SexDifferencesInGBM\/<\/jats:ext-link>.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-021-03886-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,10]],"date-time":"2021-11-10T19:02:58Z","timestamp":1636570978000},"page":"363-372","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Independently validated sex-specific nomograms for predicting survival in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma: NRG Oncology RTOG 0525 and 0825"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"155","author":[{"given":"Nirav","family":"Patil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eashwar","family":"Somasundaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin A.","family":"Waite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin D.","family":"Lathia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitchell","family":"Machtay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark R.","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James R.","family":"Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua B.","family":"Rubin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael E.","family":"Berens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin A.","family":"Buerki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serah","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew E.","family":"Sloan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Penas-Prado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynn S.","family":"Ashby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah T.","family":"Blumenthal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Werner-Wasik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grant K.","family":"Hunter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John C.","family":"Flickinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merideth M.","family":"Wendland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valerie","family":"Panet-Raymond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. 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Ashby, Barnholtz-Sloan, Berens, Blumenthal, Buerki, Choi, Connor, Flickinger, Gilbert, Hunter, Lathia, Machtay, Panet-Raymond, Patil, Penas-Prado, Robins, Rubin, Sloan, Somasundaram, Waite, Wendland and Werner-Wasik have nothing to disclose. Dr. Mehta reports personal (consultant) fees from Mevion, Karyopharm, Tocagen, Astra Zeneca, Blue Earth Diagnostics, Board of Directors from Oncoceutics (with options) outside the submitted work. Dr. Pugh reports Salary support paid to my institution from Millennium, and Pfizer, outside the submitted work.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Exempt approval was obtained from the University Hospitals Institutional Review Board (IRB) for all analyses presented.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"NRG\/RTOG 0525 and NRG\/RTOG 0825 for which a written informed consent was obtained for each study subject under IRB approved protocols for each participating NRG study site.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}}]}}